---
title: "Bullinger"
description: "take up = lift up as a burden.  lamentation = dirge.  house of Israel. See note on Amos 8:1 .  virgin. Put by Figure of speech  Metonymy (of Adjunct), Ap"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/bullingers-companion-bible-notes/amos/5"
---

**take up** = lift up as a burden.
**lamentation** = dirge.
**house of Israel.** See note on [Amos 8:1](../../../kjv/amos/8/1) .

**virgin.** Put by Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Adjunct), App-6 , for the house of Israel, a young girl who is beloved, as in Hosea. Compare [Isaiah 37:22](../../../kjv/isaiah/37/22) ; [Isaiah 47:1](../../../kjv/isaiah/47/1) .[Jeremiah 14:17](../../../kjv/jeremiah/14/17) ; [Jeremiah 46:11](../../../kjv/jeremiah/46/11) , &c.
**she.** Some codices, with one early printed edition, Syriac and Vulgate, read "and shall not": i.e. cannot rise again.
**land** = soil. Hebrew. *'adamah.*
**there.** Some codices read "and [there]".

**the Lord GOD.** Hebrew. *Adonai Jehovah* . App-4 .
**went out** = goeth out [to war].
**by a thousand** = a thousand strong. Ref to Pentateuch ([Deuteronomy 32:30](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/32/30) ). App-92 .
**by an hundred** = a hundred strong.
**to** = [belonging] to.

**thus saith.** Note the prophetic formula (see App-82 ), introducing the exhortation, and emphasising it.
**the Lord** . Hebrew. *Jehovah.* App-4 .
**Seek ye Me,** &c.
Note this word "seek" in the several exhortations. Reference to Pentateuch ([Deuteronomy 12:5](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/12/5) ). App-92 . As in [Psalms 9:10](../../../kjv/psalms/9/10) . [Isaiah 9:13](../../../kjv/isaiah/9/13) .[Jeremiah 10:21](../../../kjv/jeremiah/10/21) .[Hosea 10:12](../../../kjv/hosea/10/12) .[Zephaniah 1:6](../../../kjv/zephaniah/1/6) .
**ye shall live.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Leviticus 18:5](../../../kjv/leviticus/18/5) , see note there. [Deuteronomy 30:19](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/30/19) ). App-92 . Compare [Isaiah 55:3](../../../kjv/isaiah/55/3) .

**Bethel. Gilgal. Beer-sheba.** Compare [Hosea 4:15](../../../kjv/hosea/4/15) ; [Hosea 10:8](../../../kjv/hosea/10/8) . These were the seats of Israel's idolatrous worship.
**pass not** = pass not through; which was necessary in order to get from the north to Beer-sheba in the south. Compare [Amos 4:4](../../../kjv/amos/4/4) ; [Amos 8:14](../../../kjv/amos/8/14) .
**Gilgal shall surely go into captivity.** Note the Figure of speech *Paronomasia* ( App-6 ), for emphasis. Hebrew. *Gilgal galoh yigleh* = *The Roller, rolling, shall roll away* : i.e. be utterly removed. This is emphasized by the Figure of speech *Polyptoton* ( App-6 ).

**Joseph.** Put by Figure of speech *Synecdoche* (of the Part), App-6 , for the whole Northern Kingdom.

**wormwood.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Deuteronomy 29:18](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/29/18) ).
**leave off. in** = cast down. to.

**the seven stars.** Hebrew. *kimah* = cluster. Modern name, the Pleiades. See notes on [Job 9:9](../../../kjv/job/9/9) ; [Job 38:31](../../../kjv/job/38/31) , [Job 38:32](../../../kjv/job/38/32) . Compare [Isaiah 13:10](../../../kjv/isaiah/13/10) ; and see App-12 .
**Orion.** Hebrew. *kesel* = rigidity, strength; from *kesalim* = loins ([Job 15:27](../../../kjv/job/15/27) ): hence, "confidence" derived from strength ([Job 8:14](../../../kjv/job/8/14) ; [Job 31:24](../../../kjv/job/31/24) , where the Septuagint has *ichun* = strength. [Psalms 78:7](../../../kjv/psalms/78/7) . [Proverbs 3:26](../../../kjv/proverbs/3/26) ). In the Denderah Zodiac his name is *oar* , from the Hebrew root *'Or* = light: hence the glorious One. See App-12 . Compare [Job 9:9](../../../kjv/job/9/9) ; [Job 38:31](../../../kjv/job/38/31) .
**the shadow of death.** Hebrew. *tzalmaveth* . Not "a late word". We find it ten times in Job; four times in Psalms. [Isaiah 9:2](../../../kjv/isaiah/9/2) .[Jeremiah 2:6](../../../kjv/jeremiah/2/6) ; [Jeremiah 13:16](../../../kjv/jeremiah/13/16) .
**Maketh the day, &c.** Compare [Psalms 104:20](../../../kjv/psalms/104/20) .
**That** = [Seek Him] That.
**calleth, &c.** Compare [Amos 9:6](../../../kjv/amos/9/6) . [Job 38:34](../../../kjv/job/38/34) .[Isaiah 48:13](../../../kjv/isaiah/48/13) .
**is** = it[is].

