---
title: "Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible -  Luke 22"
description: "CHAPTER 22   :-. CONSPIRACY OF THE
JEWISH AUTHORITIES
TO PUT JESUS
TO DEATH—COMPACT
WITH JUDAS. 1, 2. (See on  :-.) 3. Then entered Satan, c.—but
not yet"
image: "/images/missing.jpg"
url: "https://realbiblebelievers.com/commentaries/commentary-critical-and-explanatory-on-the-whole-bible/luke/22"
---

CHAPTER 22

. CONSPIRACY OF THE
JEWISH AUTHORITIES
TO PUT JESUS
TO DEATH—COMPACT
WITH JUDAS.

**1, 2.** (See on .)

**3. Then entered Satan,** c.—but
not yet in the full sense. The awful stages of it were these: (1)
*Covetousness* being his master—passion, the Lord let it
reveal itself and gather strength by entrusting him with "the
bag" ([John 12:6](../../../kjv/john/12/6)), as
treasurer to Himself and the Twelve. (2) In the discharge of that
most sacred trust he became "a thief," appropriating its
contents from time to time to his own use. Satan, seeing this door
into his heart standing wide open, determines to enter by it, but
cautiously ([2 Corinthians 2:11](../../../kjv/2-corinthians/2/11)) first
merely "*putting it into his heart to betray Him*"
([John 13:2](../../../kjv/john/13/2)), suggesting the
thought to him that by this means he might enrich himself. (3) This
thought was probably converted into a settled purpose by what took
place in Simon's house at Bethany. (See [John 13:2](../../../kjv/john/13/2), and see on [John 13:2](../../../kjv/john/13/2).)
(4) Starting back, perhaps, or mercifully held back, for some time,
the determination to carry it into immediate effect was not
consummated till, sitting at the paschal supper, "*Satan
entered into him*" (see on [John 13:2](../../../kjv/john/13/2)), and conscience, effectually stifled, only rose again to
be his tormentor. What lessons in all this for every one ([Ephesians 4:27](../../../kjv/ephesians/4/27);
[James 4:7](../../../kjv/james/4/7); [1 Peter 5:8](../../../kjv/1-peter/5/8);
[1 Peter 5:9](../../../kjv/1-peter/5/9))!

**5. money**—"thirty pieces
of silver" ([Matthew 26:15](../../../kjv/matthew/26/15));
thirty shekels, the fine payable for man- or maid-servant
accidentally killed ([Exodus 21:32](../../../kjv/exodus/21/32)),
and equal to between four and five pounds of our money—"a
*goodly price* that I was priced at of them" ([Exodus 21:32](../../../kjv/exodus/21/32)). (See on [Exodus 21:32](../../../kjv/exodus/21/32).)

**6. in the absence,** &c.—(See
[Matthew 26:5](../../../kjv/matthew/26/5)).
[Matthew 26:5](../../../kjv/matthew/26/5). LAST
PASSOVER—INSTITUTION
OF THE SUPPER—DISCOURSE
AT THE TABLE.

**7. the day of unleavened
bread**—strictly the fifteenth Nisan (part of our March and
April) *after* the paschal lamb was killed; but here, the
fourteenth (Thursday). Into the difficult questions raised on this we
cannot here enter.

**10-13. when ye are entered the
city**—He Himself probably stayed at Bethany during the day.
**there shall a man,**
&c.—(See on [Luke 22:1](../../../kjv/luke/22/1)).

**14-18. the hour**—about six P.M.
Between three and this hour the lamb was killed (, *Margin*)

**15. With desire . . .
desired**—"earnestly have I longed" (as , "sore longedst"). Why? It was to be His last
"before He suffered"—and so became "*Christ our
Passover sacrificed for us*" (), when it was "*fulfilled* in the Kingdom of God,"
the typical ordinance thenceforth disappearing.

**14-18. the hour**—about six P.M.
Between three and this hour the lamb was killed (, *Margin*)

**17. took the cup**—the first of
several partaken of in this service.
**divide*****it*****among,** &c.—that is, It is to be *your* last as well as
Mine, "until the Kingdom of God come," or as it is
beautifully given in [Matthew 26:29](../../../kjv/matthew/26/29),
"until that day when I shall drink it new with you in my
Father's kingdom." It was *the point of transition between two
economies and their two great festivals,* the one about to close
for ever, the other immediately to open and run its majestic career
until from earth it be transferred to heaven.

