---
title: "Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible -  Ephesians 3"
description: "CHAPTER 3   :-. HIS APOSTOLIC
OFFICE TO MAKE
KNOWN THE MYSTERY
OF CHRIST REVEALED
BY THE SPIRIT:
PRAYER THAT BY THE SAME
SPIRIT THEY
MAY COMPREHEND
THE VA"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/commentary-critical-and-explanatory-on-the-whole-bible/ephesians/3"
---

CHAPTER 3

. HIS APOSTOLIC
OFFICE TO MAKE
KNOWN THE MYSTERY
OF CHRIST REVEALED
BY THE SPIRIT:
PRAYER THAT BY THE SAME
SPIRIT THEY
MAY COMPREHEND
THE VAST LOVE
OF CHRIST: DOXOLOGY
ENDING THIS
DIVISION OF THE EPISTLE.
As the first chapter treated of
THE FATHER'S
office; and the second, THE
SON'S, so this, that of
THE SPIRIT.

**1. of Jesus Christ**—*Greek,*
"Christ Jesus." The *office* is the prominent thought
in the latter arrangement; the *person,* in the former. He here
marks the *Messiahship* of "Christ," maintained by him
as the origin of his being a "prisoner," owing to the
jealousy of the Jews being roused at his preaching it to *the
Gentiles.* His very bonds were profitable to ("for" or
"in behalf of you") Gentiles ([Ephesians 3:13](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/13);
[2 Timothy 2:10](../../../kjv/2-timothy/2/10)). He digresses at "For
this cause," and does not complete the sentence which he had
intended, until [Ephesians 3:14](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/14), where
he resumes the words, "For this cause," namely, because I
know this your call of God as Gentiles ([Ephesians 3:14](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/14)), to be "fellow-heirs" with the Jews ([Ephesians 3:14](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/14)), "I bow my knees to" the Father of our common
Saviour ([Ephesians 3:14](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/14); [Ephesians 3:15](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/15))
to confirm you in the faith by His Spirit. "I Paul,"
expresses the agent employed by the Spirit to enlighten them, after
he had been first enlightened himself by the same Spirit ([Ephesians 3:3-5](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/3-5);
[Ephesians 3:9](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/9)).

**2. If**—The *Greek* does
not imply doubt: "Assuming (what I know to be the fact, namely)
that ye have heard," c. "If, as I presume," The
indicative in the *Greek* shows that no doubt is implied:
"Seeing that doubtless," &c. He by this phrase
delicately reminds them of their having heard from himself, and
probably from others subsequently, the fact. See 
showing that these words do not disprove the address of this Epistle
*to the Ephesians.* Compare .
**the dispensation**—"The
office of dispensing, as a steward, the grace of God which was (not
'is') given me to you-ward," namely, to dispense to you.

**3. he made known**—The oldest
manuscripts read, "That by revelation *was* the mystery
(namely, of the admission of the Gentiles, [Ephesians 3:6](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/6);
[Ephesians 1:9](../../../kjv/ephesians/1/9)) *made known* unto
me ([Galatians 1:12](../../../kjv/galatians/1/12))."
**as I wrote afore**—namely,
in this Epistle ([Ephesians 1:9](../../../kjv/ephesians/1/9);
[Ephesians 1:10](../../../kjv/ephesians/1/10)), the words of which he
partly repeats.

**4. understand my knowledge**—"perceive
my understanding" [ALFORD],
or "intelligence." "When ye read," implies that,
deep as are the mysteries of this Epistle, the way for all to
understand them is to *read* it ([2 Timothy 3:15](../../../kjv/2-timothy/3/15);
[2 Timothy 3:16](../../../kjv/2-timothy/3/16)). By *perceiving his
understanding* of the mysteries, they, too, will be enabled to
understand.
**the mystery of Christ**—The
"mystery" is Christ Himself, once hidden, but now revealed
([Colossians 1:27](../../../kjv/colossians/1/27)).

