---
title: "Bullinger"
description: "Then. Immediately after His anointing as Messiah, \"the second man\" (1 Corinthians 15:47 ), \"the last Adam\" (1 Corinthians 15:45 ), must be tried like \"th"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/bullingers-companion-bible-notes/matthew/4"
---

**Then.** Immediately after His anointing as Messiah, "the second man" ([1 Corinthians 15:47](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/15/47) ), "the last Adam" ([1 Corinthians 15:45](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/15/45) ), must be tried like "the first man Adam" ([1 Corinthians 15:45](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/15/45) , [1 Corinthians 15:47](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/15/47) ), and in the same three ways ([1 John 2:16](../../../kjv/1-john/2/16) . Compare with [Genesis 3:6](../../../kjv/genesis/3/6) ).
**Jesus.** See App-98 .
**of** = by. Greek. *hupo.* App-104 .
**the Spirit.** App-101 .
**into.** Greek. *eis.* App-104 .
**wilderness.** The first man was in the garden; Messiah's trial was in the wilderness, and His agony in a garden. Contrast Israel: fed with manna and disobedient, Christ hungered and obedient.
**tempted** = tried, or put to the test. Greek. *peirazo;* from *peiro,* to pierce through, so as to test.

**forty.** The number of probation ( App-10 ).
**nights.** Joined thus with "days", are complete periods of twenty-four hours. See App-144 .

**when. . . came,** &c.= having approached Him and said.
**the tempter=** he who was tempting Him. See App-116 .
**came to Him :** as to our first parents, Adam and Eve, App-119 .
**he said.** See App-116 for the two sets of three temptations, under different circumstances, with different words and expressions; and, in a different order in [Matthew 4](../../../kjv/matthew/4) from that in [Luke 4](../../../kjv/luke/4) . It is nowhere said that there were "three" or only three; as it is nowhere said that there were "three" wise men in [Matthew 2](../../../kjv/matthew/2) .
**If.** Greek *ei,* with the indicative mood, assuming and taking it for granted as an actual fact.
**" If Thou art ? "** App-118 . Same as in [Matthew 4:6](../../../kjv/matthew/4/6) , but not the same as in [Matthew 4:9](../../../kjv/matthew/4/9) .
**the Son of God.** Compare this with [Matthew 3:17](../../../kjv/matthew/3/17) , on which the question is based. See App-98 .
**command that** = speak, in order that.
**these stones:** in this the fourth temptation; but in the first temptation = "this stone" ([Luke 4:3](../../../kjv/luke/4/3) ).
**be made** = become.
**bread** = loaves.

**It is written** = It standeth written. This is the Lord's first ministerial utterance; three times. Compare the last three ([John 17:8](../../../kjv/john/17/8) , [John 17:14](../../../kjv/john/17/14) , [John 17:17](../../../kjv/john/17/17) ). The appeal is not to the spoken voice ([Matthew 3:17](../../../kjv/matthew/3/17) ) but to the written Word. Quoted from [Deuteronomy 8:3](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/8/3) . See App-107 and App-117 .
**Man.** Greek. *anthropos.* App-123 .
**by** = upon. Greek. *epi.* App-104 .
**alone** = only.
**word** = utterance. out of = by means of, or through. Greek. *dia.* App-104 .[Matthew 4:1](../../../kjv/matthew/4/1) . Note the connection of the "hunger" and the "forty" days here, and the same in [Deuteronomy 8:3](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/8/3) .
**God.** See App-98 .

**Then.** The fifth temptation. See App-116 .
**taketh.** Greek. *paralambano.* Compare *ago,* of [Luke 4:9](../../../kjv/luke/4/9) . See the usage of *paralambano,* [Matthew 17:1](../../../kjv/matthew/17/1) , implying authority and constraint This is the third temptation in Luke ([Luke 4:9](../../../kjv/luke/4/9) ), and the difference of the order is explained in App-116 . Both Gospels are correct and true.
**the holy city.** So called in [Matthew 27:53](../../../kjv/matthew/27/53) .[Revelation 11:2](../../../kjv/revelation/11/2) .[Nehemiah 11:1](../../../kjv/nehemiah/11/1) .[Isaiah 48:2](../../../kjv/isaiah/48/2) ; [Isaiah 52:1](../../../kjv/isaiah/52/1) . Dan 9:44 . The Arabs still call it *El Kuds* = the holy place. It was so called on account of the Sanctuary.
**holy.** See note on [Exodus 3:5](../../../kjv/exodus/3/5) .
**a pinnacle** = the wing. Greek. *to pterugion,* used of that part of the Temple (or Holy Place) where "the abomination of desolation" is to stand, according to Theodotion (a fourth reviser of the Sept about the middle of cent. 2). See note on [Daniel 9:27](../../../kjv/daniel/9/27) ; and compare [Luke 4:9](../../../kjv/luke/4/9) and [Matthew 24:15](../../../kjv/matthew/24/15) .
**temple** = the temple buildings; not *naoa,* the house itself or Sanctuary. See note on [Matthew 23:16](../../../kjv/matthew/23/16) .

