1.
And the whole multitude of them arose, and led him unto Pilate.
multitude. Greek. plethos = number (not ochlos = crowd). In the usage of the Papyri it denotes an assembly.
unto . Greek. epi. App-104 .
2.
And they began to accuse him, saying, We found this fellow perverting the nation, and forbidding to give tribute to Caesar, saying that he himself is Christ a King.
We found . As the result of our examination.
perverting = agitating. Not the same word as in Luke 23:14 . Compare Luke 9:41 .
Christ = Messiah. App-98 .
3.
And Pilate asked him, saying, Art thou the King of the Jews? And he answered him and said, Thou sayest it.
asked = questioned.
the King. Pilate using the Art., as
though implying hisbelief.
thou sayest. A Hebraism for a strong affirmation. Compare Luke 22:70 , &c.
4.
Then said Pilate to the chief priests and to the people, I find no fault in this man.
to. Greek. pros. App-104 .
people = crowds. I find no fault, &c. Compare Matthew 27:4 .
in. Greek. en. App-104 .
Man. Greek. anthropos. App-123 .
5.
And they were the more fierce, saying, He stirreth up the people, teaching throughout all Jewry, beginning from Galilee to this place.
were the more fierce = kept insisting. Greek. epischuo. Occurs only here in N.T.
stirreth up = instigates. Greek.
anaeeio. Stronger than "pervert "in Luke 23:2 . Occurs only here, and Mark 15:11 .
throughout. Greek. kata. App-104 .
from. Greek. apo. App-104 .
Galilee. See App-169 .
6.
When Pilate heard of Galilee, he asked whether the man were a Galilaean.
of Galilee = Galilee [mentioned].
whether = if. App-118 .
7.
And as soon as he knew that he belonged unto Herod's jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who himself also was at Jerusalem at that time.
knew = got to know. Greek.
ginosko. App-132 .
belonged unto = was of. Greek. ek. App-104 .
jurisdiction = authority. App-172 .
sent. Greek. anapempo. App-174 , only here; verses: Luke 23:11 , Luke 23:15 ; Philemon 1:12 ; and (ace, to texts) Acts 25:21 .
at = in Greek en. App-104 .
that time = those days: i.e. of the Feast.
8.
And when Herod saw Jesus, he was exceeding glad: for he was desirous to see him of a long season, because he had heard many things of him; and he hoped to have seen some miracle done by him.
saw. Greek. eidon. App-133 .
Jesus . App-98 .
desirous = wishing. Greek thelo. App-102 .
of. Greek ek. App-104 .
because he had heard = on account of (Greek. dia. App-104 . ) his hearing.
of = concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .
hoped = was hoping (all that long time).
miracle = sign. See App-176 .
done = accomplished.
by . Greek. hupo. App-104 .
9.
Then he questioned with him in many words; but he answered him nothing.
questioned . Greek. erotao. App-134 .
words . Plural of logos. See note on Mark 9:32 .
10.
And the chief priests and scribes stood and vehemently accused him.
stood = had stood.
vehemently. Greek. eutonos. Occurs only here, and Acts 18:28 .
11.
And Herod with his men of war set him at nought, and mocked him, and arrayed him in a gorgeous robe, and sent him again to Pilate.
with . Greek. sun. App-104 .
set Him at nought = treated Him with contempt. mocked. See Luke 22:63 .
gorgeous = resplendent. Compare Acts 10:30 . Revelation 15:6 .
12.
And the same day Pilate and Herod were made friends together: for before they were at enmity between themselves.
were made = became.
13.
And Pilate, when he had called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people,
together = with (Greek. meta. App-104 .) one another.
between = with reference to. Greek. pros. App-104 .
Verses 13-25. Compare Matthew 27:15-26 . Mark 15:6-13 .
14.
Said unto them, Ye have brought this man unto me, as one that perverteth the people: and, behold, I, having examined him before you, have found no fault in this man touching those things whereof ye accuse him:
unto. Greek. pros. App-104 .
perverteth = turneth away. Greek apostrepho. Not the same word as in Luke 23:2 .
behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .
examined. Greek. anakrino. App-122 .
