1.
There were present at that season some that told him of the Galilaeans, whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices.
were present = arrived.
at = in. Greek. en. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 13:24 .
told Him = telling Him.
of = about. Greek. peri. App-104 .
Galilaeans . . . Pilate. Probably the cause of the enmity of Luke 23:12 .
with . Greek. meta. App-104 .
2.
And Jesus answering said unto them, Suppose ye that these Galilaeans were sinners above all the Galilaeans, because they suffered such things?
Jesus ( App-98 . X). Read "He" with [L] T Tr. A WI R.
were = happened to be.
sinners = defaulters. Connecting it with Luke 12:58 .
above . Greek para. App-104 .
suffered = have suffered.
3.
I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.
tell = say to.
Nay . Greek. ouchi. App-105 .
except ye repent = if ( App-118 ) ye repent ( App-111 ) not ( App-105 ).
4.
Or those eighteen, upon whom the tower in Siloam fell, and slew them, think ye that they were sinners above all men that dwelt in Jerusalem?
upon . Greek. epi. App-104 .
in . Greek en. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 13:21 .
Siloam. See App-68 . Compare Nehemiah 3:16 . Isaiah 8:6 . John 19:7 .
slew = killed.
men. Greek. anthropos. App-123 .
5.
I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.
6.
He spake also this parable; A certain man had a fig tree planted in his vineyard; and he came and sought fruit thereon, and found none.
this parable . Combining the fig tree and the vineyard. See John 15:1 .
a fig tree. The symbol of Israel's national privilege. See notes on Judges 9:8-12 . Here it denotes that special privilege of that generation. Compare Jeremiah 24:3 .Hosea 9:10 . Matthew 21:19 .
vineyard . Psalms 80:8-11 . Compare Isaiah 5:2 , &c.
thereon = on (Greek. en. App-104 .) it.
none = not ( App-105 . a) any.
7.
Then said he unto the dresser of his vineyard, Behold, these three years I come seeking fruit on this fig tree, and find none: cut it down; why cumbereth it the ground?
unto . Greek. pros. App-104 .
dresser of vineyard . One word in Greek. Occurs only here. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .
these three years . Can refer only to the period of the Lord's ministry. The texts add aph' hou = from which, or since (three years). on. Greek. en. App-104 .
cut it down = cut it out: i.e. from among the vines.
cumbereth it the ground = injureth it the soil also. The Authorized Version omits this "also", though it stands in the Greek text.
cumbereth. Greek. katargeo. Only here in the Gospels. Twenty-five times in the Epistles in the sense of vitiate. See Romans 3:3 .
8.
And he answering said unto him, Lord, let it alone this year also, till I shall dig about it, and dung it:
Lord. App-98 .
this : i.e. this third year.
about . Greek. peri. App-104 .
dung it = put manure. Greek. kopria. Only here, and Luke 14:35 .
9.
And if it bear fruit, well: and if not, then after that thou shalt cut it down.
if , &c. App-118 .
not . Greek. mege, compound of me. App-105 .
after that in (Greek. eis. App-104 .) the future.
thou shalt . Note, not I will.
10.
And he was teaching in one of the synagogues on the sabbath.
sabbath . Plural See on Luke 24:1 .
11.
And, behold, there was a woman which had a spirit of infirmity eighteen years, and was bowed together, and could in no wise lift up herself.
spirit. Greek. pneuma. An evil demon. App-101 .12.
of = causing. Genitive of Origin. App-17 .
eighteen years . A type of the condition of the nation. A long-standing case, as "Signs" "C" and "C". App-176 .
bowed together = bent double. Occurs only here in N.T.
could in no wise lift = wholly unable to lift, &c.
in no wise . Not. Greek. ou me, as in Luke 13:35 ; but me eis to panteles = not unto the furthest extent = unable to the uttermost. Occurs only here (complete human inability), and Hebrews 7:25 (complete Divine ability).
lift up. Occurs only here, Luke 21:28 and John 8:7 , John 8:10 in the N.T.
