---
title: "Clarke"
description: "restore the mortgaged estates, and free their servants, 4-13. Nehemiah"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/nehemiah/5"
---

*restore the mortgaged estates, and free their servants*, 4-13.
*Nehemiah's generosity and liberality*, 14-17.
*The daily provision for his table*, 18, 19.
NOTES ON CHAP. V

Verse [Nehemiah 5:2](../../../kjv/nehemiah/5/2). ***We, our sons, and our daughters, are many*** — Our families are larger than we can provide for; we are obliged to go in debt; and our richer brethren take advantage of our necessitous situation, and oppress us. The details which are given in the next verse are sufficiently plain.

Verse [Nehemiah 5:3](../../../kjv/nehemiah/5/3). ***Because of the dearth.*** — About the time of Zerubbabel, God had sent a judicial dearth upon the land, as we learn from *Haggai*, [Haggai 1:9](../../../kjv/haggai/1/9), c., for the people it seems were more intent on building houses for themselves than on rebuilding the house of the Lord: "Ye looked for much, and, lo, it is come to little because of mine house that is waste; and ye run, every man unto his own house. Therefore the heaven over you is stayed from dew, and the earth is stayed from her fruit. And I called for a drought upon the land, and upon the mountains, and upon the corn, and upon the new wine, and upon the oil, and upon that which the ground brought forth; and upon men, and upon cattle, and upon all the labour of the hands." This dearth might have been continued, or its effects still felt; but it is more likely that there was a *new* dearth owing to the great number of people, for whose support the land that had been brought into cultivation was not sufficient.

Verse [Nehemiah 5:4](../../../kjv/nehemiah/5/4). ***We have borrowed money*** — This should be read, *We have* *borrowed money for the king's tribute on our lands and vineyards*. They had a tax to pay to the Persian king in token of their subjection to him, and though it is not likely it was heavy, yet they were not able to pay it.

Verse [Nehemiah 5:5](../../../kjv/nehemiah/5/5). ***We bring in to bondage our sons*** — The law permitted parents to sell their children in times of extreme necessity, [Exodus 21:7](../../../kjv/exodus/21/7).

Verse [Nehemiah 5:7](../../../kjv/nehemiah/5/7). ***Ye exact usury*** — This was expressly contrary to the law of God; and was doubly cruel at this time, when they were just returning out of the land of their captivity, and were suffering from the effects of a *dearth*. Some think that it was about the time of a Sabbatical year, when their land must have lain at rest without cultivation, and during which they were expressly commanded not to exact any debt. [Deuteronomy 15:2](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/15/2).
***I set a great assembly against them.*** — Brought all these delinquents before the rulers of the people.

Verse [Nehemiah 5:9](../../../kjv/nehemiah/5/9). ***Ought ye not to walk in the fear of our God*** — If ye wish to *accredit* that religion ye profess which comes from the God of *justice* and *mercy*; should you not, in the sight of the heathen, abstain from *injustice* and *cruelty*? Can they credit your profession, when they see such practices? The inconsistent conduct of some professors of religion does much harm in the Church of God.

Verse [Nehemiah 5:11](../../../kjv/nehemiah/5/11). ***Also the hundredth part of the money*** — *Houbigant* contends,
1. That the word מאת *meath*, which *we* and the *Vulgate* translate one *hundredth* part, never means so anywhere; and
2. That it would have answered no end to have remitted to people so distressed merely the *one hundredth part* of the money which had been taken from them by usury.
He understands מאת *meath* as signifying the same as מן את *min eth*, contracted into מאת *meeth*, a preposition and demonstrative particle joined together, *also a part* FROM THE *money*. Neither the *Syriac, Septuagint*, nor *Arabic* acknowledges this *hundredth* part. Some think that the *hundredth* part is that which they obliged the poor debtors to pay each month, which would amount to what we would call *twelve per* *cent*. interest for the money lent, or the debt contracted. See the *introduction*.

Verse [Nehemiah 5:13](../../../kjv/nehemiah/5/13). ***Also I shook my lap*** — This was a significant action frequent among the Hebrews; and something of the same nature was practised among other nations. "When the Roman ambassadors entered the senate of Carthage, they had their toga gathered up in their bosom. They said, We carry here *peace* and *war*; you may have *which* you will. The senate answered, You may give *which* you please. They then *shook their toga*, and said, We bring you war. To which all the senate answered, We cheerfully accept it." See *Livy*. lib. xxi., cap. 18; and see *Calmet*.

Verse 14. ***I and my brethren have not eaten the bread of the**********governor.*** — From what is related here, and in the following verse, we find that the table of the governor was always supplied by the people with *bread* and *wine*; and, besides, they had *forty shekels* per diem for their other expenses. The people were also greatly oppressed by the *servants* and *officers* of the governor; but, during the *twelve years* that Nehemiah had been with them, he took not this salary, and ate none of their bread. Nor were his servants permitted to take or exact any thing from them. Having such an example, it was scandalous for their chiefs, priests, and nobles, thus to oppress an afflicted and distressed people.

Verse 16. ***Neither bought we any land*** — Neither he nor his officers took any advantage of the necessities of the people, to buy their lands, &c. He even made his own servants to work at the wall.

Verse 17. ***A hundred and fifty of the Jews*** — He kept *open house*, entertained *all comers*; besides having *one hundred and fifty* Jews who had their food constantly at his table, and at his expense. To be able to bear all these expenses, no doubt Nehemiah had saved money while he was cup-bearer to the Persian king in *Susa*.

Verse 18. ***One ox*****, and*****six choice sheep*** — This was food sufficient for more than *two hundred* men.
***Once in ten days store of all sorts of wine*** — It is supposed that every *tenth* day they drank wine; at all other times they drank *water*; unless we suppose the meaning of the phrase to be, that his servants laid *in a stock* of wine every ten days. Though the Asiatics drank sparingly of wine, yet it is not very likely that, in a case such as that above, *wine* was tasted only *thrice* in each month.
Bishop *Pococke* mentions the manner in which the *bey* of *Tunis* lived. He had daily *twelve sheep*, with *fish, fowls, soups*, *oranges, eggs, onions, boiled rice*, c., c., His *nobles* dined with him after they had done, the *servants* sat down and, when they had finished, the *poor* took what was left. Here is no mention of a *fat ox*; but there were *six sheep* at the bey's table *more* than were at the table of Nehemiah: so the *twelve sheep* were equal to *six sheep* and *one ox*. Probably the mode of living between these *two* was nearly alike.

Verse [Nehemiah 5:19](../../../kjv/nehemiah/5/19). ***Think upon me, my God, for good*** — Nehemiah wishes for no reward from *man*; and he only asks *mercy* at the hand of his God for what his *providence* enabled him to do; and which, according to the good hand of his God upon him, he had done *faithfully*. He does not offer his *good deeds* to God in extenuation *of* his *sins*, or as a *compensation* for the *heaven* he expected. Nothing of the kind: he simply says, what any good man might say, My God, *as* I have done good to them, *so* do good to me; or as the poet has sung: -
"Teach me to feel another's wo,
To hide the fault I see:
The mercy I to others show,
That mercy show to me!" POPE.

This is according to the precept of Christ: "Forgive, and ye shall be forgiven; give, and it shall be given unto you."

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