1.

And it came to pass, when king Hezekiah heard it, that he rent his clothes, and covered himself with sackcloth, and went into the house of the LORD.

it came to pass. Compare Isaiah 37:1 .
the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4 .

2.

And he sent Eliakim, which was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and the elders of the priests, covered with sackcloth, to Isaiah the prophet the son of Amoz.

Isaiah. The first occurrence in the historical books. Hezekiah was one of the four kings in whose reign he prophesied (Isaiah 1:1 ). The chapters in Isaiah which refer to these events are 2 Kings 10:5 , 2 Kings 12:6 ; 2 Kings 14:21-27 ; 2Ki 17:12-14 ; 2 Kings 17:22 ; 2 Kings 17:29 , 2Ki 17:33 ; 2 Kings 17:36-37 .

3.

And they said unto him, Thus saith Hezekiah, This day is a day of trouble, and of rebuke, and blasphemy: for the children are come to the birth, and there is not strength to bring forth.

children = sons.

4.

It may be the LORD thy God will hear all the words of Rab-shakeh, whom the king of Assyria his master hath sent to reproach the living God; and will reprove the words which the LORD thy God hath heard: wherefore lift up thy prayer for the remnant that are left.

God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4 .
all. Some codices, with Syriac, omit "all".
reproach = disparage, taunt, or flout.
lift up thy prayer. Hezekiah's "Songs of the degrees" witness to this prayer in his distress. See Psalms 120:1 ; Psalms 130:1 , Psalms 130:2 . App-67 .

5.

So the servants of king Hezekiah came to Isaiah.

6.

And Isaiah said unto them, Thus shall ye say to your master, Thus saith the LORD, Be not afraid of the words which thou hast heard, with which the servants of the king of Assyria have blasphemed me.

Isaiah. In Greek (N.T.) = Esaias.
blasphemed = reviled, or vilified.

7.

Behold, I will send a blast upon him, and he shall hear a rumour, and shall return to his own land; and I will cause him to fall by the sword in his own land.

Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. .
a blast. Hebrew. ruach. App-9 .
hear a rumour. Figure of speech Polyptoton ( App-6 ), "hear a hearing" =. hear a serious report. See note on Genesis 26:28 .

8.

So Rab-shakeh returned, and found the king of Assyria warring against Libnah: for he had heard that he was departed from Lachish.

departed from Lachish. Sennacherib had laid siege against it (2 Chronicles 32:9 ), but had found it difficult, as Joshua had (Joshua 10:31 , Joshua 10:32 , "the second day"); and "left" it untaken (Jeremiah 34:7 ).

9.

And when he heard say of Tirhakah king of Ethiopia, Behold, he is come out to fight against thee: he sent messengers again unto Hezekiah, saying,

Tirhakah. An Ethiopian by birth; king of Egypt by conquest. Defeated later by Esarhaddon, son of Sennacherib, after fifteen days' battle. Esarhaddon is shown on a stele, recently discovered, leading Tirhakah with cords.

10.

Thus shall ye speak to Hezekiah king of Judah, saying, Let not thy God in whom thou trustest deceive thee, saying, Jerusalem shall not be delivered into the hand of the king of Assyria.

trustest = confidest. Hebrew. batah. App-69 ,

11.

Behold, thou hast heard what the kings of Assyria have done to all lands, by destroying them utterly: and shalt thou be delivered?

and shalt thou be delivered? Note the Figure of speech Erotesis here, and in verses: 2 Kings 19:12 , 2 Kings 19:13 , and 2 Kings 19:25 .

12.

Have the gods of the nations delivered them which my fathers have destroyed; as Gozan, and Haran, and Rezeph, and the children of Eden which were in Thelasar?

13.

Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and Ivah?

Hamath, &c. See note on 2 Kings 18:34 .

14.

And Hezekiah received the letter of the hand of the messengers, and read it: and Hezekiah went up into the house of the LORD, and spread it before the LORD.

the house of the LORD. Hezekiah's zeal for the house of Jehovah is seen in his "Songs of the degrees". Compare Psalms 122:1 , Psalms 122:9 ; Psalms 134:1 , Psalms 134:2 . See App-67 .

15.

And Hezekiah prayed before the LORD, and said, O LORD God of Israel, which dwellest between the cherubims, thou art the God, even thou alone, of all the kingdoms of the earth: thou hast made heaven and earth.

prayed. When assaulted by the king of terrors he "turned his face to the wall and prayed" (Isaiah 38:2 ). But when the king of Babylon came with a present he did not pray, and fell into the snare (Isaiah 39:1 , Isaiah 39:2 ). Note the Structure of Isaiah, chs. 36, 39, and see App-67 .
dwellest. Compare his prayer in Psalms 123:1 . App-67 .
art the God = art Thyself the God.
Thou hast made heaven and earth. Compare Genesis 1:1 . Hezekiah, in his "Songs of the degrees", repeats this phrase as witnessing to the power of God, as Creator, to defeat the enemy. See Psalms 121:1 , Psalms 121:2 ; Psalms 123:1 ; Psalms 124:8 ; Psalms 134:3 . See App-67 .

16.

LORD, bow down thine ear, and hear: open, LORD, thine eyes, and see: and hear the words of Sennacherib, which hath sent him to reproach the living God.

living God. Always used in contrast with idols.

17.

Of a truth, LORD, the kings of Assyria have destroyed the nations and their lands,

18.

And have cast their gods into the fire: for they were no gods, but the work of men's hands, wood and stone: therefore they have destroyed them.

19.

Now therefore, O LORD our God, I beseech thee, save thou us out of his hand, that all the kingdoms of the earth may know that thou art the LORD God, even thou only.

20.

