1.
And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place.
when, &c. Literally in the day. being completed. The Syriac and Vulgate read "days". This refers to the completion of the seven weeks (fifty days inclusive) from the waving of the sheaf of firstfruits (Leviticus 23:15 , Leviticus 23:16 ).
Pentecost = fiftieth (day). Greek. Pentekostos. Only here; Act 20:16 . 1 Corinthians 16:8 .
fully come = being fulfilled. Greek. siimpleroo. Only here and Luke 8:23 ; Luke 9:51 .
with one accord. See note on Acts 1:14 .
in one place = together. See note on Acts 1:15 .
2.
And suddenly there came a sound from heaven as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting.
suddenly. Greek. aphno. Only here; Acts 16:26 ; Acts 28:6 .
sound. Greek. echos. Only here; Luke 4:37 . Hebrews 12:19 .
from. App-104 .
heaven = the heaven (singular) See Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .
rushing, &c. = a mighty wind borne along.
rushing. Greek. pass, of phero. Same word as in 2 Peter 1:21 (moved).
mighty. Greek. biaios. Only here. The noun, bia (force), is only found in Acts. See Acts 5:26 .
wind = blast. Greek. pnoe, from pneo , to breathe, or blow, whence pneuma. Only here and Acts 17:25 . In the Septuagint twenty-one times, of which fifteen are the rendering of the Hebrew neshamah. App-16 .
3.
And there appeared unto them cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon each of them.
appeared unto = were seen by. Greek. horao. App-133 .
cloven tongues = tongues distributing, or parting themselves.
upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .
each = each one.
4.
And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance.
the Holy Ghost = Holy Spirit. App-101 .
speak. Greek. laleo. App-121 .
other. Greek. heteros. App-124 .
as = even as.
the Spirit. App-101 .
gave = was giving.
utterance = to utter or speak forth. Greek. apophthengomai, here, Acts 2:14 , and Acts 26:25 .
5.
And there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven.
dwelling. Greek. katoikeo. As in Acts 1:19 . Not sojourners for the Feast, but Jews of the dispersion who had taken up their abode at Jerusalem, perhaps because of the expectation of the Messiah. Compare Luke 2:25 , Luke 2:38 .
at = in. App-104 .
devout = pious. Greek. eulabes. Only here, Acts 8:2 , and Luke 2:25 .
men. App-123 .
out of. Greek. apo. App-104 .
nation. Greek. ethnos. In Acts translated twelve times, "nation"; thirty times, "Gentiles"; once, "people" (Acts 8:9 ); and once, "heathen" (Acts 4:25 ).
under = of those under. App-104 .
6.
Now when this was noised abroad, the multitude came together, and were confounded, because that every man heard them speak in his own language.
when, &c. Literally this voice (Greek. phone) having come.
multitude. Greek. plethos. Occurs seventeen times in Acts, translated multitude, save Acts 28:3 , "bundle".
confounded. Greek. sunchuno. Only here, Acts 9:22 ; Acts 19:32 ; Acts 21:27 , Acts 21:31 .
every man, &c. = they heard them speaking, each one.
language. Greek. dialektos. See note on Acts 1:19 .
7.
And they were all amazed and marvelled, saying one to another, Behold, are not all these which speak Galilaeans?
amazed = dumbfounded. Compare Mark 3:21 .
one to another = to ( App-104 .) one another. The texts omit, but not the Syriac.
Behold. App-133 . Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .
8.
And how hear we every man in our own tongue, wherein we were born?
tongue. Greek. dialektos, as in Acts 2:6 .
wherein. In ( App-104 .) which.
9.
Parthians, and Medes, and Elamites, and the dwellers in Mesopotamia, and in Judaea, and Cappadocia, in Pontus, and Asia,
Parthiars, &c. These were Jews of the dispersion. The first four were within the limits of the Persian Empire. Elam is mentioned in Genesis 14:1 .Jeremiah 49:34 (note). Daniel 8:2 , &c. Mesopotamia is the same as Padan-Aram (Genesis 24:10 ; Genesis 28:2 ).
Cappadocia, &c. Provinces of Asia Minor. Asia here means the district comprising Mysia, Lydia, &c. on the Western coast, governed by a Roman pro-consul. Compare Revelation 1:4 .
10.
Phrygia, and Pamphylia, in Egypt, and in the parts of Libya about Cyrene, and strangers of Rome, Jews and proselytes,
Egypt, &c. These were from Africa.
strangers, &c. = sojourners from Rome. Greek. epidemeo. Only here and Acts 17:21 .
proselytes. See note on Matthew 23:15 .
11.
Cretes and Arabians, we do hear them speak in our tongues the wonderful works of God.
Crates = Cretans. See Titus 1:12 .
wonderful works = great things. Greek. megaleios. Only here and Luke 1:49 .
