---
title: "Bullinger"
description: "statutes = ordinances: Godward. Exodus 12:24 , Exodus 12:43 ; Exodus 30:21 .Hebrews 9:1 .  judgments = duties and punishments, manward. First occurrence"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/bullingers-companion-bible-notes/deuteronomy/4"
---

**statutes** = ordinances: Godward. [Exodus 12:24](../../../kjv/exodus/12/24) , [Exodus 12:43](../../../kjv/exodus/12/43) ; [Exodus 30:21](../../../kjv/exodus/30/21) .[Hebrews 9:1](../../../kjv/hebrews/9/1) .
**judgments** = duties and punishments, manward. First occurrence in plural in [Exodus 21:1](../../../kjv/exodus/21/1) . The two often united. See [Deuteronomy 5:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/5/1) ; [Deuteronomy 6:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/6/1) ; [Deuteronomy 12:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/12/1) .[Malachi 4:4](../../../kjv/malachi/4/4) , &c.
**teach.** Hebrew. *lamad* (whence "Talmud") = to cause to learn. First occurrence.
**for to do.** Old English idiom: modern idiom = to do.

**Ye shall not add.** Compare Ch. [Deuteronomy 12:32](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/12/32) .[Proverbs 30:5](../../../kjv/proverbs/30/5) , [Proverbs 30:6](../../../kjv/proverbs/30/6) . [Jeremiah 23:28](../../../kjv/jeremiah/23/28) ; [Jeremiah 26:2](../../../kjv/jeremiah/26/2) .[Ezekiel 2:5](../../../kjv/ezekiel/2/5) , [Ezekiel 2:7](../../../kjv/ezekiel/2/7) . [Revelation 22:18](../../../kjv/revelation/22/18) , [Revelation 22:19](../../../kjv/revelation/22/19) .

**men.** Hebrew ' *ish* . See App-14 . Baal-peor. See note on [Deuteronomy 3:29](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/3/29) and [Numbers 25:1-5](../../../kjv/numbers/25/1-5) , [Numbers 25:9](../../../kjv/numbers/25/9) . [Psalms 106:28](../../../kjv/psalms/106/28) . [Hosea 9:10](../../../kjv/hosea/9/10) . [1 Corinthians 10:8](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/10/8) .
**destroyed** = exterminated. Hebrew. *shmadh.*

**Behold.** Figure of speech *Asterismos.* App-6 .

**understanding** = discernment.
**understanding** = discerning.

**what. ?** Figure of speech *Erotesis.* App-6 .
**God** = a god, or gods. Hebrew 'Elohim. App-4 .
**nigh** = nigh to help. Compare [Psalms 32:9](../../../kjv/psalms/32/9) ; [Psalms 34:18](../../../kjv/psalms/34/18) ; [Psalms 119:151](../../../kjv/psalms/119/151) ; [Psalms 145:18](../../../kjv/psalms/145/18) . [Nehemiah 13:4](../../../kjv/nehemiah/13/4) .

**so righteous.** See App-15 . Compare [2 Samuel 7:23](../../../kjv/2-samuel/7/23) .

**take heed.** Note the three occurrences in this chapter (verses: [Deuteronomy 4:9](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/4/9) , [Deuteronomy 4:15](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/4/15) , [Deuteronomy 4:23](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/4/23) ).
**thy soul** = thyself. Hebrew thy *nephesh* .

**Specially.** Figure of speech *Ellipsis.* App-6 . Might be supplied by the word "Remember".
**Horeb.** Occurs three times before Deut. (viz. [Exodus 3:1](../../../kjv/exodus/3/1) ; [Exodus 17:6](../../../kjv/exodus/17/6) ; [Exodus 33:6](../../../kjv/exodus/33/6) ). Sinai is the general word, but occurs only once in Deut. ([Deuteronomy 33:2](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/33/2) ).

**thick darkness.** See [Exodus 20:21](../../../kjv/exodus/20/21) , and compare Hebrew. *araphel* . [2 Samuel 22:10](../../../kjv/2-samuel/22/10) . [1 Kings 8:12](../../../kjv/1-kings/8/12) .[Psalms 97:2](../../../kjv/psalms/97/2) .

**spake.** See note on [Deuteronomy 2:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/2/1) .
**saw.** Figure of speech *Zeugma.* App-6 .: by which one verb 'saw" is used with two objects and suits only the first. A second verb "heard" must be supplied: compare [Exodus 3:16](../../../kjv/exodus/3/16) . 2Ki 11:12 . [1 Timothy 4:3](../../../kjv/1-timothy/4/3) . It is for the purpose of calling attention to the emphasis thus put on the verb "saw"; an idol being that which is *seen* .
**similitude** = appearance of form, or likeness.

**even ten.** Hebrew the ten.
**wrote.** See note on [Exodus 17:14](../../../kjv/exodus/17/14) ; only here and [Deuteronomy 10:4](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/10/4) in Deut. See also App-47 .

