---
title: "Bullinger"
description: "Better. See note on Proverbs 8:11 .  the poor = a needy one. Hebrew.  rush. See note on Proverbs 6:11 . Same as in verses: Proverbs 19:7 , Proverbs 19:22"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/bullingers-companion-bible-notes/proverbs/19"
---

**Better.** See note on [Proverbs 8:11](../../../kjv/proverbs/8/11) .
**the poor** = a needy one. Hebrew. *rush.* See note on [Proverbs 6:11](../../../kjv/proverbs/6/11) . Same as in verses: [Proverbs 19:7](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/7) , [Proverbs 19:22](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/22) ; not the same as in verses: [Proverbs 19:4](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/4) , [Proverbs 19:17](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/17) .
**he that is.** Figure of speech *Ellipsis* ( App-6 ), better supplied thus: "Than [the rich that is] perverse", &c.
**lips.** Put by Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Cause), for what is spoken by them.
**fool.** Hebrew. *kesil* . See note on [Proverbs 1:7](../../../kjv/proverbs/1/7) . Same word as in verses: [Proverbs 19:10](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/10) , [Proverbs 19:13](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/13) , [Proverbs 19:29](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/29) ; not the same as in [Proverbs 19:3](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/3) .

**not good.** Illustrations: Syrians ([1 Kings 20:28](../../../kjv/1-kings/20/28) ); Jews ([Isaiah 5:12](../../../kjv/isaiah/5/12) , [Isaiah 5:13](../../../kjv/isaiah/5/13) ); Saul ([1 Timothy 1:13](../../../kjv/1-timothy/1/13) .[Acts 26:11](../../../kjv/acts/26/11); [Acts 26:11](../../../kjv/acts/26/11) ); People and Priests ([Hosea 4:6](../../../kjv/hosea/4/6) ); Pharisees ([Matthew 12:7](../../../kjv/matthew/12/7) ); Judah ([Hosea 6:6](../../../kjv/hosea/6/6) ); Peter ([Matthew 16:22](../../../kjv/matthew/16/22) ); the rulers ([Acts 13:27](../../../kjv/acts/13/27) . [1 Corinthians 2:8](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/2/8) ); Job ([Job 33:8](../../../kjv/job/33/8) , [Job 33:9](../../../kjv/job/33/9) ; [Job 34:5](../../../kjv/job/34/5) , [Job 34:9](../../../kjv/job/34/9) , [Job 34:35](../../../kjv/job/34/35) ; [Job 35:16](../../../kjv/job/35/16) ; [Job 42:3](../../../kjv/job/42/3) , [Job 42:5](../../../kjv/job/42/5) , [Job 42:6](../../../kjv/job/42/6) ); Hezekiah ([2 Chronicles 32:31](../../../kjv/2-chronicles/32/31) ); Peter ([Luke 22:33](../../../kjv/luke/22/33) , [Luke 22:34](../../../kjv/luke/22/34) ).
**hasteth, &c.** Illustrations: Joshua ([Joshua 9:15](../../../kjv/joshua/9/15) ); Saul ([1 Samuel 13:9](../../../kjv/1-samuel/13/9) , 1Sa 13:10 , [1 Samuel 13:13](../../../kjv/1-samuel/13/13) , [1 Samuel 13:14](../../../kjv/1-samuel/13/14) ; [1 Samuel 14:24-45](../../../kjv/1-samuel/14/24-45) ); David ([2 Samuel 16:4](../../../kjv/2-samuel/16/4) ); the Prophet ([1 Kings 13:18](../../../kjv/1-kings/13/18) , [1 Kings 13:19](../../../kjv/1-kings/13/19) ); Peter ([John 18:10](../../../kjv/john/18/10) ).
**sinneth.** Hebrew. *chata* App-44 .