God. App-98 .
12.
And they were all amazed, and were in doubt, saying one to another, What meaneth this?
were in doubt = were perplexed. Occurs here; Acts 5:24 ; Acts 10:17 . Luke 9:7 ; Luke 24:4 .
What meaneth this? = What does this imply? Greek. thelo. ( App-102 .)
13.
Others mocking said, These men are full of new wine.
mocking. Greek. chleuazo. Only here and Acts 17:32 . The texts read diachleuazo.
These men = They.
are full = have been filled. Greek. mestoo. Only here.
new wine . Greek. gleukos. Only here. This word and mestoo are frequent in medical works.
14.
But Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and said unto them, Ye men of Judaea, and all ye that dwell at Jerusalem, be this known unto you, and hearken to my words:
voice. Greek. phone. See Acts 2:6 .
said = spoke out. Greek. apophthengomai, as in Acts 2:4 . This was an utterance in the power of the Holy Spirit.
unto = to.
Ye men, &c. Literally men, Jews, and dwellers at Jerusalem. See note on Acts 1:11 . The ministry of Peter was to the Circumcision. Compare Matthew 15:24 .
known. See note on Acts 1:19 .
hearken = attend closely. Greek. enotizomai. Only here. Literally take into the ears.
words = sayings. Greek. rhema. Mark 9:32 .
15.
For these are not drunken, as ye suppose, seeing it is but the third hour of the day.
suppose. Greek. hupolambano. See note on Acts 1:9 .
seeing = for.
the third hour: i.e. 9am. App-165 . Compare 1 Thessalonians 5:7 .
16.
But this is that which was spoken by the prophet Joel;
this is that, &. c. Quoted from Joel 2:28-31 . See App-183 .
by = through. App-104 .Acts 2:1 .
17.
And it shall come to pass in the last days, saith God,I will pour out of my Spirit upon all flesh: and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, and your young men shall see visions, and your old men shall dream dreams:
in. App-104 .
the last days. See note on Genesis 49:1 .
pour out. Greek. ekcheo. Translated "shed forth" in Acts 2:33 .
Spirit. App-101 .
all flesh. A Hebraism. Compare Isaiah 40:5 ; Isaiah 66:24 .Luke 3:6 . John 17:2 .
sons. Greek. huios. App-108 .
young men. App-108 .
see. App-133 .
visions. Greek. horasis. Revelation 4:3 ; Revelation 9:17 .
dream. Only here and Jude 1:8 .
dreams. Only here.
18.
And on my servants and on my handmaidens I will pour out in those days of my Spirit; and they shall prophesy:
servants. Greek. doulos. App-190 .
handmaidens = bondmaids. Greek. doule.
19.
And I will shew wonders in heaven above, and signs in the earth beneath; blood, and fire, and vapour of smoke:
shew = give.
wonders. App-176 .
signs. App-176 .
earth. App-129 . Wonders in the heavens, signs upon earth.
vapour. Only here and James 4:14 .
smoke. Only here, and twelve times in Revelation.
20.
The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before that great and notable day of the Lord come:
turned = changed. Only here; Galatians 1:1 , Galatians 1:7 . James 4:9 .
into. App-104 .
notable. Greek. epiphanes. Only here. Same word as in the Septuagint. Compare App-106 . The kindred noun, epiphaneia, is used of the Lord's coming. 2 Thessalonians 2:8 . 1 Timothy 6:14 , &c. In Joel, the word is "terrible".
day of the Lord. First occurance of this expression is in Isaiah 2:12 . See note there.
21.
And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall call on the name of the Lord shall be saved.
call, &c. Greek. epikaleo. Compare Acts 7:59 ; Acts 9:14 ; Acts 22:16 . Romans 10:12-14 . 1 Corinthians 1:2 .
22.
Ye men of Israel, hear these words; Jesus of Nazareth, a man approved of God among you by miracles and wonders and signs, which God did by him in the midst of you, as ye yourselves also know:
Ye men, &c. Compare Acts 2:14 .
words. App-121 .
Jesus. App-98 .
of Nazareth = the Nazarene. This title occurs seven times in Acts.
Man. App-123 .
approved = set forth, or commended. Greek. apodeiknumi. Only here, Acts 25:7 . 1Co 4:9 . 2 Thessalonians 2:4 .
among = unto. App-104 .
miracles = powers. App-176 .
also. Omit.
know. App-132 .
23.
Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain:
being delivered. Only here.
determinate = determined. Greek. horizo. Here; Acts 10:42 ; Acts 11:29 ; Acts 17:26 , Acts 17:31 .Luke 22:22 .Romans 1:4 .Hebrews 4:7 .
counsel. App-102 .
foreknowledge. Greek. prognosis. Compare App-132 . Only here and 1 Peter 1:2 .
have taken, and. The texts omit.
wicked. Greek. anomos. App-128 .
have crucified = nailed up to (the cross). Greek. prospegnumi. Only here. In the other forty-five places "crucify" is stauroo.
slain. = slew. Greek. anaireo, take off, or away. Occurs twenty-three times. All in Luke and Acts, save Mat 2:26 . Hebrews 10:9 .
