---
title: "Clarke"
description: "CHAPTER XXXIV The land of Canaan is described, 1, 2. The south quarter, 3-5. The western border, 6. The north border, 7-9. The east border, 10-12. This la"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/numbers/34"
---

CHAPTER XXXIV
*The land of Canaan is described*, 1, 2.
*The* south *quarter*, 3-5.
*The* western *border*, 6.
*The* north *border*, 7-9.
*The* east *border*, 10-12.
*This land to be divided by lot among the* nine tribes and half,
13;
*two tribes and half, Reuben and Gad, and the half of Manasseh*,
*having already got their inheritance on the east side of Jordan*,
14, 15.
*Eleazar the priest, and Joshua, to assist in dividing the land*,
16, 17;
*and with them a chief out of every tribe*, 18.
*The names of the twelve chiefs*, 19-29.
NOTES ON CHAP. XXXIV

Verse [Numbers 34:2](../../../kjv/numbers/34/2). ***The land of Canaan with the coasts thereof*** — All description here is useless. The situation and boundaries of the land of Canaan can only be known by actual survey, or by consulting a good map.

Verse [Numbers 34:3](../../../kjv/numbers/34/3). ***The salt sea*** — The Dead Sea, or lake Asphaltites. [Genesis 19:25](../../../kjv/genesis/19/25); [Genesis 19:25](../../../kjv/genesis/19/25).

Verse [Numbers 34:5](../../../kjv/numbers/34/5). ***The river of Egypt*** — The eastern branch of the river Nile; or, according to others, a river which is south of the land of the Philistines, and fails into the gulf or bay near *Calieh*.

Verse [Numbers 34:6](../../../kjv/numbers/34/6). ***Ye shall even have the great sea for a border*** — The *Mediterranean* Sea, called here the *Great Sea*, to distinguish it from the *Dead Sea*, the *Sea of Tiberias*, &c., which were only a sort of *lakes*. In Hebrew there is properly but one term, ים *yam*, which is applied to all *collections* of water apparently stagnant, and which is generally translated *sea*. The Greek of the New Testament follows the Hebrew, and employs, in general, the word θαλασσα, SEA, whether it speaks of the *Mediterranean*, or of the *sea* or *lake* of *Galilee*.

Verse [Numbers 34:11](../../../kjv/numbers/34/11). ***The sea of Chinnereth*** — The same as the *sea of* *Galilee, sea of Tiberias*, and *sea of Gennesareth*.

Verse [Numbers 34:12](../../../kjv/numbers/34/12). ***The border shall go down to Jordan*** — This river is famous both in the Old and New Testaments. It takes its rise at the foot of Mount Libanus, passes through the sea of *Chinnereth* or *Tiberias*, and empties itself into the lake *Asphaltites* or Dead Sea, from which it has no outlet. In and by it God wrought many miracles. God cut off the waters of this river as he did those of the Red Sea, so that they stood on a heap on each side, and the people passed over on dry ground. Both *Elijah* and *Elisha* separated its waters in a miraculous way, [2 Kings 2:8-14](../../../kjv/2-kings/2/8-14). *Naaman*, the Syrian general, by washing in it at the command of the prophet, was miraculously cured of his leprosy, [2 Kings 5:10-14](../../../kjv/2-kings/5/10-14). In this river *John* baptized great multitudes of Jews; and in it was CHRIST himself baptized, and the Spirit of God descended upon him, and the voice from heaven proclaimed him the great and only Teacher and Saviour of men, [Matthew 3:16-17](../../../kjv/matthew/3/16-17); [Mark 1:5-11](../../../kjv/mark/1/5-11).