**me.** Emphasis on "me" to call attention to the mediation of Moses.

**yourselves** = your souls. Hebrew. *nephesh.* See [Deuteronomy 4:9](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/4/9) above and App-13 .

**graven image.** Hebrew. *p* esl = a sculpture ([Exodus 20:4](../../../kjv/exodus/20/4) ).
**figure.** Hebrew semel = only here, 2Ch 33:7 , [2 Chronicles 33:15](../../../kjv/2-chronicles/33/15) , and [Ezekiel 8:3](../../../kjv/ezekiel/8/3) , [Ezekiel 8:5](../../../kjv/ezekiel/8/5) .
**likeness** = form. Hebrew. *tablinith =* model.

**host of heaven:** sun, moon, and stars. This sin foreknown. [2 Kings 17:18](../../../kjv/2-kings/17/18) ; [2 Kings 23:4](../../../kjv/2-kings/23/4) . Compare [Amos 5:26](../../../kjv/amos/5/26) with [Acts 7:42](../../../kjv/acts/7/42) , [Acts 7:43](../../../kjv/acts/7/43) .

**iron furnace.** Compare [Genesis 15:17](../../../kjv/genesis/15/17) . Ex. [Deuteronomy 3:2](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/3/2) , [Deuteronomy 3:3](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/3/3) , [1 Kings 8:51-53](../../../kjv/1-kings/8/51-53) .[Jeremiah 11:4](../../../kjv/jeremiah/11/4) .
**to be, &c.** Compare [Exodus 19:5](../../../kjv/exodus/19/5) .[Exodus 9:29](../../../kjv/exodus/9/29) ; [Exodus 32:9](../../../kjv/exodus/32/9) .

**angry.** Compare [Deuteronomy 1:37](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/1/37) ; [Deuteronomy 3:2](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/3/2) .

**forbidden thee.** Hebrew. *zivvah,* a Homonym = to command, and to forbid. Here it = forbid, also in [Judges 13:14](../../../kjv/judges/13/14) , where it is wrongly rendered "command".

**a consuming fire.** Figure of speech *Anthropopatheia.* App-6 . Compare [Exodus 24:17](../../../kjv/exodus/24/17) . [Hebrews 12:29](../../../kjv/hebrews/12/29) .
**children** = sons.

**I call.** Figure of speech *Deasis.* App-6 . Compare [Deuteronomy 31:28](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/31/28) .
**heaven and earth** = the heavens and the earth (always plural and with Hebrew particle ' *eth* , except [Genesis 2:1](../../../kjv/genesis/2/1) . See note on [Deuteronomy 1:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/1/1) ). One of the thirteen occurrences of the Hebrew expressions noted in the Massorah. [Genesis 1:1](../../../kjv/genesis/1/1) .[Exodus 20:11](../../../kjv/exodus/20/11) ; [Exodus 31:17](../../../kjv/exodus/31/17) . [Exodus 4:26](../../../kjv/exodus/4/26) ; [Exodus 30:19](../../../kjv/exodus/30/19) ; Exo 31:28 . 2Ki 19:15 . [2 Chronicles 2:12](../../../kjv/2-chronicles/2/12) .[Isaiah 37:16](../../../kjv/isaiah/37/16) . [Jeremiah 23:24](../../../kjv/jeremiah/23/24) ; [Jeremiah 32:17](../../../kjv/jeremiah/32/17) . [Haggai 2:6](../../../kjv/haggai/2/6) , [Haggai 2:21](../../../kjv/haggai/2/21) .
**this day.** A solemn idiom, used for great emphasis. Occurs forty-two times (see App-10 ) in this book: [Deuteronomy 4:26](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/4/26) , [Deuteronomy 4:39](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/4/39) , [Deuteronomy 4:40](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/4/40) ; [Deuteronomy 5:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/5/1) ; [Deuteronomy 6:6](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/6/6) ; [Deuteronomy 7:11](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/7/11) ; [Deuteronomy 8:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/8/1) , [Deuteronomy 8:11](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/8/11) , [Deuteronomy 8:19](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/8/19) ; [Deuteronomy 9:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/9/1) , [Deuteronomy 9:3](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/9/3) ; [Deuteronomy 10:13](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/10/13) ; [Deuteronomy 10:11](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/10/11) , [Deuteronomy 10:2](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/10/2) , [Deuteronomy 10:8](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/10/8) , [Deuteronomy 10:13](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/10/13) , Deu 10:26 , Deu 10:27 , Deu 10:28 , Deu 10:32 ; [Deuteronomy 13:18](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/13/18) ; [Deuteronomy 15:5](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/15/5) , [Deuteronomy 15:15](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/15/15) ; [Deuteronomy 19:9](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/19/9) ; [Deuteronomy 26:3](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/26/3) , [Deuteronomy 26:16](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/26/16) , [Deuteronomy 26:17](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/26/17) , [Deuteronomy 26:18](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/26/18) ; [Deuteronomy 27:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/27/1) , [Deuteronomy 27:4](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/27/4) , [Deuteronomy 27:10](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/27/10) ; [Deuteronomy 28:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/1) , [Deuteronomy 28:13](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/13) , [Deuteronomy 28:14](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/14) , [Deuteronomy 28:15](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/15) ; [Deuteronomy 30:2](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/30/2) , [Deuteronomy 30:8](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/30/8) , [Deuteronomy 30:11](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/30/11) , [Deuteronomy 30:15](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/30/15) , [Deuteronomy 30:16](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/30/16) , [Deuteronomy 30:18](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/30/18) , [Deuteronomy 30:19](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/30/19) ; [Deuteronomy 32:46](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/32/46) . It is this Old Testament idiom in [Luke 23:43](../../../kjv/luke/23/43) .
**destroyed** = exterminated. Hebrew. *shmad* .