24.
Whom God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of death: because it was not possible that he should be holden of it.
raised up. App-178 . Compare Acts 13:32 , Acts 13:33 .
pains = birth-pangs. Greek. odin. Only here; Matthew 24:8 . Mark 13:8 . 1 Thessalonians 5:3 . Used in the Septuagint in Psalms 116:3 , where the Authorized Version reads "sorrows".
holden. Same word as "retain", in John 20:23 .
of = by. App-104 .
25.
For David speaketh concerning him, I foresaw the Lord always before my face, for he is on my right hand, that I should not be moved:
David. Psalms 18:8 .
concerning = with reference to. App-104 .
foresaw = saw before (me). Only here and Acts 21:29 . Greek. proorao.
always = through ( App-104 .Acts 2:1; Acts 2:1 ) every (event).
before my face. Literally in the eyes of (Greek. enopion) me.
on. App-104 .
that = in order that. Greek. hina.
not. App-105 .
moved. shaken.
26.
Therefore did my heart rejoice, and my tongue was glad; moreover also my flesh shall rest in hope:
Therefore = On account of ( App-104 .Acts 2:2; Acts 2:2 ) this.
was glad = rejoiced exceedingly. See Matthew 5:12 . 1 Peter 1:8 ; 1 Peter 4:13 .
also my flesh = my flesh also.
rest. Literally tabernacle. Greek. kataskenoo. Here; Matthew 13:32 .Mark 4:32 .Luke 13:19 .
27.
Because thou wilt not leave my soul in hell, neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see corruption.
leave = forsake, or abandon. Greek. enkataleipo. Occurs nine times. Always translated "forsake", except here and Romans 9:29 .
my soul = me. App-110 .
in = into. App-104 .
hell. App-131 .
neither. Greek. oude.
suffer = give.
Holy One. Greek. hosios. Here; Acts 13:34 , Acts 13:35 ; 1 Timothy 2:8 . Titus 1:8 . Hebrews 7:26 . Revelation 15:4 ; Revelation 16:5 . Over thirty times in Septuagint, of which twenty-five are in Psalms. Mostly as rendering of Hebrew. ha id = grace, or favour. See Deuteronomy 33:8 . Psalms 16:10 ; Psalms 52:9 .
see. App-133 .
corruption. Greek. diaphthora. Only here; Acts 2:31 ; Acts 13:34-37 .
28.
Thou hast made known to me the ways of life; thou shalt make me full of joy with thy countenance.
hast made known = madest known. App-132 .
life. App-170 .
joy. Greek. euphrosune. Only here and Acts 14:17 .
29.
Men and brethren, let me freely speak unto you of the patriarch David, that he is both dead and buried, and his sepulchre is with us unto this day.
Men, &c. See note on Acts 1:11 .
let me = I may.
freely = with ( App-104 .) frankness.
unto. App-104 .
patriarch. Occurs here, Acts 7:8 , Acts 7:9 , and Hebrews 7:4 . Applied to Abraham and the sons of Jacob, as founders of' the nation, and to David, as founder of the monarchy.
sepulchre = tomb, as in Mark 5:5 . Greek. mnema. Compare Acts 7:16 . Luke 23:53 . The more usual word is mnemeion, as in Acts 13:29 .
with = among Greek. en . App-104 .
unto = until Greek. achri.
30.
Therefore being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him, that of the fruit of his loins, according to the flesh, he would raise up Christ to sit on his throne;
being. Greek. huparcho. See note on Luke 9:48 .
had sworn = swore. See 2 Samuel 7 .
with = by.
according . . . Christ to sit. The texts read, "He would set (one)".
on = Greek. epi . App-104 .
His throne. i.e. God's throne. Compare 1 Chronicles 29:23 , and see Psalms 2:6 .
31.
He seeing this before spake of the resurrection of Christ, that his soul was not left in hell, neither his flesh did see corruption.
seeing this before = fore-seeing(it). Greek. proeidon. Here and Galatians 1:3 , Galatians 1:8 .
resurrection. Greek. anastasis. App-178 .
Christ = the Christ. App-98 .
His soul. Texts read "He".
left. Greek. kataleipo, but the texts read enkataleipo, as in Acts 2:27 .
did see = saw.
32.
This Jesus hath God raised up, whereof we all are witnesses.
hath. Omit.
whereof = of which.
all. i.e. the twelve.
witnesses. See note on Acts 1:8 .
33.
Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear.
being . . . exalted. Greek. hupsoo. See note on John 12:32 .
of = from beside. Greek. para . App-104 .
promise. See note on Acts 1:4 .
the Holy Ghost = the Holy Spirit. App-101 .
shed forth. Same as "pour out" in verses: Acts 17:18 .
now. Omit.
see. Greek. blepo. App-133 .
34.
For David is not ascended into the heavens: but he saith himself, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,
is not ascended = went not up. Therefore still sleeping. Compare Acts 13:36 .
the heavens. See note on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .
35.
Until I make thy foes thy footstool.
Thy footstool = the footstool of Thy feet. Quoted from Psalms 110:1 . See note on Matthew 22:44 .
36.
Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ.
all the house, &c. Compare Acts 2:14 .
know. Greek. ginosko. App-132 .
assuredly. Greek. asphalos. See note on "safely", Mark 14:44 .
have crucified = crucified. Greek. stauroo, not same word as in Acts 2:23 .
37.
Now when they heard this, they were pricked in their heart, and said unto Peter and to the rest of the apostles, Men and brethren, what shall we do?
pricked = pierced through. Only here in NT. In Septuagint Genesis 34:7 . Psalms 109:16 , &c.
apostles. See App-189 .
38.
Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.
Repent. App-111 .
be baptized . . . in. App-115 . For the formula of baptism, see App-185 .
name. Note the frequent use of "the name" in the Acts. Compare Acts 3:6 , Acts 3:16 ; Acts 4:10 , Acts 4:12 , Acts 4:17 , Acts 4:18 , Acts 4:30 , &c. See also Genesis 12:8 . Exodus 3:13-15 ; Exodus 23:21 .
Jesus Christ. i.e. Jesus as Messiah. App-98 .
for. Greek. eis. App-104 .
remission = forgiveness. Greek. aphesis. Compare App-174 .
sins. App-128 .
gift = free gift. Greek. dorea. See note on John 4:10 . Always used of divine gifts. The word doron is always used of man's gifts, except in Ephesians 2:8 .
39.
For the promise is unto you, and to your children, and to all that are afar off, even as many as the Lord our God shall call.
children. App-108 .
afar off. Literally unto (Greek. eis) far, i.e. the Dispersion and then the Gentiles. Compare Acts 22:21 .Ephesians 2:13 , Ephesians 2:17 . Figure of speech Euphemismos. App-6 .
call = call to (Himself).
40.
And with many other words did he testify and exhort, saying, Save yourselves from this untoward generation.
with = by.
testify = earnestly testify. Greek. diamarturomai. Occurs fifteen times. Once in Luke 16:28 , nine times in Acts, and five times in Paul's Epistles.
exhort. App-134 .
from = away from. Greek. apo. App-104 . untoward = crooked.
41.
Then they that gladly received his word were baptized: and the same day there were added unto them about three thousand souls.
gladly. Texts omit.
received = received fully. Greek. apodechomai. Only here; Acts 15:4 ; Acts 18:27 ; Acts 24:3 ; Acts 28:30 . Luke 8:40 .
baptized. App-115 .
souls. App-110 . See Psalms 110:3 .
42.
And they continued stedfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers.
And. This and the "ands" in following verses give the Figure of speech Polysyndeton. App-6 .
continued stedfastly. Greek. proskartereo. See note on Acts 1:14 .
doctrine = teaching.
fellowship = the fellowship. Compare Acts 2:44 .
breaking of bread. This was the common meal. Compare verses:## Act 44:46 and Matthew 14:19 . Isaiah 58:7 .
breaking. Only here and Luke 24:35 .
prayers = the prayers. App-134 . Compare Acts 3:1 .
43.
And fear came upon every soul: and many wonders and signs were done by the apostles.
upon = to.
44.
And all that believed were together, and had all things common;
believed. App-150 .
together. See Acts 2:1 .
45.
And sold their possessions and goods, and parted them to all men, as every man had need.
to all. i.e. to the believers.
every man = any one. App-123 .
46.
And they, continuing daily with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart,
temple = temple courts. Greek. hieron. See note on Matthew 23:16 .
from house to house = at home.
did eat = were partaking of
meat = food. Greek. trophe. nourishment.
gladness. Occurs here; Luke 1:14 , Luke 1:44 .Hebrews 1:9 . Jude 1:24 .
singleness. Greek. aphelotes. Only here.
47.
Praising God, and having favour with all the people. And the Lord added to the church daily such as should be saved.
Praising. Greek. aieno. Always used of praising God. Here; Acts 3:8 , Acts 3:9 . Luke 2:13 , Luke 2:20 ; Luke 19:37 ; Luke 24:53 .Romans 15:11 .Revelation 19:5 .
favour. Greek. charts. App-186 .
with = in regard to. Greek. pros.
people. Greek. laos.
to the church. The texts omit.
such, &c. = the saved.