**5. in other ages**—*Greek,*
"generations."
**not made known**—He does
not say, "has not been *revealed.*" Making known by
*revelation* is the source of making known by preaching
[BENGEL]. The former was
vouchsafed only to the prophets, in order that they might make known
the truth so revealed to men in general.
**unto the sons of men**—men
in their state by birth, as contrasted with those illuminated "by
the Spirit" (*Greek,* "IN
the Spirit," compare [Revelation 1:10](../../../kjv/revelation/1/10)),
[Matthew 16:17](../../../kjv/matthew/16/17).
**as**—The mystery of the
call of the Gentiles (of which Paul speaks here) was not unknown to
the Old Testament prophets ([Isaiah 56:6](../../../kjv/isaiah/56/6);
[Isaiah 56:7](../../../kjv/isaiah/56/7); [Isaiah 49:6](../../../kjv/isaiah/49/6)).
But they did not know it with the same explicit distinctness "As"
it has been now known ([Acts 10:19](../../../kjv/acts/10/19);
[Acts 10:20](../../../kjv/acts/10/20); [Acts 11:18-21](../../../kjv/acts/11/18-21)).
They probably did not know that the Gentiles were to be admitted
without circumcision or that they were to be on a level with the Jews
in partaking of the grace of God. The gift of "the Spirit"
in its fulness was reserved for the New Testament that Christ might
thereby be glorified. The epithet, "holy," marks the
special consecration of the New Testament "prophets" (who
are here meant) by the Spirit, compared with which even the Old
Testament prophets were but "sons of men" ([Acts 11:18-44](../../../kjv/acts/11/18-44), and elsewhere).

**6.** Translate, "That the
Gentiles *are,*" c. "and *fellow members* of the
same body, and *fellow* partakers of *the* (so the oldest
manuscripts read, not 'HIS')
promise, in Christ *Jesus* (added in the oldest manuscripts),
*through* the Gospel." It is "in Christ Jesus"
that they are made "fellow heirs" in the inheritance of
GOD: "of the same
body" under the Head, CHRIST
JESUS and "fellow
partakers of the promise" in the communion of THE
HOLY SPIRIT
([Ephesians 1:13](../../../kjv/ephesians/1/13); [Hebrews 6:4](../../../kjv/hebrews/6/4)).
The Trinity is thus alluded to, as often elsewhere in this Epistle
([Ephesians 2:19](../../../kjv/ephesians/2/19); [Ephesians 2:20](../../../kjv/ephesians/2/20);
[Ephesians 2:22](../../../kjv/ephesians/2/22)).

**7. Whereof**—"of which"
Gospel.
**according to**—in
consequence of, and in accordance with, "the gift of the grace
of God."
**given**—"which (gift
of grace) was given to me by (*Greek,* 'according to,' as in
[Ephesians 3:20](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/20); [Ephesians 1:19](../../../kjv/ephesians/1/19):
as the result of, and in proportion to) the effectual working (*Greek,*
'energy,' or 'in-working') of His power."

**8. am**—Not merely *was* I
in times past, but I still am the least worthy of so high an office
(compare [1 Timothy 1:15](../../../kjv/1-timothy/1/15), end).
**least of all saints**—not
merely "of all *apostles*" ([1 Corinthians 15:9](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/15/9);
[1 Corinthians 15:10](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/15/10)).
**is**—*Greek,* "has
been given."
**among**—omitted in the
oldest manuscripts Translate, "to *announce* to the
Gentiles *the glad tidings* of the unsearchable ([1 Corinthians 15:10](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/15/10)) riches," namely, of Christ's *grace* ([Ephesians 1:7](../../../kjv/ephesians/1/7);
[Ephesians 2:7](../../../kjv/ephesians/2/7)). [Ephesians 2:7](../../../kjv/ephesians/2/7), "unsearchable" as a mine inexhaustible, whose
treasures can never be fully explored ([Ephesians 3:18](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/18);
[Ephesians 3:19](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/19)).

