---
title: "Bullinger"
description: "Hear . . . ye. Masculine  kine = heifers: the women. Compare Psalms 22:22 (masculine), Ezekiel 39:18 (masculine)  mountain = hill country.  oppress. Hebr"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/bullingers-companion-bible-notes/amos/4"
---

**Hear . . . ye.** Masculine
**kine** = heifers: the women. Compare [Psalms 22:22](../../../kjv/psalms/22/22) (masculine), [Ezekiel 39:18](../../../kjv/ezekiel/39/18) (masculine)
**mountain =** hill country.
**oppress.** Hebrew. *ashak* , as in [Amos 3:9](../../../kjv/amos/3/9) (feminine) Reference to Pentateuch ([Leviticus 19:13](../../../kjv/leviticus/19/13) .[Deuteronomy 24:14](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/24/14); [Deuteronomy 24:14](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/24/14) ). Compare [2 Samuel 12:3](../../../kjv/2-samuel/12/3) , [2 Samuel 12:4](../../../kjv/2-samuel/12/4) .
**the poor** = exhausted ones. Hebrew. *dal* (masculine) See note on "poverty", [Proverbs 6:11](../../../kjv/proverbs/6/11)
**the needy** = needy ones. Hebrew ' *ebyan* (masculine) See note "poverty" [Proverbs 6:11](../../../kjv/proverbs/6/11) .
**say** (feminine)
**their** (masculine)

**The Lord GOD** . See note on [Amos 1:7](../../../kjv/amos/1/7) .
**sworn by His holiness.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Genesis 22:16](../../../kjv/genesis/22/16) ).
**lo.** Figure of speech *Asferismos.* App-6 .
**hooks.** In the Assyrian monuments we see the captives with literal "hooks" in their noses. Compare [2 Chronicles 33:11](../../../kjv/2-chronicles/33/11) .[Job 40:24](../../../kjv/job/40/24) ; [Job 41:2](../../../kjv/job/41/2) .[Isaiah 37:29](../../../kjv/isaiah/37/29) . [Ezekiel 29:4](../../../kjv/ezekiel/29/4) .
**your posterity** = the remnant of you. Hebrew. *'aharith,* as in [Ezekiel 23:25](../../../kjv/ezekiel/23/25) . Not posterity.

**cow** , i.e. woman.
**at that which is before her** = each woman through the breach [in the wall of Samaria].
**before her** i.e. without turning to the left or right. Compare [Joshua 6:5](../../../kjv/joshua/6/5) , [Joshua 6:20](../../../kjv/joshua/6/20) .
**ye shall cast them into the palace** . Palace, Hebrew. *harmon* (see note on [Amos 1:4](../../../kjv/amos/1/4) ). Here it is *haharmonah,* which forms the Figure of speech Paronomasia ( App-6 ) with 'arman ([Amos 3:11](../../../kjv/amos/3/11) ). The clause is to be interpreted by [Amos 3:11](../../../kjv/amos/3/11) , [Amos 3:12](../../../kjv/amos/3/12) , end [Amos 5:27](../../../kjv/amos/5/27) , and would then road: "ye shall be cast forth toward *Ha-Harmon".* The place is not known, but it may mean "ye women who are at ease in your palaces" *(arman,* [Amos 3:11](../../../kjv/amos/3/11) , [Amos 3:12](../../../kjv/amos/3/12) ) will be cast forth into *Ha-Harmonak:* into exile. The text is not necessarily "corrupt" because we do not happen to know a place of that name.
**saith the LORD** = is Jehovah's oracle.
**the LORD.** Hebrew. *Jehovah.* App-4 .

**Come to Beth-el,** &c. Here we have Divine irony, as though it meant "Fill up the measure of your iniquity". Compare [Matthew 23:32](../../../kjv/matthew/23/32) .
**transgress . . . transgression.** Hebrew pasha'. App-44 .
**Beth-el . . . Gilgal.** Compare [Amos 3:14](../../../kjv/amos/3/14) ; [Amos 5:5](../../../kjv/amos/5/5) .[Hosea 4:15](../../../kjv/hosea/4/15) ; [Hosea 9:15](../../../kjv/hosea/9/15) ; [Hosea 12:11](../../../kjv/hosea/12/11) .
**after three years** . The ref is to the Pentateuch ([Numbers 28:3](../../../kjv/numbers/28/3) .[Deuteronomy 14:28](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/14/28); [Deuteronomy 14:28](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/14/28) ), App-92 ; not to "days", or to modern "Mohammedan pilgrimages".

**offer a sacrifices** = offer as incense. Hebrew katar. App-43 . Ref to Pentateuch ([Leviticus 7:13](../../../kjv/leviticus/7/13) ; [Leviticus 23:17](../../../kjv/leviticus/23/17) ). App-92 . Compare [Psalms 56:12](../../../kjv/psalms/56/12) .[Jeremiah 17:26](../../../kjv/jeremiah/17/26) ; [Jeremiah 33:1](../../../kjv/jeremiah/33/1) .[Hebrews 13:15](../../../kjv/hebrews/13/15) .
**with leaven.** Leavened bread might be eaten by the offerer, but *not consumed on the altar* ([Leviticus 2:11](../../../kjv/leviticus/2/11) , [Leviticus 2:12](../../../kjv/leviticus/2/12) ). Leaven is mentioned five times in Exodus; four in Leviticus; one in Deuteronomy; and not *elsewhere.* The Mosaic law was well known. App-92 . There was no "historic growth" of the Pentateuch.
**free offerings.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Leviticus 22:18](../../../kjv/leviticus/22/18) , [Leviticus 22:21](../../../kjv/leviticus/22/21) .[Deuteronomy 12:6](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/12/6); [Deuteronomy 12:6](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/12/6) ). App-92 .
**this liketh you** = so ye have loved [to have it).
**children** = sons.
**saith the Lord GOD** = [is] Adonai Jehovah's oracle.