**14-18. the hour**—about six P.M.
Between three and this hour the lamb was killed (, *Margin*)

**21, 22.** (See on , &c.).

**24-30. there was**—or "had
been," referring probably to some symptoms of the former strife
which had reappeared, perhaps on seeing the whole paschal
arrangements committed to two of the Twelve. (See on .)

**25. benefactors**—a title which
the vanity of princes eagerly coveted.

**26. But ye . . . not**—Of how
little avail has this condemnation of "lordship" and vain
titles been against the vanity of Christian ecclesiastics?

**24-30. there was**—or "had
been," referring probably to some symptoms of the former strife
which had reappeared, perhaps on seeing the whole paschal
arrangements committed to two of the Twelve. (See on .)

**28. continued,** c.—affecting
evidence of Christ's tender susceptibility to human sympathy and
support! (See on see
[John 16:32](../../../kjv/john/16/32).)

**29. I appoint,** &c.—Who is
this that dispenses kingdoms, nay, the Kingdom of kingdoms, within an
hour or two of His apprehension, and less than a day of His shameful
death? These sublime contrasts, however, perpetually meet and
entrance us in this matchless history.

**30. eat and drink,** &c.—(See
[Luke 22:16](../../../kjv/luke/22/16) and see on [Luke 22:16](../../../kjv/luke/22/16), &c.).

**31-34. Simon, Simon**—(See on ).
**desired*****to have*******—rather, "hath obtained you," properly "asked
and obtained"; alluding to Job ([Job 1:6-12](../../../kjv/job/1/6-12);
[Job 2:1-6](../../../kjv/job/2/1-6)), whom he
solicited and obtained that he might sift him as wheat, insinuating
as "the accuser of the brethren" ([Job 2:1-18](../../../kjv/job/2/1-18)), that he would find chaff enough in his religion, if
indeed there was any wheat at all.
**you**—not Peter only, but
them *all.*

**32. But I have prayed**—have
been doing it already.
**for thee**—as most in
danger. (See on [Luke 22:2](../../../kjv/luke/22/2).)
**fail not**—that is,
entirely; for partially it did fail.
**converted**—brought back
afresh as a penitent disciple.
**strengthen,** &c.—that
is, make use of thy bitter experience for the fortifying of thy
tempted brethren.

**33. I am ready,**
c.—honest-hearted, warmly-attached disciple, thinking thy present
feelings immovable as a rock, thou shalt find them in the hour of
temptation unstable as water: "I have been praying for thee,"
therefore thy faith shall not perish but thinking this superfluous,
thou shalt find that "he that trusteth in his own heart is a
fool" ([Proverbs 28:26](../../../kjv/proverbs/28/26)).

**34. cock . . . crow**—"twice"
([Mark 14:30](../../../kjv/mark/14/30)).

**35-38. But now**—that you are
going forth not as before on a temporary mission, provided for
without purse or scrip, but into scenes of continued and severe
trial, your *methods* must be different; for purse and scrip
will now be needed for support, and the usual means of defense.

**37. the things concerning me**—decreed
and written.
**have an end**—are rapidly
drawing to a close.

**38. two swords . . . enough**—they
thinking He referred to present defense, while His answer showed He
meant something else.
. AGONY IN THE
GARDEN.

