1.
These things have I spoken unto you, that ye should not be offended.
unto = to.
that = in order that. Greek. hina.
not . Greek. me. App-105 .
offended : literally scandalized, or caused to stumble. See John 6:61 .Matthew 5:29 ; Matthew 11:6 ; Matthew 26:31 , Matthew 26:33 . Compare 1 Corinthians 1:23 .Galatians 1:3 , Galatians 1:13 . The Talmud speaks of Him as "the hung".
2.
They shall put you out of the synagogues: yea, the time cometh, that whosoever killeth you will think that he doeth God service.
shall = will.
put you out, &c. = make you excommunicate. Greek. aposunagogos. Occurs only here; John 9:22 ; and John 12:42 . Compare John 9:34 , John 9:35 .
killeth. See Acts 7:59 ; Acts 12:2 ; Acts 23:12 ; Acts 26:10 .
doeth , &c. = is presenting an offering to God. See Acts 26:9 .
God. App-98 .
service . Greek. latreia, technical word for an "offering". Occurs five times: here; Romans 9:4 ; Romans 12:1 .Hebrews 9:1 , Hebrews 9:6 . In the Septuagint five times: Exodus 12:25 , Exodus 12:26 ; Exodus 13:5 . Jos 22:27 . 1 Chronicles 28:13 .
3.
And these things will they do unto you, because they have not known the Father, nor me.
unto you . All the texts omit.
have not known = knew not (Aor.),
not . Greek. ou. App-105 .
known . App-132 .
the Father . See p. 1511.
nor . Greek. oude .
4.
But these things have I told you, that when the time shall come, ye may remember that I told you of them. And these things I said not unto you at the beginning, because I was with you.
5.
But now I go my way to him that sent me; and none of you asketh me, Whither goest thou?
now . Greek. nun. See John 12:27 .
go My way = am going away: i.e. withdrawing.
to . Greek. pros. App-104 .
Him That sent Me . See on John 14:24 .
sent. Greek. pempo. App-174 .
none = no one. Greek. oudeis.
of = out of. Greek. ek. App-104 .
asketh. Greek erotao. App-134 . They did not grasp the expediency of His going. So questioning had given place to sorrow. All else was excluded by the distress caused by "the things" foretold.
6.
But because I have said these things unto you, sorrow hath filled your heart.
7.
Nevertheless I tell you the truth; It is expedient for you that I go away: for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you; but if I depart, I will send him unto you.
Nevertheless = But.
truth . Greek. atetheia. Compare App-175 ., and see p. 1511.
expedient = profitable. Greek. sumphero. Compare Matthew 5:29 , Matthew 5:30 . Acts 20:20 . Occurs in John here; John 11:50 ; and John 18:14 . The two last passages indicate what Caiaphas deemed "expedient".
go away : i.e. openly.
if . App-118 .
Comforter. See on John 14:16 .
unto. Greek. pros. Same as "to" in John 16:5 .
depart. Greek. poreuomai. Same word as in John 14:2 . Note the three different words used by the Lord. In this verse, aperchomai twice, translated "go away", expressing the fact; pareuomai, " depart", describing the change of sphere from earth to heaven, and in John 16:5 hupago, the manner, secretly, viz. by resurrection. It was in this way that Peter could not follow Him then (John 13:36 ).
8.
And when he is come, he will reprove the world of sin, and of righteousness, and of judgment:
And , &c. These four verses exhibit the Figure of speech Prosapodosis, App-6 .
when He is come = having come.
he. Greek. ekeinos. See John 14:26 .
reprove = convict, i.e. bring in guilty. Greek. elencho (Latin. convince). Elsewhere in John 3:20 , "reprove"; John 8:9 , "convict"; John 8:46 , "convince". Compare also Titus 1:9 . James 2:9 .
world. Greek. kosmos. App-129 .
of = concerning. App-104 .
sin. App-128 .
judgment. App-177 .
9.
Of sin, because they believe not on me;
because . The mission of the Holy Spirit was to bring the world in guilty in regard to three things: (1) SIN. In God's sight sin is refusal to believe the Gospel concerning His son (1 John 5:10 ). The Jews regarded only moral offences (as men do to-day) and infractions of the ceremonial law and the traditions of the elders (Matthew 15:2 ) as sin. (2) RIGHTEOUSNESS. Here also God's standard and man's differ. The Jews regarded the punctilious Pharisee (Luke 18:11 , Luke 18:12 ) as the ideal. The only righteous One, whose standard was the will of God (John 8:29 . Hebrews 10:7 ), was rejected and crucified, and now in righteousness was to be removed from the earth, the seal of the Father's approval being put upon Him by resurrection. In Him Who is made unto us righteousness (1 Corinthians 1:30 ), the Divine standard is revealed (Romans 1:17 ). (3) JUDGMENT. For the prince of this world has been already judged (John 12:31 ) and sentenced, and ere long the sentence will be executed (Romans 16:20 ).
believe . . . on. App-150 .