**scatter.** Hebrew. *puz* = disperse. See [Genesis 10:18](../../../kjv/genesis/10/18) ; [Genesis 11:4](../../../kjv/genesis/11/4) , [Genesis 11:9](../../../kjv/genesis/11/9) , not used in [Leviticus 26:33](../../../kjv/leviticus/26/33) , but is used in [Jeremiah 30:11](../../../kjv/jeremiah/30/11) , and frequently: also in Ezek. Compare [Deuteronomy 28:64](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/64) , and [Ezekiel 20:23](../../../kjv/ezekiel/20/23) .
**nations** = peoples.
**heathen** = nations.

**serve gods.** Compare [Daniel 5:23](../../../kjv/daniel/5/23) .[Revelation 9:20](../../../kjv/revelation/9/20) .

**thou shalt.** This agrees with the Samaritan Pentateuch Text, but the printed Hebrew Text has "ye shall".
**seek.** Compare [Leviticus 26:40](../../../kjv/leviticus/26/40) . [Jeremiah 29:13](../../../kjv/jeremiah/29/13) , &c.
**soul.** Hebrew. *nephesh.* See App-13 .

**the latter days** = the end of the days.

**He will not forsake.** First occurrence of this promise. Repeated in [Deuteronomy 31:6](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/31/6) for the journey. Repeated to Joshua for conflict, [Joshua 1:5](../../../kjv/joshua/1/5) , [Joshua 1:6](../../../kjv/joshua/1/6) ; to Solomon for work, [1 Chronicles 28:20](../../../kjv/1-chronicles/28/20) ; to us for daily provision and comfort, [Hebrews 13:5](../../../kjv/hebrews/13/5) , [Hebrews 13:6](../../../kjv/hebrews/13/6) .

**the days.** Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Adjunct), App-6 , put for the events which took place in them.
**created** (singular) These two words occur together three times ([Genesis 1:1](../../../kjv/genesis/1/1) ; [Genesis 2:3](../../../kjv/genesis/2/3) , and here).

**Did . . . ?** Figure of speech *Erotesis.* App-6 .
**God:** or, a god.
**as** = according as.

**hath . . . ?** Figure of speech *Erotesis.* App-6 .
**God:** or, a god.
**from, the midst.** Here we have the whole of Exodus, compare [Jeremiah 32:21](../../../kjv/jeremiah/32/21) .
**temptations** = trials, or, provings.
**and.** Note the Figure of speech *Polysyndeton* ( App-6 ), in this verse.
**war** = fightings. [Exodus 14:25](../../../kjv/exodus/14/25) .

**He is God.** Compare [1 Kings 18:39](../../../kjv/1-kings/18/39) . [Isaiah 45:21](../../../kjv/isaiah/45/21) .

**because.** Compare [Deuteronomy 7:7](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/7/7) ; [Deuteronomy 9:5](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/9/5) ; [Deuteronomy 10:15](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/10/15) .

**God.** Hebrew. *ha-elohlm* = the God.

**for ever** = all the days: i.e. for all time.

**Then.** Emphatic, marking the end of his first address.
**Moses.** Change to third person, not because it is now editorial, but because the first direct address is ended. See note on [Deuteronomy 1:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/1/1) .
**severed** = separated. Compare [Exodus 21:13](../../../kjv/exodus/21/13) .[Numbers 35:6-29](../../../kjv/numbers/35/6-29) .

**hated** = he hated.

**this:** i.e. which hereafter followeth. The commencement of the new section according to the Structure.
**children** = sons.

**testimonies.** Hebrew. *'ud* , to say again and again, hence, testifyings, affirmations, &c.
**statutes, and the judgments.** See note on [Deuteronomy 4:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/4/1) .

**smote.** Compare [Numbers 21:24](../../../kjv/numbers/21/24) .[Numbers 1:4](../../../kjv/numbers/1/4) .

**of Og.** Compare [Numbers 21:33](../../../kjv/numbers/21/33) .[Numbers 3:3](../../../kjv/numbers/3/3) .

**Sion.** Written for Sirion. See [Deuteronomy 3:9](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/3/9) .

**on this side** = across: a neutral term. Compare [Deuteronomy 1:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/1/1) .

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