1.
And it came to pass on the second sabbath after the first, that he went through the corn fields; and his disciples plucked the ears of corn, and did eat, rubbing them in their hands.
it came to pass. A Hebraism.
on. Greek. en. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 6:20 , Luke 6:39 , Luke 6:49 .
the second sabbath after the first. All this represents only one word in the Greek (deuteroprotos), i.e. the second-first. Occurs only here in the N.T. The first and second sabbaths can occur only in the week of the three great Feasts. The first day of these feasts is a Sabbath "high day "(Hebrew. porn tov)), and is the "first "or great sabbath, whatever day of the week it falls on (see Leviticus 23:7 , Leviticus 23:24 , Leviticus 23:35 ), the weekly sabbath then becomes the "
second. This "second sabbath "was therefore the ordinary weekly sabbath, as is clear from Matthew 12:1 . Not seeing this the current Greek texts solve the difficulty by omitting the word altogether! L Trm. WI R.
went = was going.
through. Greek dia. App-104 .Luke 6:1 .
corn fields . See Matthew 12:1 .
did eat = were eating.
2.
And certain of the Pharisees said unto them, Why do ye that which is not lawful to do on the sabbath days?
3.
And Jesus answering them said, Have ye not read so much as this, what David did, when himself was an hungred, and they which were with him;
Jesus. App-98 .
answering . . . said. See note on Deuteronomy 1:41 .
them = to (Greek. pros. App-104 ) them.
Have ye not read. See App-143 .
not = not so much as. Greek. ouden, compound of on. App-105 .
what David did . See notes on Matthew 12:4 .
with = in company with. Greek meta. App-104 .
4.
How he went into the house of God, and did take and eat the shewbread, and gave also to them that were with him; which it is not lawful to eat but for the priests alone?
into . Greek eis. App-104 .
did take . Peculiar to Luke.
also to them = to them also.
5.
And he said unto them, That the Son of man is Lord also of the sabbath.
the Son of man. See App-98 .
also of the sabbath = of the sabbath also.
6.
And it came to pass also on another sabbath, that he entered into the synagogue and taught: and there was a man whose right hand was withered.
also on another sabbath = on another sabbath also. Compare Matthew 12:9-14 .Mark 3:1-6 .
man. Greek anthropos. App-123 .
whose right hand = his hand, the right [one]. withered. See on Mark 3:1 .
7.
And the scribes and Pharisees watched him, whether he would heal on the sabbath day; that they might find an accusation against him.
8.
But he knew their thoughts, and said to the man which had the withered hand, Rise up, and stand forth in the midst. And he arose and stood forth.
9.
Then said Jesus unto them, I will ask you one thing; Is it lawful on the sabbath days to do good, or to do evil? to save life, or to destroy it?
unto. Greek pros. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 6:35 .
I will ask . All the texts read, "I ask", i.e. "I further ask".
life = a soul. See App-110 .
10.
And looking round about upon them all, he said unto the man, Stretch forth thy hand. And he did so: and his hand was restored whole as the other.
looking round , &c. Mark's Divine supplement is "with anger", &c.
whole = healed.
other. See App-124 .
11.
And they were filled with madness; and communed one with another what they might do to Jesus.
filled with = filled of. See note on Luke 5:26 .
madness = senseless rage.
communed = began to discuss.
with = [saying] one to. Greek. pros. App-104 .
12.
And it came to pass in those days, that he went out into a mountain to pray, and continued all night in prayer to God.
in . Greek. en. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 6:8 , Luke 6:17 ; Luk 6:-23 .
a = the.
to pray. The third of seven such occasions in Luke. See note on Luke 3:21 .
continued all night . Peculiar to Luke. A medical word. Compare Matthew 14:23 .
prayer to God. Greek. prayer of God. Genitive of Relation. App-17 .
13.
And when it was day, he called unto him his disciples: and of them he chose twelve, whom also he named apostles;
14.
Simon, (whom he also named Peter,) and Andrew his brother, James and John, Philip and Bartholomew,
also named = named also. See App-141 .
Bartholomew. App-94 .
15.
Matthew and Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, and Simon called Zelotes,
Matthew and Thomas . . . Alphaeus. All Aramaic. App-94 .
16.
And Judas the brother of James, and Judas Iscariot, which also was the traitor.
also was the traitor = became even a traitor.
