---
title: "Bullinger"
description: "the LORD (Hebrew.  Jehovah. spake. See note on Exodus 6:10 , and compare note on Exodus 3:7 .  month . Hebrew name  Abib, or \"green-ear-month\". Becomes t"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/bullingers-companion-bible-notes/exodus/12"
---

**the LORD** (Hebrew. *Jehovah.* spake. See note on [Exodus 6:10](../../../kjv/exodus/6/10) , and compare note on [Exodus 3:7](../../../kjv/exodus/3/7) .

**month** . Hebrew name *Abib,* or "green-ear-month". Becomes the first month, and the fifteenth the ruling date, henceforth. Compare [Exodus 13:4](../../../kjv/exodus/13/4) ; [Exodus 23:15](../../../kjv/exodus/23/15) .[Deuteronomy 16:1](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/16/1) . Afterward called *Nisan* ([Nehemiah 2](../../../kjv/nehemiah/2) .[Esther 3:7](../../../kjv/esther/3/7); [Esther 3:7](../../../kjv/esther/3/7) ). "First", Compare [Exodus 40:2](../../../kjv/exodus/40/2) , [Exodus 40:17](../../../kjv/exodus/40/17) . [Leviticus 23:5](../../../kjv/leviticus/23/5) , in place of *Tisri,* which thus be-came the seventh month.

**Israel** . Some codices, with Samaritan Pentateuch, The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, Septuagint, and Syriac, read "of the sons of Israel".
**man** . Hebrew. *'ish* ( App-14 .)
**lamb** . Hebrew. *seh, "* one of a flock", i.e. a lamb or a ' kid, [Exodus 12:5](../../../kjv/exodus/12/5) . Deu 14:4 . [2 Chronicles 35:7](../../../kjv/2-chronicles/35/7) .
**house** . Fixed later (by custom) as not less than ten persons.

**it.** *Ellipsis* to be supplied by "the lamb" from verse preceding ( App-6 ).
**souls** . Hebrew, plural of *nephesh.* Verse 15, singular. See App-13 .
**eating.** Hebrew mouth. Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Cause), App-6 , mouth put for what is eaten by it.
**lamb** . Repeated at beginning of next clause in the Figure of speech *Anadiplosis* ( App-6 ) for emphasis.

**without blemish** . Even as "Christ our Passover".

**Israel** . Some codices, with Samaritan Pentateuch, The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, Septuagint, and Syriac, read "of the sons of Israel".
**kill.** Hebrew. *shahat.* See App-43 .
**in the evening** . Hebrew between the two evenings, or, according to Lightfoot, between the decline of the sun (after noon) and its setting.

**sodden** = boiled.
**with** = in.

**loins girded** , i.e. the loose flowing garments fastened up with a belt or girdle, making the men ready for action. Compare [Luke 12:35](../../../kjv/luke/12/35) , [Luke 12:37](../../../kjv/luke/12/37) ; [Luke 17:8](../../../kjv/luke/17/8) . [Acts 12:8](../../../kjv/acts/12/8) . 1Ki 18:46 . [2 Kings 4:29](../../../kjv/2-kings/4/29) ; [2 Kings 4:9](../../../kjv/2-kings/4/9) . [Ephesians 6:14](../../../kjv/ephesians/6/14) .

**gods** , or princes. But see notes on object of the several plagues.
**I am the LORD** , or I, Jehovah.

**blood . . . token** . The blood was the token for Jehovah. Faith in the fact that it had been sprinkled gave peace to all within. It was (and is) not the *act of* faith which secured, but the *truth* that was believed. If no blood, belief that it was there gave no security. If blood there, doubt as to the fact would destroy peace, but could not destroy the security, because that was grounded on Jehovah's word, and faith consists in "hearing" that. [Romans 10:17](../../../kjv/romans/10/17) . [Hebrews 11:1](../../../kjv/hebrews/11/1) , margin
**when I see the blood** . Not when you feel, or even believe. So the scarlet cord ([Joshua 2:18](../../../kjv/joshua/2/18) , [Joshua 2:19](../../../kjv/joshua/2/19) ) was for Joshua to see, not those within the house. Feelings useless apart from faith.

**leaven** = fermented bread. First occurance. See App-38 . until. Some codices, with Samaritan Pentateuch and The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, read "and until".

**And** . Some Codices, with Samaritan Pentateuch and Syriac, omit.
**man** . Hebrew. *nephesh,* soul *(* *App-13* *). Compare verses: [Exodus 12:4](../../../kjv/exodus/12/4)* *, [Exodus 12:15](../../../kjv/exodus/12/15)* *, [Exodus 12:19](../../../kjv/exodus/12/19)* *.*

**
***shall ye eat*** *(repeated). Figure of speech Pleonasm* ( App-6 ).

**kill the passover** . Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Adjunct), App-6 , "Passover" put for the lamb.

