1.

Now I say, That the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all;

Verse 1
Though he be lord of all; though he is to inherit all.

2.

But is under tutors and governors until the time appointed of the father.

3.

Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world:

Verse 3
The elements of the world. The Jewish institutions are obviously intended by this expression; but why they are, so designated is not very clear.

4.

But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law,

Verse 4
The fulness of the time; the full time predicted.--Made under the law; born a. Jew, and consequently under the Mosaic institutions.

5.

To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.

Verse 5
To redeem them, &c.; thus showing that they owe their redemption not to their Judaism, but to their Christianity.

6.

And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father.

7.

Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.

8.

Howbeit then, when ye knew not God, ye did service unto them which by nature are no gods.

Verse 8
The apostle here appears to address the Gentile portion of the Galatian churches.--Ye did service unto, ye were in bondage unto.

9.

But now, after that ye have known God, or rather are known of God, how turn ye again to the weak and beggarly elements, whereunto ye desire again to be in bondage?

10.

Ye observe days, and months, and times, and years.

Verse 10
Ye observe; that is, religiously; depending upon such observances for acceptance with God.

11.

I am afraid of you, lest I have bestowed upon you labour in vain.

12.

Brethren, I beseech you, be as I am; for I am as ye are: ye have not injured me at all.

Verse 12
This passage is evidently elliptical, and is considered obscure.

13.

Ye know how through infirmity of the flesh I preached the gospel unto you at the first.

Verse 13
Through infirmity of the flesh; that is, suffering under infirmity of the flesh. (Comp. 2 Corinthians 12:7.)

14.

And my temptation which was in my flesh ye despised not, nor rejected; but received me as an angel of God, even as Christ Jesus.

Verse 14
As Christ Jesus; as clothed with his authority.

15.

Where is then the blessedness ye spake of? for I bear you record, that, if it had been possible, ye would have plucked out your own eyes, and have given them to me.

16.

Am I therefore become your enemy, because I tell you the truth?

17.

They zealously affect you, but not well; yea, they would exclude you, that ye might affect them.

Verse 17
They; the false teachers.--Zealously affect you; pretend to be ardently interested in your welfare.--Exclude you; separate you; that is, from me.

18.

But it is good to be zealously affected always in a good thing, and not only when I am present with you.

Verse 18
Always in a good thing; that is, to adhere firmly and steadily to what is right.--Not only, &c.; referring to what he had said in Galatians 4:15.

19.

My little children, of whom I travail in birth again until Christ be formed in you,

Verse 19
Of whom I travail in birth; for whom I feel the deepest solicitude and anxiety.

20.

I desire to be present with you now, and to change my voice; for I stand in doubt of you.

Verse 20
To change my voice; that is, to administer admonition and reproof to them, which it had not been necessary to do when he was with them before.

21.

Tell me, ye that desire to be under the law, do ye not hear the law?

22.

For it is written, that Abraham had two sons, the one by a bondmaid, the other by a freewoman.

Verse 22
A bond-maid; Hagar.

23.

But he who was of the bondwoman was born after the flesh; but he of the freewoman was by promise.

24.

Which things are an allegory: for these are the two covenants; the one from the mount Sinai, which gendereth to bondage, which is Agar.

Verse 24
An allegory; that is, may be regarded as such.--These are the two covenants; may be considered as representing the two covenants.

25.

For this Agar is mount Sinai in Arabia, and answereth to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children.

Verse 25
Is Mount Sinai; that is, represents Mount Sinai in this illustration.

26.

But Jerusalem which is above is free, which is the mother of us all.

Verse 26
Jerusalem which is above; the spiritual Jerusalem; that is, the body of believers under the gospel.

27.

For it is written, Rejoice, thou barren that bearest not; break forth and cry, thou that travailest not: for the desolate hath many more children than she which hath an husband.

Verse 27
It is written; Isaiah 54:1.

28.

Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are the children of promise.

29.

But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, even so it is now.

Verse 29
He that was born after the flesh; Ishmael, the son of Hagar.--Him that was born after the Spirit; Isaac.

30.

Nevertheless what saith the scripture? Cast out the bondwoman and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.

Verse 30
Cast out, &c The rejection of Hagar thus represents the rejection of the bondage and servitude entailed by the Jewish law.

31.

So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman, but of the free.