1.
And Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost returned from Jordan, and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness,
Jesus. App-98 .
full. Used of pneuma hagion only when without the Art. See App-101 ., and Acts 6:3 ; Acts 7:55 ; Acts 11:24 .
the Holy Ghost . No Art. Greek. pneuma hagion, or "power from on high". See above.
from = away from. Greek apo. App-104 .
by. Greek en. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 4:4 .
the Spirit . With Art. = the Holy Spirit Himself.
into . Greek. eis. App-104 . All the texts read en. The Spirit not only led Him "into" the wilderness but guided Him when there.
the wilderness . Supply the Ellipsis ( App-6 ) thus: "the wilderness, [and was there in the wilderness, ] being tempted", &a
2.
Being forty days tempted of the devil. And in those days he did eat nothing: and when they were ended, he afterward hungered.
forty. See App-10 . Compare Exodus 34:28 . Numbers 14:34 . 1 Kings 19:8 . Read, as in Revised Version, "forty days, being", &c.
tempted = troubled and tried.
of = by. Greek. hupo. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 4:14 , Luke 4:26 .
the devil. Here named because these three temptations came before the three recorded in Matthew 4 . There it is ho peirazon = "he who was tempting Him". See App-116 . in. Greek. en, App-104 .
nothing = not (Greek. ou. App-105 ) anything.
3.
And the devil said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, command this stone that it be made bread.
unto = to.
If Thou be , &c. Greek. ei, with Ind. App-118 . Assuming the fact. Same word as in Luke 4:9 ; not the same word as in Luke 4:7 .
the Son of God . Referring to Luke 3:22 . App-98 . this stone; "these stones "in Matthew 4:3 . Repeated under different circumstances. App-116 .
4.
And Jesus answered him, saying, It is written, That man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God.
him = to (Greek. pros. App-104 .) him.
It is written = It standeth written. In Deuteronomy 8:3 . See App-107 . See note on Matthew 4:4 .
man Greek anthropos App-123
not. Greek ou. App-105 .
by = upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .
word = saying. Compare Matthew 4:4 , and see App-116 .
God. Greek Theos. App-98 .
5.
And the devil, taking him up into an high mountain, shewed unto him all the kingdoms of the world in a moment of time.
taking. Greek. anago = leading. Not paralambano = taking
with . As in Matthew 4:5 . See App-116 .
the world . Greek. oikoumene. See App-129 . Not kosmos, as on a subsequent occasion (Matthew 4:8 ). See App-116 .
in a moment of time . Occurs only here.
6.
And the devil said unto him, All this power will I give thee, and the glory of them: for that is delivered unto me; and to whomsoever I will I give it.
power = authority. App-172 . In Matthew "these things". See App-116 . for that, &c. This was not repeated on the subsequent occasion (Matthew 4:9 ).
I will . Greek thelo. See App-102 .
7.
If thou therefore wilt worship me, all shall be thine.
If thou therefore , &c App-118 . The condition hypothetical.
worship me = worship before me. See App-137 . See note on "before", Luke 1:6 .
8.
And Jesus answered and said unto him, Get thee behind me, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.
Get thee , &c. But the devil did not do so yet. He left of his own accord (Luke 4:12 ) See App-116 . Most of the texts omit this.
it is written , &c. In Deuteronomy 6:13 ; Deuteronomy 10:20 , App-107 . the
LORD = Jehovah. App-4 and App-98 .
9.
And he brought him to Jerusalem, and set him on a pinnacle of the temple, and said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down from hence:
brought = led. Greek. ago, not paralambano, as in Matthew 4:5 (on a subsequent occasion). See App-116 .
to = unto. Greek eis. App-104 .
on . Greek. epi App-104 .
pinnacle. See note on Matthew 4:5 .
temple . Greek. hieron. See note on Matthew 23:16
from hence = hence. In the subsequent temptation (Matthew 4:6 ) = " down".
10.
For it is written, He shall give his angels charge over thee, to keep thee:
it is written. In Psalms 91:11 , Psalms 91:12 . See App-107 .
over = concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .
to keep. Greek. diaphulasso = thoroughly protect. Occurs only here in N.T.
11.
And in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone.
in = on. Greek. epi. App-104 .
against. Greek. pros. App-104 .
12.
And Jesus answering said unto him, It is said, Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God.
is said = hath been said, &c. Deuteronomy 6:16 .
13.
And when the devil had ended all the temptation, he departed from him for a season.
all = every.
departed. Of his own accord. See note on Matthew 4:10 , and App-116 .
for a season = until a convenient time. See Matthew 4:11 . Returning again and repeating the three temptations in a different order and under different circumstances. See App-116 .