10.
Of righteousness, because I go to my Father, and ye see me no more;
My Father . See on John 14:2 .
see = behold. App-133 .
no more . Greek. ouketi.
11.
Of judgment, because the prince of this world is judged.
is judged = has been judged. App-122 .
12.
I have yet many things to say unto you, but ye cannot bear them now.
I have , &c. Still there are many things I have.
cannot = are not ( App-105 ) able.
bear . Greek. bastazo. Compare its use in John 10:31 ; John 19:17 . Matthew 20:12 .Acts 15:10 . Galatians 1:6 , Galatians 1:2 , Galatians 1:5 . Compare 1 Corinthians 3:2 .Hebrews 5:12 . 1 Peter 2:2 .
13.
Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth: for he shall not speak of himself; but whatsoever he shall hear, that shall he speak: and he will shew you things to come.
Howbeit = But.
the Spirit of truth. See on John 14:17 and App-101 .
is come = shall have come.
guide = lead on the way. Greek. hodegeo. Elsewhere in Matthew 15:14 .Luke 6:39 . Acts 8:31 .Revelation 7:17 . Used in the Septuagint for Hebrew. nahdh. Nehemiah 9:19 . Psa 23:8 ; Psalms 73:24 ; Psalms 139:24 , &c.
into. Greek. eis. App-104 .
all truth = all the truth: i.e. all the truth necessary for His people from Ascension to Descension; the truth concerning the Pentecostal Church, the blessed hope of His return, and the mystery or secret of' the Body of Christ, yet to be revealed to Paul.
of = from. Greek. apo. App-104 .
whatsoever = whatsoever things.
shall = will.
shew = tell or report. See John 4:25 ; John 5:15 .Acts 14:27 ; Acts 15:4 ; 1 Peter 1:12 .
things to come = the coming things.
14.
He shall glorify me: for he shall receive of mine, and shall shew it unto you.
glorify . See p. 1511.
15.
All things that the Father hath are mine: therefore said I, that he shall take of mine, and shall shew it unto you.
16.
A little while, and ye shall not see me: and again, a little while, and ye shall see me, because I go to the Father.
A little while . See on John 13:33 .
shall not see Me . Most of the texts read, "see ( App-133 .) Me no more".
see . App-133 :. a. Not the same word as in first clause.
because , &c. T Tr. A WI R omit this clause.
17.
Then said some of his disciples among themselves, What is this that he saith unto us, A little while, and ye shall not see me: and again, a little while, and ye shall see me: and, Because I go to the Father?
Then = Therefore.
among themselves = to (Greek. pros. App-104 .) one another.
18.
They said therefore, What is this that he saith, A little while? we cannot tell what he saith.
cannot tell = do not (Greek. ou . App-105 .) know. App-132 .
19.
Now Jesus knew that they were desirous to ask him, and said unto them, Do ye inquire among yourselves of that I said, A little while, and ye shall not see me: and again, a little while, and ye shall see me?
Now. All the texts omit.
Jesus . App-98 .
were desirous = were wishing. Greek. thelo. App-102 .
among yourselves = with (Greek. meta. App-104 .) one another.
20.
Verily, verily, I say unto you, That ye shall weep and lament, but the world shall rejoice: and ye shall be sorrowful, but your sorrow shall be turned into joy.
Verily, verily. Twenty-third occurrence. See on John 1:51 .
weep . Greek. klaio. See John 11:31 , John 11:38 .
lament. Greek. threneo (compare Engl. threnody). See Luke 23:27 , and the other two occurances. Matthew 11:17 , and Luke 7:32 (mourn).
21.
A woman when she is in travail hath sorrow, because her hour is come: but as soon as she is delivered of the child, she remembereth no more the anguish, for joy that a man is born into the world.
A woman = The woman. The article, in conjunction with the Hebraism "in that day", verses: John 16:23 , John 16:26 , in. dicates the woman (wife) of Revelation 12 . See Isaiah 66:7-11 .Micah 5:3 . Compare Psalms 22:31 .Hosea 13:13 .Micah 4:9 , Micah 4:10 . The time is the time of Jacob's trouble (Jeremiah 30:7 ), the birth -pangs (sorrows, Matthew 24:8 ) which will result in the birth of the new Israel, the nation of Isaiah 66:8 and Matthew 21:43 .
child. App-108 :
anguish. Greek. thlipsis, tribulation. Matthew 24:21 , Matthew 24:29 .
for = on account of. Greek. dia. App-104 .John 16:2 .
man. App-123 .
is born = was born.