**39. as . . . wont**—(See ).

**40. the place**—the Garden of
Gethsemane, on the west or city side of the mount. Comparing all the
accounts of this mysterious scene, the facts appear to be these: (1)
He bade nine of the Twelve remain "here" while He went and
prayed "yonder." (2) He "took the other three, Peter,
James, and John, and began to be sore amazed [appalled], sorrowful,
and very heavy [oppressed], and said, My soul is exceeding sorrowful
even unto death"—"I feel as if nature would sink under
this load, as if life were ebbing out, and death coming before its
time"—"tarry ye here, and watch with Me"; not,
"Witness for Me," but, "Bear Me company." It did
Him good, it seems, to have them beside Him. (3) But soon even they
were too much for Him: He must be alone. "He was withdrawn from
them about a stone's-cast"—though near enough for them to be
competent witnesses and kneeled down, uttering that most affecting
prayer ([Mark 14:36](../../../kjv/mark/14/36)), that if
possible "the cup," of His approaching *death,* "might
pass from Him, but if not, His Father's will be done": implying
that *in itself* it was so purely revolting that only its being
the Father's will would induce Him to taste it, but that *in that
view* of it He was perfectly prepared to drink it. It is no
struggle between a reluctant and a compliant will, but between two
views of one event—an *abstract* and a *relative* view of
it, in the one of which it was *revolting,* in the other
*welcome.* By signifying how it felt in the *one* view, He
shows His beautiful oneness with ourselves in nature and feeling; by
expressing how He regarded it in the other light, He reveals His
absolute obediential subjection to His Father. (4) On this, having a
momentary relief, for it came upon Him, we imagine, by surges, He
returns to the three, and finding them sleeping, He addresses them
affectingly, particularly *Peter,* as in [Mark 14:37](../../../kjv/mark/14/37);
[Mark 14:38](../../../kjv/mark/14/38). He then (5) goes back,
not now to kneel, but fell on His face on the ground, saying the same
words, but with this turn, "If this cup *may not pass,*"
c. ([Matthew 26:42](../../../kjv/matthew/26/42)) —that is,
'Yes, I understand this mysterious silence ([Matthew 26:42](../../../kjv/matthew/26/42)) it may not pass; I am to drink it, and I will'—"Thy
will be done!" (6) Again, for a moment relieved, He returns and
finds them "sleeping for sorrow," warns them as before, but
puts a loving construction upon it, separating between the "willing
spirit" and the "weak flesh." (7) Once more, returning
to His solitary spot, the surges rise higher, beat more
tempestuously, and seem ready to overwhelm Him. To fortify Him for
this, "there appeared an angel unto Him from heaven
strengthening Him"—not to minister light or comfort (He was to
have none of that, and they were not needed nor fitted to convey it),
but purely to sustain and brace up sinking nature for a yet hotter
and fiercer struggle. And now, He is "in an agony, and prays
more earnestly"—even Christ's prayer, it seems, admitted of
and now demanded such increase—"and His sweat was as it were
great drops [literally, 'clots'] of blood falling down to the
ground." What was this? *Not His proper sacrificial offering,*
though essential to it. It was just the internal struggle, apparently
hushing itself before, but now swelling up again, convulsing His
whole inner man, and this so affecting His animal nature that the
sweat oozed out from every pore in thick drops of blood, falling to
the ground. It was just *shuddering nature* and *indomitable
will* struggling together. But again the cry, If it must be, *Thy
will be done,* issues from His lips, and all is over. "The
bitterness of death is past." He has anticipated and rehearsed
His final conflict, and won the victory—now on the theater of an
*invincible will,* as then on the arena of the Cross. "I
*will* suffer," is the grand result of Gethsemane: "It
is finished" is the shout that bursts from the Cross. The Will
without the Deed had been all in vain; but His work was consummated
when He carried the now manifested Will into the palpable Deed, "*by
the which* WILL *we
are sanctified* THROUGH THE
OFFERING OF THE BODY OF JESUS
CHRIST ONCE FOR ALL"
([Hebrews 10:10](../../../kjv/hebrews/10/10)). (8) At the close
of the whole scene, finding them still sleeping (worn out with
continued sorrow and racking anxiety), He bids them, with an irony of
deep emotion, "sleep on now and take their rest, the hour is
come, the Son of man is betrayed into the hands of sinners, rise, let
us be going, the traitor is at hand." And while He spoke, Judas
approached with his armed band. Thus they proved "miserable
comforters," broken reeds; and thus in His whole work He was
*alone,* and "of the people there was none with Him."
[Hebrews 10:10](../../../kjv/hebrews/10/10). BETRAYAL AND
APPREHENSION OF
JESUS—FLIGHT
OF HIS DISCIPLES.
[Hebrews 10:10](../../../kjv/hebrews/10/10). JESUS BEFORE
CAIAPHAS—FALL
OF PETER.
The particulars of these two
sections require a combination of all the narratives, for which see
on [Hebrews 10:10](../../../kjv/hebrews/10/10).

**61. And the Lord turned, and looked
upon Peter**—(Also see on .)

**62. And Peter went out, and wept
bitterly**—(Also see on .)
. JESUS
CONDEMNED TO DIE
AND SHAMEFULLY
ENTREATED.
(See on ; , c. and .)

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