**cast Thyself down.** An attempt upon His life. See App-23 , and note on [Matthew 23:16](../../../kjv/matthew/23/16) .
**it is written.** Satan can quote Scripture and garble it by *omitting* the essential words "to keep Thee in all Thy ways", and by *adding* "at any time". Quoted from [Psalms 91:11](../../../kjv/psalms/91/11) , [Psalms 91:12](../../../kjv/psalms/91/12) (not [Matthew 4:13](../../../kjv/matthew/4/13) ; see note there).
**in** = upon. Greek. *epi,* as "on" in [Matthew 4:5](../../../kjv/matthew/4/5) .
**against.** Greek. *pros.* App-104 .

**Thou, &c.** Quoted from [Deuteronomy 6:16](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/6/16) ( App-107 . c).
**not.** Greek. *ou.* See App-105 .
**tempt.** Note the words which follow: "as ye tempted Him in Massah". A reference to [Exodus 17:7](../../../kjv/exodus/17/7) shows that there it was to doubt Jehovah's presence and care. It was the same here.
**the LORD** = Jehovah.

**Again, &c** This should be "The devil taketh Him again", implying that he had taken Him there before, as "It is written again" in [Matthew 4:7](../../../kjv/matthew/4/7) . See App-117 . This is the *second* temptation in Luke ([Luke 4:5](../../../kjv/luke/4/5) ).
**taketh.** As in [Matthew 4:5](../../../kjv/matthew/4/5) ; not *anago,* "leadeth up", as in [Luke 4:5](../../../kjv/luke/4/5) .
**exceeding.** Not so in [Luke 4:5](../../../kjv/luke/4/5) ; because there it is only *oikoumene,* the inhabited world, or Roman empire ( App-129 .); here it is *kosmos* ( App-129 .)
**kingdoms.** See App-112 .
**world.** Greek. *kosmos,* the whole world as created. See App-129 .

**All these.** Compare [Luke 4:6](../../../kjv/luke/4/6) and see App-116 .
**if.** See App-118 . Not the same as in [Matthew 4:3](../../../kjv/matthew/4/3) and [Matthew 4:6](../../../kjv/matthew/4/6) .
**wilt fall down.** Not in Luke.
**worship** = do homage. App-137 .

**Get thee hence** = Go! This is the end, and the Lord ends it. In [Luke 4:13](../../../kjv/luke/4/13) , after the third temptation, Satan "departed" of his own accord and only "for a season". Here, after the last, Satan is summarily dismissed, not to return. See App-116 .
**Satan** = the Adversary. Septuagint for Hebrew. *Satan.*
**Thou shalt, &c.** Quoted from [Deuteronomy 11:3](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/11/3) , [Deuteronomy 11:4](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/11/4) . See App-107 , and App-117 .
**only** = alone, as in [Matthew 4:4](../../../kjv/matthew/4/4) . Quoted from [Deuteronomy 6:13](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/6/13) ; where the possession of the earth ([Matthew 4:10](../../../kjv/matthew/4/10) ) depends on loyalty to God ([Matthew 4:12](../../../kjv/matthew/4/12) ), Who gives it ([Matthew 4:10](../../../kjv/matthew/4/10) ); and on obedience to Him (verses: [Matthew 4:17](../../../kjv/matthew/4/17) , [Matthew 4:18](../../../kjv/matthew/4/18) ).

**behold.** Figure of speech *Asterismos* ( App-6 ), for emphasis.
**angels came, &c.** Thus closing the whole of the Temptations. No such ministration at the end of the third temptation in [Luke 4:13](../../../kjv/luke/4/13) .

**cast into prison** = delivered up. There is no Greek for "into" or "prison". No disciples had yet been called (verses: [Matthew 4:18-22](../../../kjv/matthew/4/18-22) ); therefore John could not yet have been in prison; for, after the calling of disciples ([John 2:2](../../../kjv/john/2/2) , [John 2:11](../../../kjv/john/2/11) ) John was "not yet cast into prison"([John 3:24](../../../kjv/john/3/24) *, eis ten phulaken).* There is no "inaccuracy"or "confusion". *Paradidomi* is rendered "cast (or put) in prison" only here and [Mark 1:14](../../../kjv/mark/1/14) , out of 122 occurrences. It means "to deliver up", and is so rendered ten times, and "deliver" fifty-three times. Compare [Matthew 5:25](../../../kjv/matthew/5/25) ; [Matthew 10:17](../../../kjv/matthew/10/17) , [Matthew 10:19](../../../kjv/matthew/10/19) , [Matthew 10:21](../../../kjv/matthew/10/21) ; [Matthew 24:9](../../../kjv/matthew/24/9) , &c. The "not yet" of [John 3:24](../../../kjv/john/3/24) (Greek. *oupo.* App-105 .) implies that previous attempts and perhaps official inquiries had been made, following probably on the unofficial inquiry of [John 1:19-27](../../../kjv/john/1/19-27) . John's being "delivered up" may have led to this departure of Jesus from Judea. Christ's ministry is commenced at [Matthew 4:12](../../../kjv/matthew/4/12) .[Mark 1:14](../../../kjv/mark/1/14) .[Luke 4:14](../../../kjv/luke/4/14); [Luke 4:14](../../../kjv/luke/4/14) and [John 1:35](../../../kjv/john/1/35) , before the call of any disciples.
**departed** = withdrew.

