---
title: "Clarke"
description: "The Hebrew, and nearly all the Versions, give the following title to this Psalm: A prayer of the afflicted, when he is overwhelmed, and pours out his sigh"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/psalms/102"
---

The *Hebrew*, and nearly all the *Versions*, give the following *title* to this Psalm: *A prayer of the afflicted, when he is* *overwhelmed, and pours out his sighing before the Lord*. There seems to be little doubt that this is the prayer of the captives in Babylon, when, towards the end of the captivity, they were almost worn out with oppression, cruelty, and distress. The Psalm has been attributed to *Daniel*, to *Jeremiah*, to *Nehemiah*, or to some of the other *prophets* who flourished during the time of the captivity. The author of the Epistle to the Hebrews has applied the *twenty-fifth, twenty sixth*, and *twenty-seventh* verses to our Lord, and the perpetuity of his kingdom.
Verse [Psalms 102:1](../../../kjv/psalms/102/1). ***Hear my prayer*** — The chief parts of the Psalm answer well to the title: it is the *language of the deepest distress*, and well directed to *Him* from whom alone help can come.

Verse [Psalms 102:3](../../../kjv/psalms/102/3). ***My days are consumed like smoke*** — He represents himself (for the psalmist speaks in the name of the people) under the notion of a *pile of combustible matter*, placed upon a *fire*, which soon consumes it; part flying away in *smoke*, and the residue lying on the hearth in the form of *charred coal* and *ashes*. The *Chaldeans* were the *fire*, and the *captive Jews* the *fuel*, thus converted into *smoke* and *ashes*.

Verse [Psalms 102:4](../../../kjv/psalms/102/4). ***My heart is smitten, and withered like grass*** — The metaphor here is taken from grass cut down in the meadow. It is first *smitten* with the *scythe*, and then *withered* by the *sun*. Thus the Jews were smitten with the judgments of God; and they are now withered under the fire of the *Chaldeans*.

Verse [Psalms 102:6](../../../kjv/psalms/102/6). ***I am like a pelican of the wilderness*** — It may be the *pelican* or the *bittern*. The original, קאת *kaath*, is mentioned [Leviticus 11:18](../../../kjv/leviticus/11/18), and is there described. See the note. [Leviticus 11:18](../../../kjv/leviticus/11/18).
***Owl of the desert.*** — כוש *cos*, some species of *owl*; probably the night raven. See the notes referred to above.

Verse [Psalms 102:7](../../../kjv/psalms/102/7). ***As a sparrow alone*** — צפור *tsippor*, seems to be often used for any small bird, such as the *swallow, sparrow*, or the like. *Bochart* supposes the *screech owl* is intended.

Verse [Psalms 102:8](../../../kjv/psalms/102/8). ***They that are mad against me are sworn against me.*** — The Chaldeans are determined to destroy us; and they have bound themselves *by oath* to do it. See a similar case related [Acts 23:12-14](../../../kjv/acts/23/12-14), where a number of Jews had bound themselves by an *oath* neither to eat nor drink till they had slain Paul.

Verse [Psalms 102:9](../../../kjv/psalms/102/9). ***I have eaten ashes like bread*** — Fearful of what they might do, we all humbled ourselves before thee, and sought thy protection; well knowing that, unless we were supernaturally assisted, we must all have perished; our enemies having sworn our destruction.

Verse [Psalms 102:10](../../../kjv/psalms/102/10). ***For thou hast lifted me up, and cast me down.*** — Thou hast lifted me on high, that thou Lightest dash me down with the *greater force*. We were *exalted* in thy *favour* beyond any people, and now thou hast made us the *lowest* and most *abject* of the children of men.

Verse [Psalms 102:11](../../../kjv/psalms/102/11). ***My days*****are*****like a shadow that declineth*** — Or rather, *My days decline like the shadow*. I have passed my *meridian*, and the sun of my prosperity is about to set for ever. There may be here an allusion to the declination of the sun towards the south, which, by shortening their days, would greatly lengthen their nights. Similar to the exclamation of a contemporary prophet, [Jeremiah 8:20](../../../kjv/jeremiah/8/20): "The harvest is past, the summer is ended, and we are not saved." There is now scarcely any human hope of our deliverance.

Verse [Psalms 102:12](../../../kjv/psalms/102/12). ***But thou, O Lord, shalt endure for ever*** — Our life is a shadow; we can scarcely be called *beings* when compared with thee, for thou art *eternal*. Have mercy upon us, *creatures of a day*, and thy kindness shall be a *memorial* in all our *generations*.