**9. to make all men see**—*Greek,*
"to enlighten all" ([Ephesians 1:18](../../../kjv/ephesians/1/18);
[Psalms 18:28](../../../kjv/psalms/18/28); [Hebrews 6:4](../../../kjv/hebrews/6/4)).
"All" (compare [Colossians 1:28](../../../kjv/colossians/1/28)).
**fellowship**—The oldest
manuscripts read, "economy," or "dispensation"
(compare [Colossians 1:25](../../../kjv/colossians/1/25); [Colossians 1:26](../../../kjv/colossians/1/26);
and see on [Ephesians 1:10](../../../kjv/ephesians/1/10), above).
"To make all see how it hath seemed good to God at this time to
*dispense* (through me and others, His *stewards*) what
heretofore was a mystery." ELLICOTT
explains it, "the arrangement," or "regulation"
of the mystery (the union of Jews and Gentiles in Christ) which was
now to be humbly traced and acknowledged in the fact of its having
secretly existed in the counsel of God, and now having been revealed
to the heavenly powers by means of the Church.
**from the beginning of the
world**—*Greek,* "from (the beginning of) the ages."
Compare [Ephesians 1:4](../../../kjv/ephesians/1/4); [Romans 16:25](../../../kjv/romans/16/25);
[1 Corinthians 2:7](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/2/7). The "ages" are
the vast successive periods of time, marked by successive stages of
creation and orders of beings.
**in God**—"hidden in"
His counsels ([Ephesians 1:9](../../../kjv/ephesians/1/9)).
**created all things by Jesus
Christ**—God's creation of the world and all things therein is
the foundation of the rest of the "economy," which is
freely dispensed according to the universal power of God [BENGEL].
AS God created "the whole range of things" (so the *Greek*),
physical and spiritual alike, He must have an absolute right to
adjust all things as He will. Hence, we may see His right to keep the
mystery of world-wide salvation in Christ "hidden in Himself,"
till his own good time for revealing it. The oldest manuscripts omit
"by Jesus Christ."

**10.** The design of God in giving
Paul grace to proclaim to the Gentiles the mystery of salvation
heretofore hidden.
**now**—first: opposed to
"hidden from the beginning of the world" ().
**unto the principalities
and**—*Greek* adds "the"
**powers**—unto the various
orders of *good* angels primarily, as these dwell "in the
heavenly places" in the highest sense; "known" to
their adoring joy ([1 Timothy 3:16](../../../kjv/1-timothy/3/16);
[1 Peter 1:12](../../../kjv/1-peter/1/12)). Secondarily, God's
wisdom in redemption is made known to *evil* angels, who dwell
"in heavenly places" in a lower sense, namely, the air
(compare [Ephesians 2:2](../../../kjv/ephesians/2/2); [Ephesians 6:12](../../../kjv/ephesians/6/12));
"known" to their dismay ([1 Corinthians 15:24](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/15/24);
[Colossians 2:15](../../../kjv/colossians/2/15)).
**might be known**—Translate,
"may be known."
**by the church**—"by
means of," or "through the Church," which is the
"theater" for the display of God's manifold wisdom ([Luke 15:10](../../../kjv/luke/15/10);
[1 Corinthians 4:9](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/4/9)): "a spectacle
(*Greek,* 'theater') to angels." Hence, angels are but our
"fellow servants" ([1 Corinthians 4:9](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/4/9)).
**manifold wisdom**—though
essentially one, as Christ is one, yet varying the economy in respect
to places, times, and persons ([Isaiah 55:8](../../../kjv/isaiah/55/8);
[Isaiah 55:9](../../../kjv/isaiah/55/9); [Hebrews 1:1](../../../kjv/hebrews/1/1)).
Compare [1 Peter 4:10](../../../kjv/1-peter/4/10), "stewards
of the manifold grace of God." Man cannot understand aright its
single acts till he can survey them as a connected whole ([1 Peter 4:10](../../../kjv/1-peter/4/10)). The call of the Church is no haphazard remedy, or
afterthought, but part of the eternal scheme, which, amidst manifold
varieties of dispensation, is one in its end.

**11. which he purposed**—*Greek,*
"made." ELLICOTT
translates, "wrought."

**12.** Translate, "*our*
boldness and *our* access () *in* confidence *through our* faith *in*
Him." ALFORD quotes
as an instance, [Romans 8:38](../../../kjv/romans/8/38), &c.
"THE access"
(*Greek*) implies the formal introduction into the presence of a
monarch.

**13.** "I entreat you not to
be dispirited."
**for you**—in your behalf.
**which is**—rather, "which
*are* your glory," namely, inasmuch as showing that God
loved you so much, as both to give His Son for you, and to permit His
apostles to suffer "tribulations" for you [CHRYSOSTOM]
in preaching the Gospel to the Gentiles. See on , "prisoner for you Gentiles." My tribulations are
your spiritual "glory," as your faith is furthered thereby
([1 Corinthians 4:10](../../../kjv/1-corinthians/4/10)).

