---
title: "Bullinger"
description: "The Forty-Fourth Prophecy of Jeremiah  (see book comments for Jeremiah).   Against = concerning.  Moab. Always hostile to Israel. Compare Judges 3:12 , J"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/bullingers-companion-bible-notes/jeremiah/48"
---

**The Forty-Fourth Prophecy of Jeremiah** (see book comments for Jeremiah).
****
**Against** = concerning.
**Moab.** Always hostile to Israel. Compare [Judges 3:12](../../../kjv/judges/3/12) , Jdg 3:28 ; [1 Samuel 14:47](../../../kjv/1-samuel/14/47) . [2 Samuel 8:2](../../../kjv/2-samuel/8/2) . [2 Kings 1:1](../../../kjv/2-kings/1/1) ; [2 Kings 3:4-27](../../../kjv/2-kings/3/4-27) ; [2 Kings 13:20](../../../kjv/2-kings/13/20) . In the reign of Jehoiakim they joined with the Chaldeans.
**thus saith.** As in [Numbers 21:28](../../../kjv/numbers/21/28) , [Numbers 21:29](../../../kjv/numbers/21/29) ; [Numbers 24:17](../../../kjv/numbers/24/17) (compare verses: [Jeremiah 48:45](../../../kjv/jeremiah/48/45) , [Jeremiah 48:46](../../../kjv/jeremiah/48/46) ), and [Amos 2:2](../../../kjv/amos/2/2) .
**the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel.** See note on [Jeremiah 7:3](../../../kjv/jeremiah/7/3) .
**the LORD.** Hebrew. *Jehovah.* App-4 .
**Nebo.** Not the mountain, but formerly a Reubenite possession ([Numbers 32:37](../../../kjv/numbers/32/37) , [Numbers 32:38](../../../kjv/numbers/32/38) ), now belonging to Moab.
**Kiriathaim.** Now probably *el Kureiyat,* between Medeba and Dibon.
**Misgab.** Probably = the high fort.

**Heshbon.** Now *Hesban.* The capital of Sihon king of the Amorites. Rebuilt by Reubenites ([Numbers 32:37](../../../kjv/numbers/32/37) . Compare [Joshua 13:17](../../../kjv/joshua/13/17) ).
**devised** = counselled. Note Figure of speech *Paronomasia* . *Heshbon, hashbu.*
**evil.** Hebrew. *ra'a'.* App-44 .
**be cut down** = be reduced to silence.
**Madmen.** Now *Umm Deineh,* a town in Moab twelve miles N. E. of Dibon.

**Horonaim.** Probably near Zoar. Compare [Isaiah 15:5](../../../kjv/isaiah/15/5) .

**Luhith.** *'* Now *Tal'atel Heith,* one mile west of Mount Nebo.

**lives** = soul. Hebrew. *nephesh.* App-13 .
**the heath** = naked trees. Compare [Jeremiah 17:6](../../../kjv/jeremiah/17/6) .

**thou shalt also** = thou too shalt.
**Chemosh shall go forth into captivity.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Numbers 21:29](../../../kjv/numbers/21/29) ). App-92 . See App-54 , and compare [Judges 11:24](../../../kjv/judges/11/24) . 1Ki 11:7 . [2 Kings 23:13](../../../kjv/2-kings/23/13) .

**deceitfully** = negligently: i.e. this work of judgment.

**hath been at ease.** Since Moab had driven out the Emims ([Deuteronomy 2:10](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/2/10) ).
**remained** = stood.

**behold.** Figure of speech *Asterismos.*
**saith the LORD** = [is] Jehovah's oracle.
**wanderers, that shall cause him to wander** = tilters that shall tilt him. Keeping up the symbol of a wine-jar ([Jeremiah 48:11](../../../kjv/jeremiah/48/11) ).

**as** = according as.
**the house of Israel.** See note on [Jeremiah 2:4](../../../kjv/jeremiah/2/4) . The last occurrence in Jeremiah.
**Beth-el.** Reference to the calves of Jeroboam ([1 Kings 12:29](../../../kjv/1-kings/12/29) . [Hosea 10:5](../../../kjv/hosea/10/5) ).

**men.** Hebrew, plural of *'enosh.* App-14 .

**gone up . . . her cities** = her cities have gone up, or ascended in burning.
**saith the King** = [is] the King's oracle. Compare [Jeremiah 46:18](../../../kjv/jeremiah/46/18) .
**the LORD of hosts.** See note on [Jeremiah 6:6](../../../kjv/jeremiah/6/6) .

**hasteth fast.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Deuteronomy 32:35](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/32/35) ). App-92 .

**Dibon.** Now *Dhiban.* Ruins north of the river Arnon. Compare [Jeremiah 48:22](../../../kjv/jeremiah/48/22) .

**inhabitant** = inhabitress. Reference to "daughter' ([Jeremiah 48:18](../../../kjv/jeremiah/48/18) ).
**Aroer.** Now *'Ar'air,* on the north bank of *Wady, Mojib* (Arnon).