Verse [Numbers 34:13](../../../kjv/numbers/34/13). ***This is the land which ye shall inherit by lot*** — Much of what is said concerning this land is peculiarly emphatic. It is a land that contains a multitude of advantages in its climate, its soil, situation, c. It is bounded on the *south* by a *ridge of* *mountains*, which separate it from *Arabia*, and screen it from the burning and often pestiferous winds which blow over the desert from that quarter. On the *west* it is bounded by the *Mediterranean* *Sea* on the *north*, by Mount *Libanus*, which defends it from the cold northern blasts; and on the *east* by the *river Jordan*, and its fertile, well-watered plains. It is described by God himself as "a good land, a land of brooks of water, of fountains, and depths that spring out of valleys and hills; a land of wheat, and barley, and vines, and fig trees, and pomegranates; a land of olive oil and honey; a land wherein there was no scarcity of bread, and where both iron and copper mines abounded," [Deuteronomy 8:7-9](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/8/7-9): a land finely diversified with hills and valleys, and well watered by the rain of heaven, in this respect widely different from Egypt; a land which God cared for, on which his eyes were continually placed from the beginning to the end of the year; watched over by a most merciful Providence; in a word, a land which flowed with milk and honey, and was the most pleasant of all lands; [Deuteronomy 11:11-12](../../../kjv/deuteronomy/11/11-12); [Ezekiel 20:6](../../../kjv/ezekiel/20/6). Such was *the land*, and such were the advantages that this most favoured people were called to possess. They were called to possess it *by lot* that each might be satisfied with his possession, as considering it to be appointed to him by the especial providence of God; and its boundaries were ascertained on Divine authority, to prevent all covetousness after the territories of others.

Verse [Numbers 34:19](../../../kjv/numbers/34/19). - c. ***And the names of the men - are these*** — It is worthy of remark that Moses does not follow any order hitherto used of placing the tribes, neither that in chap. i., nor that in chap. vii., nor that in chap. xxvi., nor any other but places them here exactly in that order in which they possessed the land.
1. Judah;
2. Simeon;
3. Benjamin;
4. Dan;
5. Manasseh;
6. Ephraim;
7. Zebulun;
8. Issachar;
9. Asher;
10. Naphtali.
*Judah* is first, having the first lot; and he dwelt in the south part of the land, [Joshua 15:1](../../../kjv/joshua/15/1), c. and next to him *Simeon*, because his inheritance was *within the* *inheritance of the children of Judah*, [Joshua 19:1](../../../kjv/joshua/19/1). *Benjamin* was *third*; he had his inheritance by Judah, *between the* *children of Judah and the children of Joseph*, [Joshua 18:11](../../../kjv/joshua/18/11). *Dan* was the *fourth*; his lot fell westward of that of Benjamin, in the country of the Philistines, as may be seen in [Joshua 19:40-41](../../../kjv/joshua/19/40-41), c. *Fifth, Manasseh* and *sixth*, by him, his brother *Ephraim*, whose inheritances were behind that of Benjamin, [Joshua 16:7](../../../kjv/joshua/16/7). Next to these dwelt, *seventh, Zebulun*; and *eighth, Issachar*; concerning whose lots see [Joshua 19:10-17](../../../kjv/joshua/19/10-17). *Ninth, Asher*; and *tenth, Naphtali*; see [Joshua 19:24](../../../kjv/joshua/19/24); [Joshua 19:32](../../../kjv/joshua/19/32), c.
And as in encamping about the tabernacle they were arranged according to their *fraternal* relationship, (see [Numbers 2:1-31](../../../kjv/numbers/2/1-31)), so they were in the division and inheriting of the promised land. *Judah* and *Simeon*, both sons of *Leah*, dwelt abreast of each other. *Benjamin*, son of *Rachel*, and *Dan*, son of *Rachel's* maid, dwelt next abreast. *Manasseh* and *Ephraim*, both sons of *Joseph*, son of *Rachel*, had the next place abreast. *Zebulun* and *Issachar*, who dwelt next together, were both sons of *Leah* and the last pair were *Asher*, of *Leah's maid*, and *Naphtali*, of *Rachel's maid*. Thus God, in nominating princes that should divide the land, signified beforehand the manner of their possession, and that they should be so situated as to dwell together as brethren in unity, for the mutual help and comfort of each other. See *Ainsworth*. In this arrangement there is much skill, judgment, and kindness every where displayed.

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