17.
And he came down with them, and stood in the plain, and the company of his disciples, and a great multitude of people out of all Judaea and Jerusalem, and from the sea coast of Tyre and Sidon, which came to hear him, and to be healed of their diseases;
stood = stopped.
in = on. Greek. epi. App-104 .
the plain = a level [spot].
the company = a crowd.
out of = away from. Greek. apo. App-104 .
healed. Greek iaomai. Compare Luke 5:17 .
18.
And they that were vexed with unclean spirits: and they were healed.
vexed = beset.
with . Greek hupo. App-104 ., but the Texts read apo. spirits. Greek. pneuma. See App-101 . healed. Greek. therapeuo. Compare Luke 5:15 .
19.
And the whole multitude sought to touch him: for there went virtue out of him, and healed them all.
sought . . . went , &c. Bothare the Imperf. Tense = all the while were seeking to touch Him, for virtue was going out, &c.
virtue = power. App-172 .
out of = from (beside). Greek. para. App-104 .
20.
And he lifted up his eyes on his disciples, and said, Blessed be ye poor: for yours is the kingdom of God.
And, &c. Not "Luke's version" of "the Sermon on the Mount", but a repetition in a different form of certain parts of it on a subsequent occasion. Why create a "discrepancy "by supposing that our Lord never repeated any part of His discourses? Compare Isaiah 28:9-13 .
lifted up His eyes. Peculiar to Luke.
on = unto. Greek. eis. App-104 .
Blessed, &c. = Happy. See note on Matthew 5:3 .
the kingdom of God . See App-114 .
21.
Blessed are ye that hunger now: for ye shall be filled. Blessed are ye that weep now: for ye shall laugh.
now. In contrast with the future. In Divine reckoning the best always comes last. Peculiar to Luke.
22.
Blessed are ye, when men shall hate you, and when they shall separate you from their company, and shall reproach you, and cast out your name as evil, for the Son of man's sake.
separate you , &c. = cut you off.
cast out , &c. Compare Deuteronomy 22:19 .
evil. Greek. poneros. App-128 .
for = on account of. Greek heneka.
the Son of man . See App-98 .
23.
Rejoice ye in that day, and leap for joy: for, behold, your reward is great in heaven: for in the like manner did their fathers unto the prophets.
behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .
heaven = the heavens. Seenotes on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .
in the like manner = according to (Greek. kata. App-104 .) the same things. unto = to.
24.
But woe unto you that are rich! for ye have received your consolation.
But. Greek. plen. Emphatic. woe. This is not a different and discrepant version of the Sermon on the Mount, but a varied repetition of parts of it.
have received = are receiving. Greek. apecho. The common word in the Papyri for a receipt. See note on Matthew 6:2 .
consolation . Greek paraklesis = comfort. Akin to "Comforter". John 14:16 , John 14:26
, &c. Compare Luke 2:25 .
25.
Woe unto you that are full! for ye shall hunger. Woe unto you that laugh now! for ye shall mourn and weep.
are full = have been filled.
26.
Woe unto you, when all men shall speak well of you! for so did their fathers to the false prophets.
the false prophets . Compare Jeremiah 5:31 . 1Ki 18:19 , 1 Kings 18:22 ; 1 Kings 22:11 .Isaiah 30:10 .
27.
But I say unto you which hear, Love your enemies, do good to them which hate you,
Love. Greek. agapao. See App-135 .
good = well.
28.
Bless them that curse you, and pray for them which despitefully use you.
29.
And unto him that smiteth thee on the one cheek offer also the other; and him that taketh away thy cloke forbid not to take thy coat also.
on . Greek. epi. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 6:1 , Luke 6:2 , Luke 6:6 , Luke 1:7 , Luke 1:20 .
cheek = jaw.
also the other = the other also.
other . See App-124 .
cloke = mantle. See Matthew 5:40 .
not. Greek me. App-105 .
coat = tunic. See Matthew 5:40 .
30.
Give to every man that asketh of thee; and of him that taketh away thy goods ask them not again.
31.
And as ye would that men should do to you, do ye also to them likewise.
as = according
as would = desire. Greek thelo. See App-102 .
32.
For if ye love them which love you, what thank have ye? for sinners also love those that love them.
33.