**foolishness.** Hebrew. *'evil.* See note on [Proverbs 1:7](../../../kjv/proverbs/1/7) . Not the same word as in verses: [Proverbs 19:1](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/1) , [Proverbs 19:10](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/10) , [Proverbs 19:13](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/13) , [Proverbs 1:29](../../../kjv/proverbs/1/29) .
**man.** Hebrew. *'adam.* App-14 .
**perverteth:** or subverteth.
**fretteth against** = is angry with. Illustrations: Adam ([Genesis 3:12](../../../kjv/genesis/3/12) ); Cain ([Genesis 4:13](../../../kjv/genesis/4/13) , [Genesis 4:14](../../../kjv/genesis/4/14) ); Jehoram ([2 Kings 3:10](../../../kjv/2-kings/3/10) , [2 Kings 3:13](../../../kjv/2-kings/3/13) ; [2 Kings 6:33](../../../kjv/2-kings/6/33) ); Jonah ([Jonah 4:1](../../../kjv/jonah/4/1) , [Jonah 4:4](../../../kjv/jonah/4/4) , [Jonah 4:9](../../../kjv/jonah/4/9) ); Israel ([Numbers 14:2](../../../kjv/numbers/14/2) , [Numbers 14:3](../../../kjv/numbers/14/3) ; [Numbers 20:2-5](../../../kjv/numbers/20/2-5) ; [Numbers 21:4-6](../../../kjv/numbers/21/4-6) . [Deuteronomy 9:23](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/9/23) , [Deuteronomy 9:24](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/9/24) ).
**the LORD.** Hebrew. *Jehovah.* App-4 .

**the poor** = a weak one. Hebrew. *dal.* See note on [Proverbs 6:11](../../../kjv/proverbs/6/11) . Same word as in [Proverbs 19:17](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/17) ; not the same word as in verses: [Proverbs 19:1](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/1) , [Proverbs 19:7](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/7) , [Proverbs 19:22](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/22) .

**unpunished** = acquitted, or held innocent.
**speaketh** = breatheth forth.

**him that giveth gifts.** Hebrew a man of gifts = a generous man.

**go far** = withdraw.
**pursueth, &c.:** or, seeketh words [of friendship], but there are none.

**wisdom.** Hebrew "heart", put by Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Adjunct), for the understanding. See note on [Proverbs 1:2](../../../kjv/proverbs/1/2) .
**understanding.** Hebrew. *btnah.* See note on [Proverbs 1:2](../../../kjv/proverbs/1/2) .

**A false witness, &c.** The repetition of [Proverbs 19:6](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/6) is needed, and punishment is denned.

**Delight** = Luxury.

**deferreth his anger.** Illustrations: Joseph ([Genesis 40:15](../../../kjv/genesis/40/15) ); Moses ([Numbers 12](../../../kjv/numbers/12) ); David ([1 Samuel 24](../../../kjv/1-samuel/24) ; [1 Samuel 26:5](../../../kjv/1-samuel/26/5) , &c.); the Prophet ([1 Kings 13:6](../../../kjv/1-kings/13/6) , &c).

**dew** = night mist.

**is the calamity** = is a great trouble to. Hebrew "troubles" (plural) for great trouble. Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Effect), put for action of the foolish son which brings it on.

**a prudent wife.** See [Proverbs 18:22](../../../kjv/proverbs/18/22) .

**keepeth** = guardeth.
**die** = die prematurely.

**Chasten** = Correct, or discipline.
**let not, &c.** This is not a caution against excess of severity, but against a cruel kindness which ends in death, by withholding seasonable correction.

**A man of great wrath** = one in a rage (compare [Daniel 11:44](../../../kjv/daniel/11/44) . Compare [2 Kings 22:13](../../../kjv/2-kings/22/13) ).
**shall suffer** = suffereth.
**suffer punishment** = incurreth a penalty. Hebrew. *'onesh =* a fine, or indemnity. (Oxford Gesenius).
**thou deliver** = thou rescue him [by paying the penalty] thou must do it continually.

**instruction** = correction, or discipline.

**many devices** = many schemes.
**Nevertheless, &c.** Illustrations: Joseph's brethren ([Genesis 37:19](../../../kjv/genesis/37/19) , &c. Compare [Psalms 76:10](../../../kjv/psalms/76/10) ); Pharaoh ([Exodus 1:10](../../../kjv/exodus/1/10) . Compare [Exodus 15](../../../kjv/exodus/15) ); the rulers ([Matthew 27:63-66](../../../kjv/matthew/27/63-66) ); Saul ([Acts 9:1](../../../kjv/acts/9/1) , [Acts 9:2](../../../kjv/acts/9/2) . Compare verses: [Proverbs 19:3-9](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/3-9) , &c.); Herod ([Acts 12:1-3](../../../kjv/acts/12/1-3) . Compare verses: [Proverbs 19:5-19](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/5-19) ); the forty Jews ([Acts 23:12-15](../../../kjv/acts/23/12-15) ).