**children** = sons.

**and did** . Ten Passovers recorded (see App-10 ). [Exodus 12:28](../../../kjv/exodus/12/28) . [Numbers 9:5](../../../kjv/numbers/9/5) .[Joshua 5:10](../../../kjv/joshua/5/10) . [2 Chronicles 30:13-15](../../../kjv/2-chronicles/30/13-15) . [2 Kings 23:22](../../../kjv/2-kings/23/22) ([2 Chronicles 35:1](../../../kjv/2-chronicles/35/1) ). [Ezra 6:19](../../../kjv/ezra/6/19) . [Matthew 26:17](../../../kjv/matthew/26/17) . [Luke 2:4](../../../kjv/luke/2/4) .[John 2:13](../../../kjv/john/2/13) ; [John 6:4](../../../kjv/john/6/4) .

**at midnight** . On the fourteenth of *Abib.* See [Exodus 11:4](../../../kjv/exodus/11/4) .
**smote** . Compare [Exodus 11:5](../../../kjv/exodus/11/5) .

**called for** , i.e. sent message to.

**take your flocks** . See note on [Exodus 10:25](../../../kjv/exodus/10/25) , [Exodus 10:26](../../../kjv/exodus/10/26) , and [Exodus 10:5](../../../kjv/exodus/10/5) .
**as** = according as.

**borrowed** = asked. See note on [Exodus 3:22](../../../kjv/exodus/3/22) .
**jewels** . See note on [Exodus 11:2](../../../kjv/exodus/11/2) .

**lent** = gladly gave. Hebrew verb is in the *Hiphil* mood and = caused them to ask, i.e. the Egyptians pressed them to take.
**such things** , &c. There is no need for this addition. No Ellipsis in Hebrew

**Rameses** . City of the Sun. See note on [Exodus 1:1](../../../kjv/exodus/1/1) . Succoth = booths.
**men** . Not *'ish* , males, but Hebrew. *geber,* with art. = the strong men; or, men of military age. [Numbers 14:29](../../../kjv/numbers/14/29) . See App-14 .

**a mixed multitude** = Egyptians. Compare [Numbers 11:4](../../../kjv/numbers/11/4) .[Nehemiah 13:3](../../../kjv/nehemiah/13/3) .
**even** . Some codices, with The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, Septuagint, and Syriac, have this word, "even "in the text.

**not leavened** . Bread always unleavened when baked in haste. Compare [Genesis 18:6](../../../kjv/genesis/18/6) .

**sojourning** . Commenced with [Genesis 12](../../../kjv/genesis/12) . Quite a different subject from the *dwelling* in Egypt. See App-50 .
**Israel** = Figure of speech *Synecdoche* (of the Part), App-6 , by which one man's name, Israel, is put for his father and grandfather.
**who dwelt in Egypt** . Figure of speech *Epitrechon* ( App-6 ). A form of Parenthesis used to further define the People and connect the two parts *of* their history.
**four hundred and thirty years** . There are two reckonings *of* the sojourning: one starting from the" promise "to Abraham, [Exodus 12:40](../../../kjv/exodus/12/40) . [Galatians 1:3](../../../kjv/galatians/1/3) , [Galatians 1:14](../../../kjv/galatians/1/14) , Gal 1:17-430 years; the other starting from the recognition *of* his "seed" (Isaac), [Genesis 21:12](../../../kjv/genesis/21/12) . See [Acts 7:6](../../../kjv/acts/7/6) and = Gen 15:13400 years. N. B. 450 years to Samuel; 490 to Saul. See App-60
This *dwelling* in Egypt was only 215 years (see App-60 ); and is to be distinguished from the "sojourning", which was another 215 years. See note above.

**the selfsame day** : i.e. the fifteenth day of the seventh month. The years of the solar cycle show that it was the day that Abraham left "Ur of the Chaldees".

**much observed** . Hebrew. *shimmurim, a* night of watchings. Occurs only here.

**the LORD** (Hebrew. *Jehovah.* said. See note on [Exodus 3:7](../../../kjv/exodus/3/7) , and compare note on [Exodus 6:10](../../../kjv/exodus/6/10) .

**bought for money** . Compare [Genesis 17:12](../../../kjv/genesis/17/12) , [Genesis 17:13](../../../kjv/genesis/17/13) .

**one house** = the same house. Compare [Exodus 12:4](../../../kjv/exodus/12/4) .

**with thee** . Some codices, with Samaritan Pentateuch, The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, Targum of Onkelos, Septuagint, and Syriac, read "with you".
**no uncircumcised person shall eat** . Were they circumcised during the three days' darkness, and was the command then given, the word against which they did not rebel? ([Psalms 105:28](../../../kjv/psalms/105/28) ).

**armies** = hosts.

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