---
title: "Bullinger"
description: "This chapter, like Lamentations 1:0 and Lamentations 2:0 , is an acrostic: the twenty-two verses commencing successively with the twenty-two letters of th"
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url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/bullingers-companion-bible-notes/lamentations/4"
---

This chapter, like [Lamentations 1](../../../kjv/lamentations/1) and [Lamentations 2](../../../kjv/lamentations/2) , is an acrostic: the twenty-two verses commencing successively with the twenty-two letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
**gold . . . most fine gold . . . fine gold.** Figure of speech *Anabasis* , which is lost in Authorized Version rendering, which should be "gold . . . fine gold . . . pure gold".

**fine gold** = pure gold. See note above.
**as earthen pitchers.** The comparison is both in the material and in the workmanship. Compare [Jeremiah 18:1-6](../../../kjv/jeremiah/18/1-6) ; [Jeremiah 19:1-10](../../../kjv/jeremiah/19/1-10) .

**ostriches.** Compare [Job 39:13-17](../../../kjv/job/39/13-17) .

**embrace.** Compare [Job 24:8](../../../kjv/job/24/8) .

**For** = And.
**punishment of the iniquity.** This is the full translation of the Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Effect): the "iniquity "being put for its consequent punishment.
**punishment of the sin.** This is the full translation of the Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Effect), App-6 , the Hebrew *chata* (sin) being put for the consequent punishment.
**overthrown, &c.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Genesis 19:25](../../../kjv/genesis/19/25) ). App-92 .
**Stayed** = travailed on her: i.e. brought it about; for the overthrow was direct from God.

**known** = recognized.

**are** = have proved.

**pitiful** = tender-hearted.
**have sodden, &c.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Deuteronomy 28:56](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/56) , [Deuteronomy 28:57](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/57) ). Compare [2 Kings 6:29](../../../kjv/2-kings/6/29) .
**children** = babes.

**The LORD.** Hebrew. *Jehovah.* App-4 .
**kindled a fire.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Deuteronomy 32:22](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/32/22) ). App-92 .

**just** = righteous ones. Compare [Matthew 23:31](../../../kjv/matthew/23/31) , [Matthew 23:37](../../../kjv/matthew/23/37) .

**polluted . . . with blood.** Reference to Pentateuch ([Numbers 19:11](../../../kjv/numbers/19/11) , [Numbers 19:16](../../../kjv/numbers/19/16) ). App-92 .

**Depart ye, &c.** Reference to Pentateuch ( Lev 18:46 ).
**heathen** = nations.

**anger** = face. Put by Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Effect), App-6 , as manifesting the anger felt.
**persons** = face. Put by Figure of speech *Synecdoche* (of the Part), for the whole person.

**persecutors** = pursuers.
**swifter than the eagles.** Ref, to Pentateuch ([Deuteronomy 28:49](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/28/49) ).

**breath.** Hebrew. *ruach.* App-9 .
**the anointed:** i.e. Zedekiah was still Jehovah's "anointed", even as Saul was ([1 Samuel 26:9](../../../kjv/1-samuel/26/9) , 1Sa 26:11 , [1 Samuel 26:16](../../../kjv/1-samuel/26/16) , [1 Samuel 26:23](../../../kjv/1-samuel/26/23) ).
**pits** = toils. Occurs only here and [Psalms 107:20](../../../kjv/psalms/107/20) . Hebrew. *shichith.* Compare [Jeremiah 2:6](../../../kjv/jeremiah/2/6) .

**Rejoice, &c.** Said in solemn irony. the land of Uz. See notes on p. 666, and App-62 .
**naked.** Between [Lamentations 4:21](../../../kjv/lamentations/4/21) and [Lamentations 4:22](../../../kjv/lamentations/4/22) lies the whole of this present Dispensation. See App-63 and App-72 .

**accomplished** = completed.
**visit** = punish, as in [Lamentations 4:6](../../../kjv/lamentations/4/6) . See note there.

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