**14. For this cause**—Resuming
the thread of [Ephesians 3:1](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/1), "For
this cause." Because ye have such a standing in God's Church
[ALFORD].
**bow my knees**—the proper
attitude in humble prayer. Posture affects the mind, and is not
therefore unimportant. See Paul's practice ([Ephesians 3:1](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/1)); and that of the Lord Himself on earth ([Ephesians 3:1](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/1)).
**unto the Father**—The
oldest manuscripts omit "of our Lord Jesus Christ." But
*Vulgate* and some very old authorities retain them: [Ephesians 3:1](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/1), "From whom," in either case, refers to "the
Father" (*Patera*), as "family" (*patria,*
akin in sound and etymology) plainly refers to Him. Still the
foundation of all sonship is in Jesus Christ.

**15. the whole family**—ALFORD,
MIDDLETON, and others
translate, "every family": alluding to the several *families*
in heaven and in earth supposed to exist [THEOPHYLACT,
*Æcumenius,* in SUICER,
2.633], the apostle thus being supposed to imply that God, in His
relation of Father to us His adopted children, is the great prototype
of the paternal relation wherever found. But the idea that "the
holy angels are bound up in spiritual *families* or
*compaternities,*" is nowhere else in Scripture referred
to. And [Acts 2:36](../../../kjv/acts/2/36), where the
article is similarly omitted, and yet the translation is, "*All
the* house of Israel," shows that in New Testament *Greek*
the translation is justifiable, "*all the* family," or
"*the whole* family": which accords with Scripture
views, that angels and men, the saints militant and those with God,
are one holy family joined under the one Father in Christ, the
mediator between heaven and earth ([Ephesians 1:10](../../../kjv/ephesians/1/10);
[Philippians 2:10](../../../kjv/philippians/2/10)). Hence angels are
termed our "brethren" ([Philippians 2:10](../../../kjv/philippians/2/10)), and "sons of God" by creation, as we are by
adoption ([Job 38:7](../../../kjv/job/38/7)). The Church
is part of the grand family, or kingdom, which comprehends, besides
men, the higher spiritual world, where the archetype, to the
realization of which redeemed man is now tending, is already
realized. This universal idea of the "kingdom" of God as
one divine community, is presented to us in the Lord's Prayer. By sin
men were estranged, not only from God, but from that higher spiritual
world in which the kingdom of God is already realized. As Christ when
He reconciled men to God, united them to one another in a divine
community (joined to Himself, the one Head), breaking down the
partition wall between Jew and Gentile ([Job 38:7](../../../kjv/job/38/7)), so also He joins them in communion with all those who have
already attained that perfection in the kingdom of God, to which the
Church on earth is aspiring ([Job 38:7](../../../kjv/job/38/7)) [NEANDER].
**is named**—derives its
*origin* and its *name* as sons of God. To be named, and to
be, are one with God. To bear God's name is to *belong* to God
as *His own* peculiar people ([Numbers 6:27](../../../kjv/numbers/6/27);
[Isaiah 43:7](../../../kjv/isaiah/43/7); [Isaiah 44:5](../../../kjv/isaiah/44/5);
[Romans 9:25](../../../kjv/romans/9/25); [Romans 9:26](../../../kjv/romans/9/26)).

**16. according to**—that is in
abundance consonant to the riches of His glory; not "according
to" the narrowness of our hearts. , "Strengthened with *all might according to His
glorious power.*"
**by**—*Greek,*
"*through*"; "*by means of* His Spirit."
**in**—The *Greek*
implies, "infused into."
**the inner man**— ([Ephesians 4:22](../../../kjv/ephesians/4/22);
[Ephesians 4:24](../../../kjv/ephesians/4/24); [1 Peter 3:4](../../../kjv/1-peter/3/4));
"the hidden man of the heart." Not predicated of
unbelievers, whose inward and outward man alike are carnal. But in
believers, the "inner (new) man," their true self, stands
in contrast to their old man, which is attached to them as a body of
death daily being mortified, but not their true self.