**Arnon.** Now *Wady Mojib,* on the east side of the Dead Sea.

**Holon.** Now probably *Aleiyan* (not Holon or Hilen in Judah).
**Jahazah . . . Mephaath.** Not yet identified. Compare [Isaiah 15:4](../../../kjv/isaiah/15/4) .

**Dibon.** See [Jeremiah 48:18](../../../kjv/jeremiah/48/18) .
**Beth-diblathaim.** Also Almon-diblathaim ([Numbers 33:46](../../../kjv/numbers/33/46) , [Numbers 33:47](../../../kjv/numbers/33/47) ). Now probably *Khan Deleyat* = house of the two disks, mentioned on the Moabite stone. App-64 .

**Beth-gamul.** Now *Khan Jemail,* east of Dibon.
**Beth-meon.** Now *Tell M'ain.* Compare [Joshua 13:17](../../../kjv/joshua/13/17) .

**Kerioth.** Probably the same as Kiriathaim ([Jeremiah 48:1](../../../kjv/jeremiah/48/1) ).
**Bozrah.** Now *el Buseirah,* in Edom, south-east of the Dead Sea.

**wallow in** = stagger or splash into.

**since** = as often as, or whenever.
**skippedst for joy** = didst shake thyself in excitement, or wag thy head.

**pride** = arrogance. Note the Figure of speech *Synonymia* : six expressions, for the sake of emphasis.

**mine heart shall mourn** = must one mourn. So the St. Petersburg Codex (A.D. 916), with note that the Eastern Massorites read "I shall mourn".
**Kir-heres.** Now *Kerak,* the fortified town east of southern end of the Dead Sea.

**Sibmah.** Now probably *Sumia,* east of Jordan. Compare [Numbers 32:38](../../../kjv/numbers/32/38) .
**Jazer.** Now *Beit Zer'ah,* east of Jordan.
**plants** = branches.
**over the sea.** Probably the Dead Sea.

**wine.** Hebrew. *yayin.* App-27 .

**From the cry, &c.** or, on hearing Heshbon *'* s mournful cry.
**Elealeh.** Now *el 'Al,* a ruin near Heshbon.
**Jahaz.** A town in Reuben. Not yet identified.
**Zoar.** Now *Tell esh Shughur,* on the south side of *Wady Heshban.* Originally "Bela".
**as an heifer of three years old:** or, the third Eglath (to distinguish it from two other Eglaths), or Eglath-Shelishiyah,
**Nimrim.** Now *Wady Nimrim,* near the south end of the Dead Sea.

**high places.** See note on [1 Kings 3:3](../../../kjv/1-kings/3/3) .

**like pipes.** Used in mourning at funerals. Compare [Matthew 9:23](../../../kjv/matthew/9/23) .

**every head.** Some codices, with four early printed editions (one margin), read "For upon every head".
**bald** = baldness. The symbol of mourning. Compare [Jeremiah 47:5](../../../kjv/jeremiah/47/5) .
**upon the loins.** Some codices, with three early printed editions, Septuagint, and Vulgate, read "and upon all loins".

**the housetops.** Where they prayed to their gods. Compare [Jeremiah 19:13](../../../kjv/jeremiah/19/13) .
**streets** = broadways.

**he** = one (not named): Nebuchadnezzar understood.
**shall fly.** Codex Oriental, 2091 (British Museum), reads "shall ascend"; but the *Massorah* ( App-30 ) has a note, saying "according to other codices, it is fly" (vol, 167a).
**as an eagle.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Deuteronomy 28:49](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/49) ). App-92 .

**mighty men's.** Hebrew. *geber.* App-14 .

**Fear** = Terror.

**the fear . . . the pit . . . the pit . . . in the snare.** Note the Figure of speech *Paronomasia* . Hebrew. *h* appa- *had . . . happahath . . . happahath* . . . *bepah* .
**the year of their visitation.** See note on [Jeremiah 8:12](../../../kjv/jeremiah/8/12) .

**stood . . . because of the force** = stood strengthless; or, halted.
**a fire shall come forth out of Heshbon, &c.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Numbers 21:28](../../../kjv/numbers/21/28) ). App-92 .
**devour.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Numbers 24:17](../../../kjv/numbers/24/17) ). App-92 .
**corner:** or, flank.
**tumultuous ones** = sons of tumult.

**Woe, &c.** Figure of speech *Maledictio.* App-6 .
**the people of Chemosh.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Numbers 21:29](../../../kjv/numbers/21/29) ).
**perisheth.** Same word as "undone" in [Numbers 21:29](../../../kjv/numbers/21/29) .
**captives** = in the captivity (masculine)
**captives.** Feminine.

**bring again the captivity.** Note the Figure of speech *Paronomasia*
**the latter days** = in the end, or afterpart of the days.

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