1. judgment—equity. John the Baptist preached similarly a return to righteousness, as needed to prepare men for Messiah's first coming (Luke 3:3; Luke 3:8-14). So it shall be before the second coming (Luke 3:8-42).
near to come— (Matthew 3:2; Matthew 4:17), also as to the second coming (Isaiah 62:10; Isaiah 62:11; Luke 21:28; Luke 21:31; Romans 13:11; Romans 13:12; Hebrews 10:25).
righteousness—answering to "salvation" in the parallel clause; therefore it means righteousness which bringeth salvation (Isaiah 46:13; Romans 3:25; Romans 3:26).

2. ().
the man—Hebrew, enosh, "a man in humble life," in contradistinction to Hebrew, ish, "one of high rank." Even the humblest, as "the stranger" and "the eunuch" (Isaiah 56:4; Isaiah 56:6), are admissible to these privileges.
this . . . it—what follows: "keeping the Sabbath," c. (Isaiah 58:13 Isaiah 58:14; Ezekiel 20:12). A proof that the Sabbath, in the spirit of its obligation, was to be binding under the Gospel (Ezekiel 20:12). That gospel times are referred to is plain, from the blessing not being pronounced on the man who observed the sacrificial ritual of the Jewish law.
layeth hold—image from one grasping firmly some precious object which he is afraid of having forcibly snatched from him. The "Sabbath" here includes all the ordinances of divine worship under the new gospel law.
keepeth . . . hand . . . from . . . evil—The observance of the second table of the law; as the "Sabbath" referred to the first table. Together, they form the whole duty of man, the worship of God and a holy life.

3. God welcomes all believers, without distinction of persons, under the new economy (Acts 10:34; Acts 10:35).
joined . . . to . . . Lord— (Numbers 18:4; Numbers 18:7). "Proselytes."
separated—Proselytes from the Gentiles were not admitted to the same privileges as native Israelites. This barrier between Jews and Gentiles was to be broken down (Ephesians 2:14-16).
eunuch— (Ephesians 2:14-49, c.). Eunuchs were chamberlains over harems, or court ministers in general.
dry tree—barren (compare Luke 23:31) not admissible into the congregation of Israel (Luke 23:31). Under the Gospel the eunuch and stranger should be released from religious and civil disabilities.

4. please me—sacrifice their own pleasure to mine.
take hold—so "layeth hold" (see on Isaiah 56:5).

5. in mine house—the temple, the emblem of the Church (). They shall no longer be confined as proselytes were, to the outer court, but shall be admitted "into the holiest" (Hebrews 10:19; Hebrews 10:20).
a place—literally, "a hand."
than of sons—Though the eunuch is barren of children (Hebrews 10:20), I will give him a more lasting name than that of being father of sons and daughters (regarded as a high honor among the Hebrews) (John 1:12; John 10:3; 1 John 3:1; Revelation 2:17; Revelation 3:12).

6. join . . . Lord— (). Conditions of admission to the privileges of adoption.

7. Even them— ().
to my holy mountain—Jerusalem, the seat of the Lord's throne in His coming kingdom (Isaiah 2:2; Jeremiah 3:17).
joyful— (Jeremiah 3:17).
burnt offerings . . . sacrifices—spiritual, of which the literal were types (Romans 12:1; Hebrews 13:15; 1 Peter 2:5).
accepted— (1 Peter 2:5).
altar— (1 Peter 2:5), spiritually, the Cross of Christ, which sanctifies our sacrifices of prayer and praise.
house . . . for all people—or rather, "peoples." No longer restricted to one favored people (Malachi 1:11; John 4:21; John 4:23; 1 Timothy 2:8). To be fully realized at the second coming (1 Timothy 2:8). No longer literal, but spiritual sacrifice, namely, "prayer" shall be offered (Psalms 141:2; Psalms 51:17; Malachi 1:11; Matthew 21:13).

8. Jehovah will not only restore the scattered outcasts of Israel (Isaiah 11:12; Psalms 147:2) to their own land, but "will gather others ('strangers') to him (Israel), besides those gathered" (Margin, "to his gathered"; that is, in addition to the Israelites collected from their dispersion), (John 10:16; Ephesians 1:10; Ephesians 2:19).

9. beasts—Gentile idolatrous nations hostile to the Jews, summoned by God to chastise them (Jeremiah 12:7-9; Jeremiah 50:17; Ezekiel 34:5): the Chaldeans and subsequently the Romans. The mention of the "outcasts of Israel" (Isaiah 56:8) brings in view the outcasting, caused by the sins of their rulers (Isaiah 56:8).
to devour—namely, Israel.

10. His watchmen—Israel's spiritual leaders (Isaiah 62:6; Ezekiel 3:17).
dumb dogs—image from bad shepherds' watchdogs, which fail to give notice, by barking, of the approach of wild beasts.
blind— (Ezekiel 3:17).
sleeping, lying down—rather, "dreamers, sluggards" [LOWTH]. Not merely sleeping inactive, but under visionary delusions.
loving to slumber—not merely slumbering involuntarily, but loving it.

11. greedy—literally, "strong" (that is, insatiable) in appetite (Ezekiel 34:2; Ezekiel 34:3; Micah 3:11).
cannot understand—unable to comprehend the wants of the people, spiritually: so Micah 3:11, "cannot bark."
look to . . . own way—that is, their own selfish interests; not to the spiritual welfare of the people (Jeremiah 6:13; Ezekiel 22:27).
from his quarter—rather, "from the highest to the lowest" [LOWTH]. "From his quarter"; that is, from one end to the other of them, one and all (Genesis 19:4).

12. fetch wine—language of the national teachers challenging one another to drink. BARNES translates, "I will take another cup" ().
to-morrow, &c.—Their self-indulgence was habitual and intentional: not merely they drink, but they mean to continue so.