Then Isaiah the son of Amoz sent to Hezekiah, saying, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, That which thou hast prayed to me against Sennacherib king of Assyria I have heard.

21.

This is the word that the LORD hath spoken concerning him; The virgin the daughter of Zion hath despised thee, and laughed thee to scorn; the daughter of Jerusalem hath shaken her head at thee.

at thee = after thee: i.e. after she hath seen thy back turned.

22.

Whom hast thou reproached and blasphemed? and against whom hast thou exalted thy voice, and lifted up thine eyes on high? even against the Holy One of Israel.

23.

By the messengers thou hast reproached the Lord, and hast said, With the multitude of my chariots I am come up to the height of the mountains, to the sides of Lebanon, and will cut down the tall cedar trees thereof, and the choice fir trees thereof: and I will enter into the lodgings of his borders, and into the forest of his Carmel.

the LORD*. This is one of the 134 places where the Sopherim altered "Jehovah" to "Adonai" ( App-32 ).
will-have, as in 2 Kings 19:24 .

24.

I have digged and drunk strange waters, and with the sole of my feet have I dried up all the rivers of besieged places.

25.

Hast thou not heard long ago how I have done it, and of ancient times that I have formed it? now have I brought it to pass, that thou shouldest be to lay waste fenced cities into ruinous heaps.

done it = made it: i.e. the earth.

26.

Therefore their inhabitants were of small power, they were dismayed and confounded; they were as the grass of the field, and as the green herb, as the grass on the housetops, and as corn blasted before it be grown up.

as the grass, &c. Note Hezekiah's reference to this in his "Song of the degrees" (Psalms 129:5-7 ). See App-67 .
blasted = blighted.

27.

But I know thy abode, and thy going out, and thy coming in, and thy rage against me.

abode, &c. = downsitting, and thy outgoing, and thy incoming.
thy rage = thy enraging thyself. Very emphatic. The Hithpael gerund occurs only here and Isaiah 37:28 , Isaiah 37:29 .

28.

Because thy rage against me and thy tumult is come up into mine ears, therefore I will put my hook in thy nose, and my bridle in thy lips, and I will turn thee back by the way by which thou camest.

tumult = arrogance.
turn thee back. See the reference to this in Hezekiah's "Song of the degrees" (Psalms 129:4 , Psalms 129:5 ). See App-67 .

29.

And this shall be a sign unto thee, Ye shall eat this year such things as grow of themselves, and in the second year that which springeth of the same; and in the third year sow ye, and reap, and plant vineyards, and eat the fruits thereof.

eat this year, &c. See the reference to Jehovah's sign in Hezekiah's "Songs of the degrees" (Psalms 126:5 , Psalms 126:6 ; Psalms 128:2 ). See App-67 .

30.

And the remnant that is escaped of the house of Judah shall yet again take root downward, and bear fruit upward.

31.

For out of Jerusalem shall go forth a remnant, and they that escape out of mount Zion: the zeal of the LORD of hosts shall do this.

out of Jerusalem . . . remnant: i.e. the country people who had retired into Jerusalem for safety.
remnant. Compare 2 Kings 19:4 , and see Isaiah 10:20 .
the LORD of hosts = Jehovah of hosts. Some codices, with three early printed editions, Aramaean, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "of hosts" in the text.

32.

Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning the king of Assyria, He shall not come into this city, nor shoot an arrow there, nor come before it with shield, nor cast a bank against it.

cast a bank: i.e. erect an earthwork.

33.

By the way that he came, by the same shall he return, and shall not come into this city, saith the LORD.

34.

For I will defend this city, to save it, for mine own sake, and for my servant David's sake.

defend = spread, or be a shield over.
for Mine own sake. Man's sins cannot foil God's purpose. He does not go outside of His own will to explain His actions in grace.

35.

And it came to pass that night, that the angel of the LORD went out, and smote in the camp of the Assyrians an hundred fourscore and five thousand: and when they arose early in the morning, behold, they were all dead corpses.

it came to pass. Compare 2Ki 37:36 .
that night: i.e. the night of the prophecy when the promise was fulfilled. Compare "that day" (Luke 21:34 . 1 Thessalonians 5:4 ).
the Angel of the LORD: i.e. the destroying Angel. Compare 2 Samuel 24:16 .
they: i.e. the king and his people.
dead corpses. Figure of speech Pleonasm , for emphasis.

36.

So Sennacherib king of Assyria departed, and went and returned, and dwelt at Nineveh.

departed. There is no mention of the capture of Jerusalem in Sennacherib's inscription. This omission is more remarkable than what Sennacherib says. Had he taken Jerusalem, the omission would be unaccountable. Compare 2 Chronicles 32:21 and Psalms 129:4 , Psalms 129:5 .
and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton ( App-6 ) to greatly emphasize the fact of his defeat.

37.

And it came to pass, as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, that Adrammelech and Sharezer his sons smote him with the sword: and they escaped into the land of Armenia. And Esar-haddon his son reigned in his stead.

Nisroch. Mentioned in the inscriptions.
his sons. A cylinder recently acquired (1910) by, and now in the British Museum, states: "On the twentieth day of the month Tebet (Dee.), Sennacherib, king of Assyria, his son slew him in a rebellion. "The rebellion (it says) lasted till the twenty-eighth of Sivan (June) of next year, "when Esarhaddon his son sat on the throne of Assyria. "The will, or rather deed of gift, of Sennacherib (2 inches by 1, containing eleven lines; in the Kouyoujik Gallery) gives all to Esarhaddon. This probably led to Esarhaddon having afterwards to fight his two brothers, Sennacherib's murderers.
smote him. Some years later; but mentioned here as the sequel to this history.
Armenia. Hebrew Ararat.
Esarhaddon. See note, above.