And if ye do good to them which do good to you, what thank have ye? for sinners also do even the same.
if ye do good . The condition being quite uncertain, where experience will decide. App-118 .
34.
And if ye lend to them of whom ye hope to receive, what thank have ye? for sinners also lend to sinners, to receive as much again.
of = from. Greek. para. App-104 .
as much again = the like.
35.
But love ye your enemies, and do good, and lend, hoping for nothing again; and your reward shall be great, and ye shall be the children of the Highest: for he is kind unto the unthankful and to the evil.
great. Emph. by Figure of speech Hyperbaton. App-6 .
children = sons.
App-108 .
the Highest . Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct) for Him Who is on high. See note on Luke 1:32 .
unto . Greek. epi. App-104 .
36.
Be ye therefore merciful, as your Father also is merciful.
Be ye = Become ye.
merciful = compassionate. Greek. oiktirmon. Occurs only here and James 5:11 .
37.
Judge not, and ye shall not be judged: condemn not, and ye shall not be condemned: forgive, and ye shall be forgiven:
not. Greek ou me. App-105 .
38.
Give, and it shall be given unto you; good measure, pressed down, and shaken together, and running over, shall men give into your bosom. For with the same measure that ye mete withal it shall be measured to you again.
men = [they] the professional measurers. mete. Anglo-Saxon = to measure.
39.
And he spake a parable unto them, Can the blind lead the blind? shall they not both fall into the ditch?
Can the blind . . . ? = Is a blind [man] able to lea, a blind [man]?
shall = will.
40.
The disciple is not above his master: but every one that is perfect shall be as his master.
above. Greek huper. App-104 .
master = teacher. Greek. didaskalos. App-98 .
perfect = set to rights (by his instruction being complete). See App-125 .
41.
And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's eye, but perceivest not the beam that is in thine own eye?
beholdest. See App-133 .
mote . . . beam. See notes on Matthew 7:3 .
42.
Either how canst thou say to thy brother, Brother, let me pull out the mote that is in thine eye, when thou thyself beholdest not the beam that is in thine own eye? Thou hypocrite, cast out first the beam out of thine own eye, and then shalt thou see clearly to pull out the mote that is in thy brother's eye.
canst thou . . . ? = art thou able?
out of. Greek. ek. App-104 . Not the same word a in verses: Luke 17:19 .
43.
For a good tree bringeth not forth corrupt fruit; neither doth a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit.
44.
For every tree is known by his own fruit. For of thorns men do not gather figs, nor of a bramble bush gather they grapes.
is known = gets to be known. Greek ginosko. App-132 . by. Greek. ek. App-104 .
his = its.
of = from. Greek. ek. App-104 .
bramble bush. Greek. batos. Occurs outside Lake and Acts only in Mark 12:26 . It is the same word in Exodus 3:2-4 (Septuagint).
45.
A good man out of the good treasure of his heart bringeth forth that which is good; and an evil man out of the evil treasure of his heart bringeth forth that which is evil: for of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaketh.
of = out of. Greek. ek. App-104 . Compare Isaiah 32:6 .
46.
And why call ye me, Lord, Lord, and do not the things which I say?
Lord, Lord. Figure of speech Epizeuxis ( App-6 ), for emphasis App-98 . B. a.
47.
Whosoever cometh to me, and heareth my sayings, and doeth them, I will shew you to whom he is like:
48.
He is like a man which built an house, and digged deep, and laid the foundation on a rock: and when the flood arose, the stream beat vehemently upon that house, and could not shake it: for it was founded upon a rock.
digged deep . Greek. digged and deepened. Figure of speech Hendiadys ( App-6 ), for emphasis: i.e. he dug-yea, he dug deep.
a = the. rock. Greek petra. As in Matthew 16:18 .
flood, or inundation . Greek plemmura. Only here in N. T
stream = river. Greek. potamos.
beat vehemently = burst or brake. A medical term for a rupture.
for, &c. All the texts read "on account of (Greek. dia ) its being well built".
upon . Greek. epi. App-104 .
49.
But he that heareth, and doeth not, is like a man that without a foundation built an house upon the earth; against which the stream did beat vehemently, and immediately it fell; and the ruin of that house was great.
doeth not . The Negative expresses the feeling = doth not wish to do them.
it fell. All the texts read sunepesen for epesen, i.e. it collapsed.
ruin = breaking up. Another medical word.