---
title: "Bullinger"
description: "burden = oracle.  Tyre. It had rejoiced in the misfortunes of Judah (Amos 1:9 ); so it is punished by the same king of Babylon (Isaiah 23:13 ). Ezekiel 2"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/bullingers-companion-bible-notes/isaiah/23"
---

**burden** = oracle.
**Tyre.** It had rejoiced in the misfortunes of Judah ([Amos 1:9](../../../kjv/amos/1/9) ); so it is punished by the same king of Babylon ([Isaiah 23:13](../../../kjv/isaiah/23/13) ). [Ezekiel 26:2-21](../../../kjv/ezekiel/26/2-21) .
**Ships of Tarshish.** See note on [Isaiah 2:16](../../../kjv/isaiah/2/16) and [1 Kings 10:22](../../../kjv/1-kings/10/22) .
**ships.** Put by Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Adjunct), for the people in them.
**house.** In this case "port".
**Chittim.** Originally used of Cyprus, but extended to the islands and coast-lands of the Mediterranean.
**it:** i.e. the fall of Tyre.

**isle.** Here, Tyre itself.
**thou whom** = which.
**pass over** = cross, in trading. In verses: [Isaiah 23:2](../../../kjv/isaiah/23/2) , [Isaiah 23:3](../../../kjv/isaiah/23/3) , [Isaiah 23:6](../../../kjv/isaiah/23/6) , [Isaiah 23:10](../../../kjv/isaiah/23/10) , [Isaiah 23:12](../../../kjv/isaiah/23/12) , imperative, implying flight.

**seed:** or, grain.
**Sihor** = the black river, the Nile (compare [Jeremiah 2:18](../../../kjv/jeremiah/2/18) ).
**harvest.** Egypt was the field, the Phoenician coast its granary.
**river.** Reference to Pentateuch. See note on [Isaiah 7:18](../../../kjv/isaiah/7/18) . "River" is here put by Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Adjunct), for the country (Egypt) through which it passes.
**she is a mart of nations:** or, it became merchandise for the nations.
**mart** = gain resulting from merchandise, as in [Isaiah 23:18](../../../kjv/isaiah/23/18) ([Isaiah 45:14](../../../kjv/isaiah/45/14) .[Proverbs 3:14](../../../kjv/proverbs/3/14) ; [Proverbs 31:18](../../../kjv/proverbs/31/18) ).

**Zidon.** Was a seaport. the mother city of Phoenicia, the granary of Egypt's harvests. The Zidonians had built Tyre on a rocky island, and connected it with the mainland.
**I travail not** = I have not travailed. The verbs which follow in [Isaiah 23:4](../../../kjv/isaiah/23/4) are in the past tense. The sea speaks to the mother Zidon: thou seekest Tyre thou findest only the sea.
**children** = sons.

**As at the report concerning &c.** : or, When the report comes to Egypt they are forthwith in terror at the report concerning Tyre.

**antiquity** = origin.
**feet.** Put by Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Subject), for the vessels in which the Tyrians fled from Nebuchadnezzar.

**crowning** = crown-giver: i.e. conferring crowns on other Phoenician cities.

**The Lord of hosts.** See note on [Isaiah 1:9](../../../kjv/isaiah/1/9) .
**stain** = pollute.

**the Lord.** Hebrew. *Jehovah.* App-4 .
**the merchant city** = Tyre, or Phoenician coast. [Hosea 12:7](../../../kjv/hosea/12/7) .
**thereof:** or, which are upon it.

**oppressed** = humbled.

**this people was not** = a people that were no people (i.e. Assyria). Tyre boasted antiquity ([Isaiah 23:7](../../../kjv/isaiah/23/7) ), Assyria was their object-lesson and warning.
**and:** or, but.
**He.** God.

**seventy years.** See [Jeremiah 25:9-11](../../../kjv/jeremiah/25/9-11) ; [Jeremiah 27:2-7](../../../kjv/jeremiah/27/2-7) . From the first year of Nebuchadnezzar (496 B.C.) to the conquest of Babylon by Cyrus (426 B.C.)
**one.** Hebrew. *ehad* , a compound unity, hence "one" of a dynasty, here, the Babylonian dynasty. Not *yahid* , a single one. See note on [Deuteronomy 6:4](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/6/4) .

**Take an harp, &c.** Figure of speech *Apostrophe* . Not a quotation.

**world** = the earth. Hebrew. *ha- arez* .
**upon** = which are upon.
**earth** = ground, or, soil. Hebrew. *ha- adamah* .

**holiness** = hallowed.
**sufficiently** = abundantly.

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