12.
And when Jesus saw her, he called her to him, and said unto her, Woman, thou art loosed from thine infirmity.
saw. App-133 .
loosed. Used of disease only here in N.T., because she had been bound with a demoniac band. See note on Mark 7:35 .
13.
And he laid his hands on her: and immediately she was made straight, and glorified God.
made straight = set upright again. Greek. anorthoo. Occurs only here, Acts 16:16 . Hebrews 12:12 . Compare am = again, in analuo Luke 12:36 ("return ").
14.
And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed on the sabbath day, and said unto the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the sabbath day.
not . Greek. me. App-105 .
15.
The Lord then answered him, and said, Thou hypocrite, doth not each one of you on the sabbath loose his ox or his ass from the stall, and lead him away to watering?
hypocrite. See note on Luke 11:44
not. Greek. ou. App-105 .
loose. Compare note on Luke 13:12 , and see the Structure.
from. Greek. apo. App-104 .
16.
And ought not this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years, be loosed from this bond on the sabbath day?
ought. The same word as the ruler's, but as an Interrogative. The former was based on ceremonial law; the Lord's, on the necessity of Divine love.
daughter. Put by Figure of speech Synecdoche (of Species), App-6 . for descendant.
lo. Greek. idou. App-133 . Same as Behold, Luke 13:7 .
bond. See note on Mark 7:35 .
17.
And when he had said these things, all his adversaries were ashamed: and all the people rejoiced for all the glorious things that were done by him.
when He had said = while He was saying.
ashamed = put to shame
for = at. Greek. epi. App-104 .
done = coming to pass.
by . Greek. hupo. App-104 .
18.
Then said he, Unto what is the kingdom of God like? and whereunto shall I resemble it?
Then said He, &c. Repeated with variations from Matthew 13:31 , &c.
Unto what . . . ? Compare Isaiah 40:18 .
the kingdom of God . App-114 .
19.
It is like a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and cast into his garden; and it grew, and waxed a great tree; and the fowls of the air lodged in the branches of it.
into . Greek. eis. App-104 .
waxed = became into (Greek. eis).
great. Omit [L] T [Tr. A] WH R.
fowls = birds.
the air = the heaven. Singular. See notes on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .
lodged = nested. Greek. kataskenoo. Occurs four times: here; Matthew 13:32 .Mark 4:32 , Acts 2:26 .
20.
And again he said, Whereunto shall I liken the kingdom of God?
21.
It is like leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, till the whole was leavened.
leaven. See note on Matthew 13:33 .
in. Greek. eis. App-104 .
22.
And he went through the cities and villages, teaching, and journeying toward Jerusalem.
through . Greek. kata. App-104 .
journeying = progressing.
toward . Greek. eis . App-104 .
23.
Then said one unto him, Lord, are there few that be saved? And he said unto them,
Lord . App-98 . A.
are there = if ( App-118 . a) there are.
be = are being.
24.
Strive to enter in at the strait gate: for many, I say unto you, will seek to enter in, and shall not be able.
Strive = Struggle, literally agonize. Occurs elsewhere only in John 18:36 . 1 Corinthians 9:25 .Colossians 1:29 ; Colossians 4:12 . 1 Timothy 6:12 . 2 Timothy 4:7 .
at = through. Greek. dia. App-104 .Luke 13:1 .
strait = narrow.
gate . All the texts read "door", as in Luke 13:25 . In Matthew 7:13 it is "gate".
25.
When once the master of the house is risen up, and hath shut to the door, and ye begin to stand without, and to knock at the door, saying, Lord, Lord, open unto us; and he shall answer and say unto you, I know you not whence ye are:
When once = From (Greek. apo. App-104 . iv) whatsoever time. master of the house. App-98 .
is risen up = may have risen up (Greek. an).
shut to . Occurs only here.
Lord, Lord . Note the Figure of speech Epizeuxis ( App-6 ), for emphasis. See note on Genesis 22:11 .