14.
And Jesus returned in the power of the Spirit into Galilee: and there went out a fame of him through all the region round about.
power . Greek. dunamis. App-172 .
there went out a fame, &c. In Luke (as in the other Gospels) only those events are selected which tend to illustrate the special presentation of the Lord and His ministry. Compare the commencing events of each: Matthew 4:13 .Mark 1:14 .Mark 4:14-30 , and John 1:19-43 . For this fourfold ministry, see App-119 . Thus this first period commences and its subject, as stated more precisely in verses: Luke 4:43 , Luke 4:44 .
fame = report. Greek. pheme. Not the same word as in Luke 4:37 .
of = concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .
through . Greek. kata. App-104 .
15.
And he taught in their synagogues, being glorified of all.
he = He Himself.
synagogues . App-120 of = by. Greek. hupo. App-104 .
16.
And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the synagogue on the sabbath day, and stood up for to read.
Nazareth = the (or, that) Nazareth thus defined. Aramaean. See App-94 .:36. See App-169 .
as His custom was = according to (Greek. kata. App-104 .) custom.
on. Greek. en. App-104 .
stood up. Being summoned by the superintendent (Luke 4:17 ). This incident (Luke 4:16-31 ) is peculiar to Luke.
to read . Greek anaginosko. Later usage = to read aloud (as here, 2 Corinthians 3:15 .Colossians 4:16 . 1 Thessalonians 5:27 ). But in the Papyri generally = to read. (See Milligan, Selections, pp 39, 112.) The Lord preached in other synagogues, but read only here in Nazareth, which shows that He owned, and was owned, to be a member of this.
17.
And there was delivered unto him the book of the prophet Esaias. And when he had opened the book, he found the place where it was written,
there was delivered, &c. = there was further delivered: i.e. the prophets (the Haphtorah), the second lesson after another had read the Law (the Parashah or first lesson). This delivery was made by the chazan = overseer, or Sheliach tzibbor, angel of the congregation. See Revelation 2:1 , Revelation 2:8 , Revelation 2:12 , Revelation 2:18 ; Revelation 3:1 , Revelation 3:7 , Revelation 3:14 .
Esaias = Isaiah. For the occurance of his name in the N.T. see App-79 .
opened = unrolled. This word and "closed" (Luke 4:20 ) Occurs only here in the N.T. Compare Nehemiah 8:5 .
found the place . Isaiah 61:1 , Isaiah 61:2 . Doubtless the Haphtorahtorah or second lesson for the day,
it was written = it stood written. See App-107 .
18.
The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised,
The Spirit . The Article is understood, in English. See Luke 4:1 .
upon . Greek. epi. App-104 .
because = on account of which.
anointed Me . Hence His name "Christ". Compare Acts 10:38 .
preach the gospel = announce the glad tidings (see verses: Luk 43:44 ). See App-121 . Note the sevenfold
Prophecy ( App-10 ). poor. App-127 .
sent. App-174 .
to heal the broken-hearted. All the texts omit this clause.
to preach = to proclaim. See App-121 . deliverance. Greek aphesis. Compare Luke 3:3 .
to set at liberty . . . bruised = to send away in discharge (en aphesei) the oppressed, or broken. Occurs only here. This is added from Isaiah 58:6 , making the quotation "compound". See App-107 . This form of reading was allowed and provided for.
19.
To preach the acceptable year of the Lord.
the acceptable year = the welcome year. Either the Jubilee year (Leviticus 26:8-17 ), or on account of the Lord's ministry commencing then.
20.
And he closed the book, and he gave it again to the minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that were in the synagogue were fastened on him.
closed = rolled up. Compare Luke 4:17 . Because it was not yet manifest whether the King and the Kingdom would be received or rejected. See App-72 .
the minister = the servant (or "verger "), who put it away. Not the President, who first received it from the servant (Hebrew. chazan) and "delivered "it to the reader.
sat down :i.e. to teach.
were fastened = continued fixed. Almost peculiar to Luke. See Luke 22:56 , and ten times in Acts. Elsewhere only in 2Co 3:7 , 2 Corinthians 3:13 .
21.
And he began to say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears.
to say unto them , &c. = to say to them that (Greek. hoti) This day, &c. Note the force of "that", and see note on Luke 19:9 . Mark 14:30 (where hoti is used), and contrast Luke 22:34 , and Matthew 21:28 (where hoti is absent).
unto . Greek. pros. App-104 .
this scripture . Not the next clause of Isaiah 61:2 , which He did not read. That was then doubtful, and is now postponed.