Verse [Psalms 102:13](../../../kjv/psalms/102/13). ***Thou shalt arise*****, and*****have mercy upon Zion*** — While he is humbled at the footstool of mercy, and earnestly praying for mercy, an answer of peace is given; he is assured, not only that they *shall be delivered*, but that the time of deliverance is *at* *hand*. The *set time*-the *seventy* years predicted by Jeremiah, was ended; and God gave him to see that he was ever mindful of his promises.

Verse [Psalms 102:14](../../../kjv/psalms/102/14). ***Thy servants take pleasure in her stones*** — Though Jerusalem was at this time in a heap of ruins, yet even her rubbish was sacred in the eyes of the pious; for this had been *the* *city of the great King*.

Verse [Psalms 102:15](../../../kjv/psalms/102/15). ***So the heathen shall fear the name of the Lord*** — It is granted that after the edict of Cyrus to restore and rebuild Jerusalem, which was about *four hundred and ninety* years before Christ, the name of the true God was more generally known among the heathen; and the translating the Sacred Writings into Greek, by the command of Ptolemy Philadelphus, king of Egypt, about *two* *hundred and eighty-five* years before the Christian era, spread a measure of the light of God in the Gentile world which they had not before seen. Add to this, the dispersion of the Jews into different parts of the Roman empire, after Judea became a Roman province, which took place about *sixty* years before the advent of our Lord; and we may consider these as so many preparatory steps to the conversion of the heathen by the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ. And to this last general illumination of the Gentile world the psalmist must allude here, when he speaks of "the heathen fearing God's name, and all the kings of the earth his glory."

Verse [Psalms 102:16](../../../kjv/psalms/102/16). ***When the Lord shall build up Zion*** — It is such a difficult thing, so wholly improbable, so far out of the reach of human power, that when God does it, he must manifest his power and glory in a most extraordinary manner.

Verse [Psalms 102:17](../../../kjv/psalms/102/17). ***The prayer of the destitute*** — הערער *haarar* of him who is laid in utter ruin, who is entirely wasted.

Verse [Psalms 102:18](../../../kjv/psalms/102/18). ***The people which shall be created*** — "The Gentiles, who shall be brought to the knowledge of salvation by Christ," as the *Syriac* states in its inscription to this Psalm: how often the conversion of the soul to God is represented as a *new creation*, no reader of the New Testament need be told. See [Ephesians 2:10](../../../kjv/ephesians/2/10); [Ephesians 4:24](../../../kjv/ephesians/4/24); [2 Corinthians 5:17](../../../kjv/2-corinthians/5/17); [Galatians 6:15](../../../kjv/galatians/6/15). Even the publication of the Gospel, and its influence among men, is represented under the notion of "creating a new heaven and a new earth," [Isaiah 65:17-18](../../../kjv/isaiah/65/17-18).

Verse [Psalms 102:19](../../../kjv/psalms/102/19). ***For he hath looked down*** — This, with the three following verses, seems to me to contain a glorious prophecy of the incarnation of Christ, and the gathering in of the Jews and the Gentiles to him. *The Lord looks down from heaven*, and sees the whole earth groaning and travailing in pain; his eye affects his heart, and he purposes their salvation.

Verse [Psalms 102:20](../../../kjv/psalms/102/20). ***To hear the groaning*** — By sin, all the inhabitants of the earth are *miserable*. They have broken the Divine laws, are under the arrest of judgment, and all cast into *prison*. They have been tried, *found guilty*, and *appointed to die*; they *groan* under their chains, are alarmed at the prospect of death, and implore mercy.

Verse [Psalms 102:21](../../../kjv/psalms/102/21). ***To declare the name of the Lord*** — To publish that Messenger of the Covenant in whom the name of the Lord is, that Messiah in whom the fulness of the Godhead dwelt; and to commence at *Jerusalem*, that the first offers of mercy might be made to the Jews, from whom the word of reconciliation was to go out to all the ends of the earth.

Verse [Psalms 102:22](../../../kjv/psalms/102/22). ***When the people are gathered together*** — When all the *Gentiles* are enlightened, and the kings of the earth brought to pay homage to the King of kings.

Verse [Psalms 102:23](../../../kjv/psalms/102/23). ***He weakened my strength in the way*** — We are brought so low in our captivity by oppression, by every species of hard usage, and by death, that there is now no hope of our restoration by any efforts of our own.