I know. Greek. oida. App-132 .
whence : i, e. of what family or household.
26.
Then shall ye begin to say, We have eaten and drunk in thy presence, and thou hast taught in our streets.
in Thy presence = before Thee.
Thou hast taught , &c. This shows to whom these words are addressed, and thus limits the interpretation to "this generation".
27.
But he shall say, I tell you, I know you not whence ye are; depart from me, all ye workers of iniquity.
iniquity = unrighteousness. Greek adikia. App-128 .
28.
There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves thrust out.
weeping = the weeping. See note on Matthew 8:12 .
when . Defining the special occasion.
see . App-133 .
thrust out = being cast outside. This is the occasion referred to.
29.
And they shall come from the east, and from the west, and from the north, and from the south, and shall sit down in the kingdom of God.
they shall come . A reference to Isaiah 49:12 .
and . Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton. App-6 .
sit down = recline (at table). Compare Luke 7:36 ; Luke 12:37 .
30.
And, behold, there are last which shall be first, and there are first which shall be last.
31.
The same day there came certain of the Pharisees, saying unto him, Get thee out, and depart hence: for Herod will kill thee.
The same day = In, or on, &c. (Greek. en. App-104 .) = just then.
day . LT Tr. WH R read" hour".
certain of the Pharisees = certain Pharisees.
will = wishes: i.e. means to. See App-102 .
32.
And he said unto them, Go ye, and tell that fox, Behold, I cast out devils, and I do cures to day and to morrow, and the third day I shall be perfected.
fox . Figure of speech Hypocatastasis. App-6 .
devils = demons.
do cures = perform, or effect cures.
cures. Occurs only here
and Acts 4:22 , Acts 4:30 .
I shall be perfected = I come to an end [of My work]: viz. by the miracle of John 11:40-44 . Compare John 19:30 .
33.
Nevertheless I must walk to day, and to morrow, and the day following: for it cannot be that a prophet perish out of Jerusalem.
walk = journey: i.e. through Herod's country.
it cannot be = it is not ( App-105 .) fitting. Greek. endechomai. Occurs only here in N.T.
a prophet. See next verse.
out of: i.e. except in.
34.
O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, which killest the prophets, and stonest them that are sent unto thee; how often would I have gathered thy children together, as a hen doth gather her brood under her wings, and ye would not!
Jerusalem, Jerusalem . Figure of speech Epizeuxis ( App-6 ). See note on Genesis 22:11 . Repeated on the second day before the Passover (Matthew 23:37 ). See App-156 .
killest the prophets. See Luke 11:47 ; Luke 20:14 ; Luke 23:34 . Compare Isaiah 1:21 .
would I have gathered = I desired to gather. Compare Luk 13:36
children . App-108 .
hen . Specially contrasted with "fox", Luke 13:32 . Compare Matthew 23:37 .
under. Greek. hupo. App-104 .
ye would not = ye did not desire it.
35.
Behold, your house is left unto you desolate: and verily I say unto you, Ye shall not see me, until the time come when ye shall say, Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.
your house = the Temple. It had been Jehovah's house. Compare John 2:16 . Now it was no longer owned as His. Compare Luke 19:46 .
desolate . Every place is "desolate" where Christ is not.
verily. See note on Matthew 5:18 .
not = by no means. Greek. ou me. App-105 . until. Greek. heos an all the texts omit "an", but it does not alter the conditional sense, which is in the verb).
Blessed. Figure of speech Benedictio, as in Luke 1:42 ; Luke 19:38 ; not Beatitude, as in Luke 12:37 , Luke 12:38 , Luke 12:43 , or Luke 14:14 , Luke 14:15 . Quoted from Psalms 118:26 . Referring to the final and national repentance of Israel, which might have been then (Acts 3:18-20 )near, but Acts 28:25-28 is yet future, while all blessedness has been postponed.
He That cometh = the coming One.
LORD = Jehovah. App-4 and App-98 .