22.
And all bare him witness, and wondered at the gracious words which proceeded out of his mouth. And they said, Is not this Joseph's son?
23.
And he said unto them, Ye will surely say unto me this proverb, Physician, heal thyself: whatsoever we have heard done in Capernaum, do also here in thy country.
surely = doubtless.
proverb = parable. Figure of speech
Paroemia. App-6 .
Physician, &c. Peculiar to Luke. See Colossians 4:14
done = being done.
Capernaum . See App-169 . First occurance in Luke. Silence there is no proof of ignorance.
also here = here also.
24.
And he said, Verily I say unto you, No prophet is accepted in his own country.
Verily. See note on Matthew 5:18 .
No = That no. Greek. hoti oudeis. See note on "say", Luke 4:21 .
accepted ; or, welcome. As in Luke 4:19 .
country . Compare Matthew 13:57 (later).
25.
But I tell you of a truth, many widows were in Israel in the days of Elias, when the heaven was shut up three years and six months, when great famine was throughout all the land;
of a truth = in (as in Luke 4:11 ) truth.
Elias = Elijah. See 1 Kings 17:1 , 1 Kings 17:8 , 1Ki 17:9 ; 1 Kings 18:1 .James 5:17 .
the heaven. Singular with Art. See note on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 . Revelation 11:12 , Revelation 11:13 ; Revelation 13:6 .
three years and six months. An ominous period. Compare Daniel 12:7 . Revelation 11:2 , Revelation 11:3 ; Revelation 13:5 ; and App-89 .
and six months . Not "a Jewish tradition", but a well-known fact. See notes on 1 Kings 17:1 and Luke 18:1 .
when , &c. = and there arose.
throughout = over. Greek. epi. App-104 .
26.
But unto none of them was Elias sent, save unto Sarepta, a city of Sidon, unto a woman that was a widow.
But = And.
save = but. Used, not in the sense of limitation, but of exclusion, as in Galatians 1:2 , Galatians 1:16 . Supply the Ellipsis ( App-6 ) = "[but he was sent] to Sarepta".
unto . Greek. eis. App-104 .
Sarepta. Hebrew. Zarephath (1 Kings Luke 17:9 ), now Surafend, in ruins.
27.
And many lepers were in Israel in the time of Eliseus the prophet; and none of them was cleansed, saving Naaman the Syrian.
in the time of . Greek. epi. App-104 .
Eliseus = Elisha.
Naaman . See 2Ki 5:.
28.
And all they in the synagogue, when they heard these things, were filled with wrath,
29.
And rose up, and thrust him out of the city, and led him unto the brow of the hill whereon their city was built, that they might cast him down headlong.
thrust = cast.
out = without, outside.
the brow = an overhanging brow. Greek. ophrus. Occurs only here in N.T. A medical word (compare Colossians 4:14 ), used of the eyebrows because of their hanging over. At Nazareth it is not beneath, but hangs over the town about forty feet. All the texts omit "the".
that they might, &c. See App-23 .
cast Him down headlong. Greek katakremnizo. Occurs only here in N.T., and in the Septuagint only in 2 Chronicles 25:12 .
30.
But he passing through the midst of them went his way,
passing through. Doubtless the eyes of the people were holden. See Luke 24:16 . Compare John 8:59 ; John 10:39 , John 10:40 (compare Psalms 18:29 Psalms 37:33 ).
through. Greek. dia. App-104 .Luke 4:1 .
went His way = went away. Probably never to return.
31.
And came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and taught them on the sabbath days.
And, &c. Figure of speech Polysyndeton ( App-6 ) in verses: Luke 4:31-37 . Compare Mark 1:21-28 .
Capernaum. The second place of His ministry. See the Structure (E2, p. 1442). See App-169 .
Galilee. See App-169 .
taught = was teaching (i.e. continuously).
32.
And they were astonished at his doctrine: for his word was with power.
astonished. Compare Matthew 7:28 .
doctrine = teaching. with. Greek. en. App-104 .
power = authority, as in Luke 4:6 .
33.
And in the synagogue there was a man, which had a spirit of an unclean devil, and cried out with a loud voice,
man. Greek anthropos. App-123 .
spirit = Greek. pneuma. App-101 .
of . Genitive of Apposition. App-17 .
unclean. Occurs thirty times, of which twenty-four apply to demons.
devil = demon.
34.
Saying, Let us alone; what have we to do with thee, thou Jesus of Nazareth? art thou come to destroy us? I know thee who thou art; the Holy One of God.