**17. That**—So that.
**dwell**—abidingly make
His abode ([John 14:23](../../../kjv/john/14/23)). Where
the Spirit is there Christ is ([John 14:16](../../../kjv/john/14/16);
[John 14:18](../../../kjv/john/14/18)).
**by faith**—*Greek,*
"*through* faith," which opens the door of the *heart*
to Jesus ([John 3:20](../../../kjv/john/3/20)). It is not
enough that He be on the tongue, or flit through the brain: the heart
is His proper seat [CALVIN].
"You being rooted and grounded in love" (compare [John 3:20](../../../kjv/john/3/20)), is in the *Greek* connected with this clause, not
with the clause, "that ye may be able to comprehend."
"Rooted" is an image from a *tree;* "grounded"
(*Greek,* "founder," "having your foundations
resting on"), from a *building* (compare *Notes,*, see
on [Ephesians 2:20](../../../kjv/ephesians/2/20); [Colossians 1:23](../../../kjv/colossians/1/23);
[Colossians 2:7](../../../kjv/colossians/2/7)). Contrast [Matthew 13:6](../../../kjv/matthew/13/6);
[Matthew 13:21](../../../kjv/matthew/13/21). "Love," the
first-fruit of the Spirit, flowing from Christ's love realized in the
soul, was to be the basis on which should rest their further
comprehension of all the vastness of Christ's love.

**18. May be able**—even still
further. *Greek,* "May be *fully* able."
**breadth . . . length . . .
depth . . . height**—namely, the full dimensions of the spiritual
temple, answering to "the fulness of God" (), to which the Church, according to its capacity, ought to
correspond (compare [Ephesians 4:10](../../../kjv/ephesians/4/10);
[Ephesians 4:13](../../../kjv/ephesians/4/13)) as to "the fulness
of *Christ.*" The "breadth" implies Christ's
world-wide love, embracing all men: the "length," its being
extended through all ages ([Ephesians 4:13](../../../kjv/ephesians/4/13)); the "depth," its profound wisdom which no
creature can fathom ([Romans 11:33](../../../kjv/romans/11/33));
the "height," its being beyond the reach of any foe to
deprive us of ([Ephesians 4:8](../../../kjv/ephesians/4/8))
[BENGEL]. I prefer to
understand "the breadth," &c., to refer to *the whole
of the vast mystery of free salvation in Christ for all, Gentile and
Jew alike,* of which Paul had been speaking ([Ephesians 4:8](../../../kjv/ephesians/4/8)), and of which he now prays they may have a fuller
comprehension. As subsidiary to this, and the most essential part of
it, he adds, "and to know *the love of Christ*" ([Ephesians 4:8](../../../kjv/ephesians/4/8)). GROTIUS
understands *depth* and *height* of God's goodness raising
us from the lowest depression to the greatest height.

**19. passeth**—surpasseth,
exceeds. The paradox "to know . . . which passeth knowledge,"
implies that when he says "know," he does not mean that we
can *adequately* know; all we know is, that His love exceeds far
our knowledge of it, and with even our fresh accessions of knowledge
hereafter, will still exceed them. Even as God's power exceeds our
thoughts ([Ephesians 3:20](../../../kjv/ephesians/3/20)).
**filled with**—rather, as
*Greek,* "filled even *unto* all the fulness of God"
(this is the grand goal), that is, filled, each according to your
capacity, with the divine wisdom, knowledge, and love; "*even
as God is full,*" and as Christ who dwells in your hearts,
hath "all the fulness of the Godhead dwelling in Him bodily"
([Colossians 2:9](../../../kjv/colossians/2/9)).

**20. unto him**—contrasted with
*ourselves* and *our needs.* Translate, "that is able
above all things (what is above all things) to do exceeding
abundantly above what we ask or (even) think": *thought*
takes a wider range than *prayers.* The word, *above,*
occurs thrice as often in Paul's writings, as in all the rest of the
New Testament, showing the warm exuberance of Paul's spirit.
**according to the power**—the
indwelling Spirit ([Romans 8:26](../../../kjv/romans/8/26)). He
appeals to their and his experience.

**21.** Translate, "Unto Him be
*the* glory (that is, the whole glory of the gracious
dispensation of salvation just spoken of) in the Church (as the
theater for the manifestation of the glory, ) in Christ Jesus (as in Him all the glory centers, ) to all the generations of eternal ages," literally,
"of the age of the ages." Eternity is conceived as
consisting of "ages" (these again consisting of
"generations") endlessly succeeding one another.

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