Verse [Psalms 102:24](../../../kjv/psalms/102/24). ***I said, O my God*** — This and the following verses seem to be the *form of prayer* which the captives used previously to their deliverance.
***Thy years*****are*****throughout all generations.*** — This was a frequent argument used to induce God to hear prayer. We are *frail* and *perishing*; thou art *everlasting*: deliver us, and we will glorify thee.

Verse [Psalms 102:25](../../../kjv/psalms/102/25). ***Of old hast thou laid the foundation*** — None taught of God ever imagined the world to have been *eternal*. *Of old*, לפנים lephanim, before there were any *faces* or *appearances*, thou didst lay the foundations of the earth. It was created by thee; it did not grow by *accretion* or *aggregation* from a *pre-existent nucleus*. There was *nothing*; and thou didst produce *being - substance* or *matter*. Out of that created matter thou didst make the *earth* and the *heavens*.

Verse [Psalms 102:26](../../../kjv/psalms/102/26). ***They shall perish*** — Nothing can be eternal *a parte* *ante*, or *a parte post*, but thyself. Even that which thou hast created, because not necessarily *eternal*, must be perishable; necessary *duration* belongs to God only; and it is by his will and energy alone that universal nature is preserved in existence, and preserved from running into speedy disorder, decay, and ruin.
***Yea, all of them shall wax old*** — Every thing must *deteriorate*, unless *preserved* by thy *renewing* and *invigorating energy*. Even the *heavens* and the *earth* are subject to this law; for that which is not, from the infinite perfection of its own nature, ETERNAL, must be perishable; therefore the heavens and the earth must necessarily come to an end. They contain the *seeds* of their own dissolution. It is true that in sublunary things, the *vicissitudes* *of seasons* is a sort of check to the principle of dissolution; but it only partially corrects this tendency. Even the productions of the earth *wear out* or *deteriorate*. Plant the same seed or grain for several years consecutively, and it degenerates so as at last not to be worth the labour of tillage, however expensively the soil may be manured in which it is planted. I may instance in *wheat* and in the *potatoe*, the two grand supporters of life in European countries. All other seeds and plants, as far as they have fallen under my observation, are subject to the same law.

Verse [Psalms 102:27](../../../kjv/psalms/102/27). ***But thou*****art*****the same*** — ואתה הוא *veattah HU, but* *thou art HE*, that is, *The ETERNAL*; and, consequently, he who only has *immortality*.
***Thy years shall have no end.*** — לא יתמו *lo yittammu*, "they shall not be completed." Every thing has its revolution-its conception, growth, perfection, decay, dissolution, and death, or corruption. It may be said that *regeneration* restores all these substances; and so it does in a measure, but not without *deterioration*. The *breed of animals*, as well as *vegetables, wears out*; but God's eternal round has *no completion*. I repeat it, - what is *necessarily* *eternal* is unchangeable and imperishable; all created beings are perishable and mutable, because not eternal. God alone is eternal; therefore God alone is imperishable and immutable.