**strengtheneth the spoiled against the strong** = that makes destruction to corns suddenly to flash upon the strong.
**so that the,** &c = and destruction will come upon the fortress.

**They hate,** &c. The connection is not "difficult". The Structure is the commentary. Compare [Isaiah 29:21](../../../kjv/isaiah/29/21) .
**him that rebuketh,** &c. = the reprover.
**in the gate:** i.e. before the judge.
**uprightly** = truthfully.

**the poor an impoverished one.** Hebrew. *dal,* See note on "poverty", [Proverbs 6:11](../../../kjv/proverbs/6/11) .
**burdens** = exaction. Singular.
**ye have built,** &c. Reference to Deut. ([Deuteronomy 28:30](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/30) , [Deuteronomy 28:39](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/39) ).
**pleasant vineyards** = vineyards of desire. wine. Hebrew. *yayin.* App-27 .

**transgressions. Hebrew pasha.** App-44 .
**sins.** Hebrew. *chata* App-44 .
**they afflict** = oppressors [as ye are] of.
**the just** = a righteous one.
**take a bribe.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Numbers 35:31](../../../kjv/numbers/35/31) , [Numbers 35:32](../../../kjv/numbers/35/32) , the same word). App-92 , turn aside. Reference to Pentateuch, ([Exodus 23:6](../../../kjv/exodus/23/6) . [Deuteronomy 16:19](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/16/19) ; [Deuteronomy 24:17](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/24/17) . The same Hebrew word in all three cases). App-92 , Compare [Isaiah 29:21](../../../kjv/isaiah/29/21) .[Malachi 3:5](../../../kjv/malachi/3/5) .
**the poor' needy ones.** Hebrew. *'ebyee* . See note on "poverty", [Proverbs 6:11](../../../kjv/proverbs/6/11) . Compare [Amos 2:7](../../../kjv/amos/2/7) . [Isaiah 29:21](../../../kjv/isaiah/29/21) .

Therefore, &c. Compare [Proverbs 28:11](../../../kjv/proverbs/28/11) , [Proverbs 28:28](../../../kjv/proverbs/28/28) . an evil time, a time of calamity. *Hebrew raa'.* App-44 . See note on [Amos 3:6](../../../kjv/amos/3/6) .

**Seek** good. Note the Structure ("u1", "u2":u3", p. 1237).
**God.** Hebrew. *Elohim.* App-4 .
**as** = according as. Compare [Micah 3:11](../../../kjv/micah/3/11) .

**Hate the evil,** he. Compare [Psalms 34:14](../../../kjv/psalms/34/14) ; [Psalms 97:10](../../../kjv/psalms/97/10) . [Romans 12:9](../../../kjv/romans/12/9) , This concludes the last of the three exhortations.
**it may be** . Hebrew. *u lay.* The whole versa is the exhortation: but the Heb, accent marks off this sentence, calling attention, not to *uncertainty* on the part of Jehovah, but to the *difficulty* on Israel's part; and this order to stimulate obedience to the exhortation. Compare [Exodus 32:30](../../../kjv/exodus/32/30) . [2 Kings 19:4](../../../kjv/2-kings/19/4) .[Joel 2:14](../../../kjv/joel/2/14) .
**Joseph.** Put by Figure of speech *Synecdoche* (of the Part), App-6 , for the whole of the Northern Kingdom.

**the LORD".** One of the 134 places where the *Sopherirm* say they altered "Jehovah" ( App-4 .) of the primitive test to "Adenai" ( App-4 . See App-32 .
**streets** = open places.
**skilful of lamentation:** i.e. the professional mourners. Compare [2 Chronicles 35:25](../../../kjv/2-chronicles/35/25) .[Ezekiel 12:5](../../../kjv/ezekiel/12/5) .[Jeremiah 9:17](../../../kjv/jeremiah/9/17) .

**pass through.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Exodus 12:12](../../../kjv/exodus/12/12) ). App-92 .

**Woe.** The first woe. See the Structure above. the day of the LORD. See notes on [Isaiah 2:12](../../../kjv/isaiah/2/12) ; [Isaiah 13:6](../../../kjv/isaiah/13/6) . [Joel 2:1](../../../kjv/joel/2/1)
**darkness, and not light.** Note the Figure of speech *Pleonasm* ( App-6 ) for emphasis. Compare [Jeremiah 30:7](../../../kjv/jeremiah/30/7) . [Joel 2:2](../../../kjv/joel/2/2) .[Zephaniah 1:15](../../../kjv/zephaniah/1/15) .