**in** = at. Greek. *eis* App-104 .
**Capernaum.** Jewish authorities identify *Kaphir Nakhum* with *Kaphir Temkhum,* since corrupted into the modern *Tell Hum.* App-169 . A Synagogue has been discovered in the present ruins. For events at Capernaum, see [Matthew 8](../../../kjv/matthew/8) , [Matthew 9](../../../kjv/matthew/9) , [Matthew 17](../../../kjv/matthew/17) , [Matthew 18](../../../kjv/matthew/18) . [Mark 1](../../../kjv/mark/1) .
**upon the sea coast.** Greek. *parathalassios.* Occurs only here.

**That** = In order that.
**spoken.** As well as written.
**by** = by means of. Greek. *dia.*
**Esaias** = Isaiah.

**The land, &c.** Quoted from [Isaiah 9:1](../../../kjv/isaiah/9/1) , [Isaiah 9:2](../../../kjv/isaiah/9/2) . See App-107 . "Land" is nom., not vocative.
**Galilee.** See App-169 .
**Gentiles** = nations.

**sat** = was sitting.
**saw.** App-133 .:1.
**light.** App-130 .
**the region and shadow, &c.** Figure of speech *Hendiadys* ( App-6 ) = "darkness, [yea] the dark shadow of death", or death's darkness.
**sprung up** = risen for them.

**From.** Gk. *apo.* App-104 .
**From that time.** Each portion of the Lord's fourfold ministry had a distinct beginning or ending. See the Structure (above).
**preach** = proclaim. See App-121 .
**Repent.** Greek. *metanoeo.* App-111 .
**the kingdom of heaven.** See App-114 .
**heaven** = the heavens. See notes on [Matthew 6:9](../../../kjv/matthew/6/9) , [Matthew 6:10](../../../kjv/matthew/6/10) .
**is at hand** = is drawn nigh.

**by** = beside. Greek. *para.* App-104 .
**a net** = a large net. Greek. *amphiblestron.* Not the same word as in [Matthew 4:20](../../../kjv/matthew/4/20) , or [Matthew 13:47](../../../kjv/matthew/13/47) .

**fishers of men.** A Talmudic expression: "A fisher of the Law" (Maimonides, *Torah,* cap. I).

**nets.** Plural *diktuon.* Not the same word as in [Matthew 4:18](../../../kjv/matthew/4/18) , or [Matthew 13:47](../../../kjv/matthew/13/47) .

**other.** Greek. *allos.* App-124 .
**James . . . John.** See App-141 .
**Zebedee.** Aramaean. See App-94 .
**a** = the. These calls were to discipleship, not apostleship.
**with.** Greek. *meta.* App-104 .
**mending** = setting in order. See App-125 .

**all** = the whole. Put by Pig. *Synecdoche* (of the Whole) for all parts. App-6 .
**synagogues.** See App-120 .
**the gospel** = the glad tidings.
**of** = relating to.
**all manner of** = every. Put by Pig. *Synecdoche* (of the Whole), for some of all kinds.
**disease.** Greek. *malakia.* Occurs only in Matthew: here; [Matthew 9:35](../../../kjv/matthew/9/35) ; [Matthew 10:1](../../../kjv/matthew/10/1) .

**fame** = hearing. Put by Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of the Adjunct), App-6 , for what was heard.
**throughout** = unto. Greek. *eis.*
**diseases.** Greek. *nosos,* translated sickness in [Matthew 4:23](../../../kjv/matthew/4/23) .
**devils** = demons. Compare [Matthew 12:26](../../../kjv/matthew/12/26) , [Matthew 12:27](../../../kjv/matthew/12/27) . [Mark 3:22](../../../kjv/mark/3/22) , [Mark 3:26](../../../kjv/mark/3/26) .
**were lunatick.** Greek. *seleniazomai.* Occurs only here, and [Matthew 17:15](../../../kjv/matthew/17/15) . From *selene =* the moon.

**Galilee.** App-169 .
**and.** Note the Figure of speech *Polysyndeton.* App-6 .

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