**cleanness of teeth.** Put by Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Adjunct), App-6 , for famine.
**yet have ye not** . &c. Note the Structure above, showing the Figure fo Speech *Amoeboeon* ( App-6 ). Compare [Isaiah 26:11](../../../kjv/isaiah/26/11) .[Jeremiah 5:3](../../../kjv/jeremiah/5/3) .[Haggai 2:12](../../../kjv/haggai/2/12) .

**have withholden** , &c. Reference to Pentateuch ([Deuteronomy 28:22-24](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/22-24) ).
**piece** = portion of land.
**it.** Ginsburg thinks this should be "I".

**I have smitten** , &c. Reference to Pentateuch ([Deuteronomy 28:22](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/22) ). App-92 . Compare [Haggai 2:17](../../../kjv/haggai/2/17) .
**the palmerworm** = the gnawer. Hebrew. *gazam.* See note on [Joel 1:4](../../../kjv/joel/1/4) .

**I have sent,** &c. Ref to Pentateuch ([Leviticus 26:25](../../../kjv/leviticus/26/25) .[Deuteronomy 28:21](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/21) , [Deuteronomy 28:27](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/27) , [Deuteronomy 28:60](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/60) ). App-92 .
**the pestilence** = a pestilence. Put by Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Cause), App-6 , for the
**death resulting from it.** Septuagint renders it "death". See note on [Amos 6:10](../../../kjv/amos/6/10) .
**after the manner,** &c. Reference to Pentateuch, ([Exodus 9:3](../../../kjv/exodus/9/3) , [Exodus 9:6](../../../kjv/exodus/9/6) ; [Exodus 12:29](../../../kjv/exodus/12/29) . [Deuteronomy 28:27](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/27) ). App-92 . Compare [Psalms 78:50](../../../kjv/psalms/78/50) . [Isaiah 10:24](../../../kjv/isaiah/10/24) , [Isaiah 10:26](../../../kjv/isaiah/10/26) .
**taken. away** , &c. Compare [2 Kings 13:7](../../../kjv/2-kings/13/7) .
**I have made,** &c. Compare [Joel 2:20](../../../kjv/joel/2/20) .

**as God overthrew,** &c. Reference to Pentateuch ([Genesis 19:24](../../../kjv/genesis/19/24) , [Genesis 19:25](../../../kjv/genesis/19/25) .[Deuteronomy 29:23](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/29/23); [Deuteronomy 29:23](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/29/23) ). App-92 . Compare [Isaiah 13:19](../../../kjv/isaiah/13/19) . [Jeremiah 49:18](../../../kjv/jeremiah/49/18) . God. Hebrew Elobim. App-4 .
**ye were as a firebrand,** &c. Compare [Zechariah 3:2](../../../kjv/zechariah/3/2) *.[Jude 1:23](../../../kjv/jude/1/23)* .

**prepare to meet,** &c. i.e. in judgment. Compare [Ezekiel 13:5](../../../kjv/ezekiel/13/5) ; [Ezekiel 22:30](../../../kjv/ezekiel/22/30) . [Amos 4:11](../../../kjv/amos/4/11) and [Amos 4:12](../../../kjv/amos/4/12) are not "out of place" or an "interpolation", but are required by the Structure, "M", below.
[Amos 4:1-13](../../../kjv/amos/4/1-13) (F2). **THE NORTHERN KINGDOM. (THE KINE OF BASHAN.)** *(Extended Alternation.)*
F2 | K |1-. call to Hear.
L | -1. Judgements deserved.
**M** | 2,3. Threatening.
| K | 4,5. call to Come.
L | 6-11. Judgements inflicted.
**M** | 12,13. Threatening.

**createth.** Some modern critics allege that this word (Hebrew. *bara, [Genesis 1](../../../kjv/genesis/1)* [Amos 1:1](../../../kjv/amos/1/1) ) was not used before the time of Jeremiah; but it is used, besides the Pentateuch, in [Psalms 51:10](../../../kjv/psalms/51/10) ; [Psalms 89:12](../../../kjv/psalms/89/12) , [Psalms 89:47](../../../kjv/psalms/89/47) ; [Psalms 102:18](../../../kjv/psalms/102/18) ; [Psalms 104:30](../../../kjv/psalms/104/30) ; [Psalms 148:5](../../../kjv/psalms/148/5) .[Ecclesiastes 12:1](../../../kjv/ecclesiastes/12/1) ; and in Isaiah frequently.
**wind.** Hebrew ruach. App-9 .
**declareth unto man,** &c. Compare Psa 189:2 .[Daniel 2:28](../../../kjv/daniel/2/28) .
**man.** Hebrew. *'adam.* App-14 .
**That maketh,** &c. Compare [Amos 5:8](../../../kjv/amos/5/8) ; [Amos 8:9](../../../kjv/amos/8/9) .
**and treadeth,** &c. Reference to Pentateuch ([Deuteronomy 32:13](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/32/13) ; [Deuteronomy 33:29](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/33/29) ). App-92 . Compare [Micah 1:3](../../../kjv/micah/1/3) .
**is His name.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Exodus 15:3](../../../kjv/exodus/15/3) ). App-92 . Compare [Amos 5:8](../../../kjv/amos/5/8) ; [Amos 9:6](../../../kjv/amos/9/6) . [Isaiah 47:4](../../../kjv/isaiah/47/4) .[Jeremiah 10:16](../../../kjv/jeremiah/10/16) .

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