Verse [Psalms 102:28](../../../kjv/psalms/102/28). ***The children of thy servants shall continue*** — Thy *Church* shall be permanent, because founded *on thee*; it shall live throughout all the revolutions of time. And as thy followers are made *partakers of the Divine nature*, they shall live in *union* *with God* in the other world, deriving *eternal duration* from the *inexhaustible Fountain* of *being*. Nothing can be permanent but by God's supporting and renewing influence.
There are *two* general parts in this Psalm: -
I. A description of the calamities of the Church, under the person of an afflicted man, [Psalms 102:1-11](../../../kjv/psalms/102/1-11).
II. The consolation afforded in these calamities, and the ground of it, [Psalms 102:12-28](../../../kjv/psalms/102/12-28).
I. The description, c., is formed into a *prayer* proposed in the *two first verses*: -
1. "Hear my prayer."
2. "Hide not thy face."
In this prayer he complains, and shows his wretched state by various metaphors or figures.
1. A consumption of strength: "My days are consumed."
2. From continual *weeping*: "My bones cleave to my skin."
3. From his *solitude*: "Like a pelican in the wilderness."
4. From his continual *watching*: "I watch, and am like a sparrow," c.
5. From the *reproach* of his enemies. "Mine enemies reproach me."
6. From his *sadness*: "I have eaten ashes like bread."
All these increased, from a *sense of God's displeasure*.
1. "Because of thine indignation."
2. Because of his *sufferings*: "Thou hast lifted me up, and hast cast me down."
3. And the *effect* produced: "My days are as a shadow."
II. He comforts himself in the promises of God: -
1. "I am withered like grass: but thou shalt endure for ever."
2. I shall soon be forgotten "but thy remembrance is unto all generations."
3. Thou seemest to take no heed: but "thou wilt arise."
He was the more confident, -
1. Because the *set time* to favour Zion was come.
2. This he saw more clearly from the *concern* with which God had filled the hearts of the people: "Thy servants take pleasure in her stones."
3. He consoled himself in the prospect of the *conversion of the* *heathen* themselves: "So the heathen shall fear thy name."
4. For this he gives a particular reason: Because "the Lord shall build up Zion."
5. And he will do this, because of the *prayers of the people*: "He will regard the prayer," c.
This should be done in such a *manner*, that, -
1. *Record* should be made of it: "This shall be written."
2. And it should be a blessing to those that were unborn: "The people which shall be created shall praise the Lord."
And for this he assigns the *proper reasons*.
1. "The Lord looked down from heaven."
2. "He heard the groans of the prisoners."
These mercies call for *gratitude* and *obedience*: -
1. They should "declare the name of the Lord."
2. And this will take place "when the people are gathered together," &c.
The psalmist fears that he shall *not live* to see this deliverance: -
1. "For he weakened my strength in the way, - he shortened my days."
2. Yet he earnestly desires to see it: "Take me not away."
To strengthen this petition, he pleads God's *unchangeableness* and he proves God to be *eternal*, because he is *immutable*.
1. Not so the *earth*, for it had a *beginning*: "Of old thou hast laid," c.
2. Not so the *heavens* for they are "the work of thy hands."
3. Neither shall they continue: "They shall perish," c.
But God is *always the same*. Every thing that is *mutable* acquires by its change some *property, quality, form* or *accident*, which *it* *had not before*: but God, being an infinite Spirit, and infinitely perfect, can suffer no loss, can have no addition. For as he *wants* *nothing*, nothing can be *added* to him as he *inhabits eternity*, nothing can be *taken from him*. In him, therefore, there is no possibility of *change* and, consequently, none of *decay* or *perishing*.
From these considerations the psalmist draws this comfortable conclusion: -
1. His Church and servants shall continue also: "The children of thy servants," - the apostles, with the patriarchs, shall dwell in thy kingdom - in the new Jerusalem.
2. "And their seed;" as many as are begotten by the Gospel, if they remain in the faith that works by love, "shall be established," - persevere, remain, continue *before thee* - live in thy presence for ever. As thou art eternal, so thou wilt unite them to thyself and make *them* eternally happy.

```json
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/#website","url":"https://realbiblebelievers.com","name":"Real Bible Believers","description":"RBB","publisher":{"@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/#/schema/person/e966585dde703268e7f6ae890ea98509"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/search?q={search_term_string}","query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/psalms/102#primaryimage","inLanguage":"en-US","url":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/images/missing.jpg","contentUrl":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/images/missing.jpg","width":640,"height":370,"caption":"Clarke's Commentary -  Psalms 102"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/psalms/102#webpage","url":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/psalms/102","name":"Clarke's Commentary -  Psalms 102","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/psalms/102#primaryimage"},"datePublished":null,"dateModified":null,"author":{"@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/#/schema/person/e966585dde703268e7f6ae890ea98509"},"description":"The Hebrew, and nearly all the Versions, give the following title to this Psalm: A prayer of the afflicted, when he is overwhelmed, and pours out his sigh","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/psalms/102#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/psalms/102"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/psalms/102#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/","url":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/","name":"Home"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries","url":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries","name":"Commentaries"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary","url":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary","name":"Clarke's Commentary"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"item":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/psalms","url":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/psalms","name":"Psalms"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"item":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/psalms/102","url":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/clarkes-commentary/psalms/102","name":"102"}}]},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/#/schema/person/e966585dde703268e7f6ae890ea98509","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/#personlogo","inLanguage":"en-US","url":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/android-chrome-512x512.png","contentUrl":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/android-chrome-512x512.png","width":512,"height":512},"logo":{"@id":"https://realbiblebelievers.com/#personlogo"},"sameAs":["https://twitter.com/RBiblebeliever","https://www.facebook.com/RBibleBelievers"]}]}
```