**man.** Hebrew. *'ish* . App-14 .
**a lion** . Hebrew the face of a lion. A special various reading called *Sevir* ( App-34 ) reads "the mouth of a lion".
**a bear.** The Syrian bear is fiercer than a lion ([Daniel 7:5](../../../kjv/daniel/7/5) . Compare [2 Kings 2:24](../../../kjv/2-kings/2/24) .[Lamentations 3:10](../../../kjv/lamentations/3/10); [Lamentations 3:10](../../../kjv/lamentations/3/10) ).

**Shall not. ?** Figure of speech *Erotesis* ( App-6 ), for emphasis
**and no brightness.** Note the Figures of speech *Pleonasm* and *Erotesis* ( App-6 ). Some codices omit "and".

**I hate,** &c. Compare [Proverbs 21:27](../../../kjv/proverbs/21/27) , [Isaiah 1:11-14](../../../kjv/isaiah/1/11-14) .[Jeremiah 6:20](../../../kjv/jeremiah/6/20) .
**I will not smell,** &c. Reference to Pentateuch ([Leviticus 26:31](../../../kjv/leviticus/26/31) ) App-92 .
**solemn assemblies** Reference to Pentateuch ([Leviticus 23:36](../../../kjv/leviticus/23/36) . [Numbers 29:35](../../../kjv/numbers/29/35) .[Deuteronomy 16:8](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/16/8); [Deuteronomy 16:8](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/16/8) ). App-92 .

**offer** = offer up.
**burnt offerings . . . meat offerings.** See App-43 .
**I will not accept,** &c. Reference to Pentateuch ([Leviticus 1:4](../../../kjv/leviticus/1/4) . App-92 .
**peace offerings.** See App-43
**Take thou away** &c. Compare [Isaiah 1:13](../../../kjv/isaiah/1/13)
**viols** = lutes

**rundown** = roll on. Reference to Gilgal
**mighty** = inexhaustible.
**stream.** Hebrew. *nahal =* a wady, or intermittent stream; not nahar, a constant-flowing river.

**Have ye offered, &c . . . . ?** Figure of speech Erotesis. App-6 . This is a question in some codices and three early printed editions; but other codices, and four early printed editions, read it as an affirmative statement. If a question, the answer is No. See [Deuteronomy 32:17](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/32/17) . [Joshua 5:5-7](../../../kjv/joshua/5/5-7) . [Jeremiah 7:22](../../../kjv/jeremiah/7/22) , [Jeremiah 7:23](../../../kjv/jeremiah/7/23) .[Ezekiel 20:8](../../../kjv/ezekiel/20/8) , [Ezekiel 20:16](../../../kjv/ezekiel/20/16) , [Ezekiel 20:24](../../../kjv/ezekiel/20/24) .
**unto Me,** Not "unto demons". Ref to Pentateuch ([Leviticus 17:7](../../../kjv/leviticus/17/7) . [Deuteronomy 32:17](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/32/17) ). App-92 , Compare [Psalms 106:37](../../../kjv/psalms/106/37) . [1 Corinthians 10:7](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/10/7) .

**ye have borne** = borne aloft. Figure of speech *Hysteresis.* App-6 .
**tabernacle** = booth. Hebrew. *sikkuth.*
**Chiun.** The Egyptian or Greek equivalent was Remphan (Septuagint Raiphan; another spelling preserved in the Septuagint and in [Acts 7:43](../../../kjv/acts/7/43) ). Proper names frequently differ in spelling: e.g. Ethiopia is the Hebrew *Kush;* Egypt is Mizrain; Mesopotamia and Syria is 'Aram, or *'Aram naharaim, & c.*
**the star of your god:** or, your star-god.

**beyond Damascus.** In [Acts 7:43](../../../kjv/acts/7/43) beyond Babylon, which was of course "beyond Damascus", and included it, showing what was in the Divine purpose in the words of Jehovah ([Amos 5:27](../../../kjv/amos/5/27) ) by Amos. Moreover, the road to Assyria lay through Damascus. Compare [2 Kings 15:29](../../../kjv/2-kings/15/29) ; [2 Kings 16:9](../../../kjv/2-kings/16/9) . [Isaiah 8:4](../../../kjv/isaiah/8/4) .[Isaiah 3:12](../../../kjv/isaiah/3/12) . May not the Holy Spirit quote and adapt His own words as He pleases?
**saith** = hath said.

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