Let us alone = Ah!
what have , &c. See note on 2 Samuel 18:10 .
Jesus. Demons and Gadarenes, and His enemies could thus irreverently use this name, but His disciples with true reverence called Him" Master", or "Lord "(John 13:13 ). to destroy us. Compare James 2:19 .
I know , &c. Greek oida. App-132 . Note the Singular.
the Holy One of God. Compare Luke 1:35 .
Psalms 16:10 .
35.
And Jesus rebuked him, saying, Hold thy peace, and come out of him. And when the devil had thrown him in the midst, he came out of him, and hurt him not.
Hold thy peace = Be muzzled, as in 1 Corinthians 9:9 . Compare Matthew 22:12 , Matthew 22:34 .Mark 1:25 .
had thrown, &c. Greek rhipto, the medical word for convulsions. Occurs only here, Luke 17:2 .Matthew 9:36 ; Matthew 15:30 ; Matthew 27:5 ; and Acts 22:23 ; Acts 27:19 , Acts 27:29 .
in = into. Greek. eis. App-104 .
out of = away from. Greek. apo. App-104 .
hurt. Greek. blapto. A medical word, opposed to opheleo = to benefit. Occurs only here and Mark 16:18 .
not = in no possible manner. Greek. meden. Compound of me. App-106 .
36.
And they were all amazed, and spake among themselves, saying, What a word is this! for with authority and power he commandeth the unclean spirits, and they come out.
And they were all amazed = Astonishment came upon (Greek. epi. App-104 .) all.
amazed . Greek thambos = astonishment. Peculiar to Luke.
among = to (Greek. pros. App-104 .)one another.
What a word is this! What is this word, that? with. Greek. en. App-104 .
authority. Same word as power in Luke 4:6 .
37.
And the fame of him went out into every place of the country round about.
fame = noise, or ringing in the ears. Greek echos. Not the same word as in Luke 4:14 . Occurs only here, Acts 2:2 and Hebrews 12:19 . The verb echo occurs in Luke 21:25 and 1 Corinthians 13:1 . A medical word (see Colossians 4:14 ).
38.
And he arose out of the synagogue, and entered into Simon's house. And Simon's wife's mother was taken with a great fever; and they besought him for her.
And He arose , &c. Compare Matthew 8:14-17 . Mark 1:29-34 .
arose out of = arose [and went] out of:
taken = pressed, or oppressed. Compare Acts 28:8 . Almostpeculiar to Luke, who uses the word nine times; only three times elsewhere, Matthew 24:4 . 2 Corinthians 5:14 .Philippians 1:1 , Philippians 1:23 (being in a strait).
great. Peculiar to Luke, in this connection.
besought . Aorist Tense; implying a single act. Not the Imperfect, as generally used.
for = concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .
39.
And he stood over her, and rebuked the fever; and it left her: and immediately she arose and ministered unto them.
stood over her . A medical reference. Peculiar to Luke.
rebuked. Peculiar to Luke.
immediately . Greek. parachrema. See Luke 1:64 .
40.
Now when the sun was setting, all they that had any sick with divers diseases brought them unto him; and he laid his hands on every one of them, and healed them.
when the sun, &c. They waited for the end of the Sabbath. laid His hands, &c. Peculiar to Luke.
41.
And devils also came out of many, crying out, and saying, Thou art Christ the Son of God. And he rebuking them suffered them not to speak: for they knew that he was Christ.
crying out = screaming (inarticulately).
saying, Thou = saying that Thou. See note on Luke 4:34 .
Christ. All the texts omit this.
Christ = the Messiah. App-98 .
42.
And when it was day, he departed and went into a desert place: and the people sought him, and came unto him, and stayed him, that he should not depart from them.
And when , &c. Figure of speech Polysyndeton in verses: Luke 4:42-44 . Compare Mark 1:35-39 .
sought Him . All the texts read "were" seeking after Him "
unto = up to. Greek. heos.
stayed Him = held Him fast. Greek. katecho. See note on 2 Thessalonians 2:6 .
not. Greek. me. App-105 .
43.
And he said unto them, I must preach the kingdom of God to other cities also: for therefore am I sent.
said . . . I, &c. said. . that I must. See note on verses: Luke 21:24 .
the kingdom of God. See App-114 .
other = different. See App-124 .
for = because. This is the subject of the First Period of His ministry. See Luke 4:14 , and App-119 .
therefore = for (Greek. eis. App-104 .) this.
44.
And he preached in the synagogues of Galilee.