22.
And ye now therefore have sorrow: but I will see you again, and your heart shall rejoice, and your joy no man taketh from you.
heart . Compare John 14:1 .
no man = no one. Greek. oudeis.
taketh . Most of' the texts read "shall take".
from . Greek. apo. App-104 .
23.
And in that day ye shall ask me nothing. Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whatsoever ye shall ask the Father in my name, he will give it you.
in that day . See John 14:20 . The use of this important Hebraism (Isaiah 2:11 , Isaiah 2:12 and note there) in connexion with the woman of John 16:21 shows that it refers to Israel and has nothing to do with the Church. The promise as to "asking in My name" was fulfilled as long as the offer of restoration on condition of national repentance continued; when that offer was withdrawn (Acts 28:28 ), the promises (and "gifts") were 'with-drawn also. They will be renewed "in that day".
in. Greek. en. App-104 .
nothing . A double negative. Greek. ouk ouden.
ask . Greek. aiteo. App-134 .
in My name . See on John 14:13 . The texts connect "in My name" with "give" instead of' "ask".
24.
Hitherto have ye asked nothing in my name: ask, and ye shall receive, that your joy may be full.
Hitherto = Until now.
have ye asked = asked ye.
full = fulfilled: i.e. filled full.
25.
These things have I spoken unto you in proverbs: but the time cometh, when I shall no more speak unto you in proverbs, but I shall shew you plainly of the Father.
proverbs . Greek. paroimia, a wayside saying. Occurs five times: here (twice); John 16:29 ; John 10:6 (parable); and 2 Peter 2:22 . In the Septuagint it is found in Proverbs 1:1 and at the title of the book. Elsewhere parabole is used. In N.T. parabole is frequent, rendered "parable", save Mark 4:30 (comparison); Luke 4:23 (proverb); and Hebrews 9:9 ; Hebrews 11:19 (figure).
but . Omit.
the time = an hour.
plainly = in free speech, openly. See John 11:14 .
26.
At that day ye shall ask in my name: and I say not unto you, that I will pray the Father for you:
At = In. Greek. en. App-104 .
that day . See John 16:23 .
pray. Greek. erotao. Same as "ask" in John 16:5 .
for = concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .
27.
For the Father himself loveth you, because ye have loved me, and have believed that I came out from God.
28.
I came forth from the Father, and am come into the world: again, I leave the world, and go to the Father.
go . Same word as "depart", John 16:7 .
29.
His disciples said unto him, Lo, now speakest thou plainly, and speakest no proverb.
said = say. The texts omit "unto Him".
Lo. Greek. ide. App-133 .
no . Greek. oudeis.
30.
Now are we sure that thou knowest all things, and needest not that any man should ask thee: by this we believe that thou camest forth from God.
are we sure = we know. Greek. oida. App-132 . Same word as "tell "(John 16:18 ) and "knowest "in next clause.
by = in. Greek. en. App-104 .
31.
Jesus answered them, Do ye now believe?
believe . App-150 .
32.
Behold, the hour cometh, yea, is now come, that ye shall be scattered, every man to his own, and shall leave me alone: and yet I am not alone, because the Father is with me.
Behold . Greek. idou. App-133 .
the hour = an hour (no art.) All the texts omit "now".
shall be scattered = should be dispersed. Greek. skorpieo. Occurs elsewhere John 10:12 .Matthew 12:30 . Luke 11:23 . 2 Corinthians 9:9 . A stronger word in John 11:52 .Matthew 26:31 .
every man = each.
to = unto. Greek. App-104 .
his own = his own (home). Greek. to idia. Compare John 1:11 , where it means his own possessions.
and yet = and.
33.
These things I have spoken unto you, that in me ye might have peace. In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of good cheer; I have overcome the world.
peace . Greek. eirene. See John 14:27 ; John 20:19 , Joh 21:26 .
tribulation . Same as "anguish", John 16:21 .
overcome = conquered. Greek nikao. Occurs twenty-eight times. Only here in John's Gospel, but six times in first Epistle. Always translated "overcome", except in Revelation 5:5 ; Revelation 6:2 ; Revelation 15:2 . The noun nike only in 1 John 5:4 , and nikos in Matthew 12:20 . 1 Corinthians 15:54 , 1 Corinthians 15:55 , 1 Corinthians 15:57 .