**man.** Hebrew. *'adam.* App-14 . This word stands in relation to *'ish* in [Proverbs 19:21](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/21) , and to a poor man in next clause = here, the commonest sort of man, or ordinary man.
**is, &c.** = is [measured by] his kindness.
**better.** See note on [Proverbs 8:11](../../../kjv/proverbs/8/11) .
**a liar.** Hebrew an *'ish* [a man of the better sort who is] a liar. This proverb does not "remain a riddle".
**The structure** above is addressed to "My Son" [Proverbs 19:27](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/27) , [Proverbs 23:15](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/15) , [Proverbs 23:19](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/19) , [Proverbs 23:26](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/26) ; [Proverbs 24:13](../../../kjv/proverbs/24/13) , [Proverbs 24:21](../../../kjv/proverbs/24/21) ); and is all in the Second Person: "THOU" ([Proverbs 19:20](../../../kjv/proverbs/19/20) ; [Proverbs 22:24](../../../kjv/proverbs/22/24) , [Proverbs 22:25](../../../kjv/proverbs/22/25) , [Proverbs 22:26](../../../kjv/proverbs/22/26) , [Proverbs 22:27](../../../kjv/proverbs/22/27) ; [Proverbs 23:1](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/1) , [Proverbs 23:5](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/5) , [Proverbs 23:6](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/6) , [Proverbs 23:13](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/13) , [Proverbs 23:14](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/14) , [Proverbs 23:19](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/19) , [Proverbs 23:31](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/31) , [Proverbs 23:34](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/34) ; [Proverbs 24:1](../../../kjv/proverbs/24/1) , [Proverbs 24:10](../../../kjv/proverbs/24/10) , [Proverbs 24:11](../../../kjv/proverbs/24/11) , [Proverbs 24:12](../../../kjv/proverbs/24/12) ); "THEE" ([Proverbs 22:19](../../../kjv/proverbs/22/19) , [Proverbs 22:20](../../../kjv/proverbs/22/20) , [Proverbs 22:21](../../../kjv/proverbs/22/21) , [Proverbs 22:27](../../../kjv/proverbs/22/27) ; [Proverbs 23:7](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/7) ); "THY" ([Proverbs 22:18](../../../kjv/proverbs/22/18) ; [Proverbs 23:16](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/16) , [Proverbs 23:22](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/22) , [Proverbs 23:25](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/25) ; [Proverbs 24:10](../../../kjv/proverbs/24/10) , [Proverbs 24:27](../../../kjv/proverbs/24/27) , [Proverbs 24:34](../../../kjv/proverbs/24/34) ); "THINE" ([Proverbs 23:12](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/12) , [Proverbs 23:15](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/15) , [Proverbs 23:17](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/17) , [Proverbs 23:18](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/18) , [Proverbs 23:19](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/19) , [Proverbs 23:33](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/33) ); "THYSELF" ([Proverbs 24:27](../../../kjv/proverbs/24/27) ).

**The fear of the LORD** . See note on [Proverbs 1:7](../../../kjv/proverbs/1/7) .
**life.** Hebrew, plural implying resurrection and eternal life.
**evil.** Hebrew. *ra'a'.* App-44 .

**bosom** = bowl or wide dish. [2 Kings 21:13](../../../kjv/2-kings/21/13) . Compare [Matthew 26:23](../../../kjv/matthew/26/23) .

**scorner** = scoffer.
**will beware** = will be made wise (note the force of the *Hiphil).* Illustrations: Israel ([Exodus 14:31](../../../kjv/exodus/14/31) ); the stubborn ([Deuteronomy 21:21](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/21/21) ); Gibeonites ([Joshua 9:3](../../../kjv/joshua/9/3) ); Sergius Paulus ([Acts 13:6-12](../../../kjv/acts/13/6-12) ).
**reprove** = set right.
**and he will understand knowledge** = will cause teaching to be discerned. Compare [Proverbs 22:17](../../../kjv/proverbs/22/17) .

**wasteth** = preyeth upon.

**my son.** The presence of this word here and in [Proverbs 23:15](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/15) , [Proverbs 23:19](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/19) , [Proverbs 23:26](../../../kjv/proverbs/23/26) ; [Proverbs 24:13](../../../kjv/proverbs/24/13) , [Proverbs 24:21](../../../kjv/proverbs/24/21) , together with the employment of the second person, shows that these are proverbs *for* Solomon. See note under Structure above.
**words** = sayings. Hebrew. *imrah.* App-73 .

**An ungodly witness.** Hebrew "A witness of Belial": i.e. a false witness.
**mouth.** Put by Figure of speech *Metonymy* (of Cause), App-6 , for the witness given by it.
**the wicked** = lawless ones. Hebrew. *rasha'.* App-44 .

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