15.
No, nor yet Herod: for I sent you to him; and, lo, nothing worthy of death is done unto him.
No, nor yet = nor even.
lo. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .
is done = has been done. Compare Luke 23:41 .
unto Him : i.e. by Him.
16.
I will therefore chastise him, and release him.
I will , &c. Probably with his own hands (Compare Luke 23:22 .Matthew 27:26 . Mark 15:15 ) instead of crucifying Him; with the view of releasing Him.
chastise . Compare Isaiah 53:5 .
17.
(For of necessity he must release one unto them at the feast.)
at . Greek. kata. App-104 .
the = a. Most texts omit this verse.
18.
And they cried out all at once, saying, Away with this man, and release unto us Barabbas:
all at once = all together, or in a mass. Greek. pamplethei. Occurs only here.
Barabbas . Aramaic ( App-94 .) = son of a (distinguished) father. ORIGEN (A.D. 186-253) read "Jesus, Barabbas" in Matthew 27:17 , the choice lying between two of the same name.
19.
(Who for a certain sedition made in the city, and for murder, was cast into prison.)
20.
Pilate therefore, willing to release Jesus, spake again to them.
willing = wishing. Greek thelo. App-102 .
spake . . . to = addressed. Greek. prosphoneo. Compare Acts 21:40 ; Acts 22:2 .
21.
But they cried, saying, Crucify him, crucify him.
cried = kept shouting. Greek. epiphoneo.
22.
And he said unto them the third time, Why, what evil hath he done? I have found no cause of death in him: I will therefore chastise him, and let him go.
said = spake. evil. Greek kakos. App-128 .
23.
And they were instant with loud voices, requiring that he might be crucified. And the voices of them and of the chief priests prevailed.
were instant = were urgent. Greek. epikeimai, to press upon. Compare Luke 7:4 .Judges 16:16 . Acts 26:7 . Romans 12:12 . 2 Timothy 4:2 .
requiring. App-134 . = had power to bear down (Pilate's remonstrance).
24.
And Pilate gave sentence that it should be as they required.
gave sentence = pronounced sentence. Greek. epikrino. App-122 . Occurs only here.
it, &c. = their request should be carried out.
25.
And he released unto them him that for sedition and murder was cast into prison, whom they had desired; but he delivered Jesus to their will.
had desired. Same word as "require" in Luke 23:23 .
will = desire. Greek. thelema. Compare App-102 .
26.
And as they led him away, they laid hold upon one Simon, a Cyrenian, coming out of the country, and on him they laid the cross, that he might bear it after Jesus.
And as, &c. Compare Matthew 27:31-34 .Mark 15:20-23 .
laid hold upon. Compare Acts 16:19 ; Acts 17:19 ; Acts 18:17 ; Acts 21:30-33 .
out of. Greek. apo. App-104 .
the country = a field. the cross. See App-162 ,
27.
And there followed him a great company of people, and of women, which also bewailed and lamented him.
And there, &c.: verses: Luke 23:27-32 , peculiar to Luke. company multitude.
bewailed and lamented = were beating their breasts and lamenting.
28.
But Jesus turning unto them said, Daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for me, but weep for yourselves, and for your children.
Daughters , &c. Not therefore the women from Galilee of verses: Luke 23:49 , Luke 23:55 . Greek. me. App-105 .
for = on, or over. Greek. epi. App-104 .
children. Greek. Plural of teknon. App-108 .
29.
For, behold, the days are coming, in the which they shall say, Blessed are the barren, and the wombs that never bare, and the paps which never gave suck.
Blessed = Happy. See note on Matthew 5:3 , and Compare Luke 11:27 . Hosea 9:12-16 .
never bare = did not (Greek. ou. App-105 ) bear.
30.
Then shall they begin to say to the mountains, Fall on us; and to the hills, Cover us.
on. Greek. epi. App-104 .
hills . Greek. Plural of bounds. Occurs only here and in Luke 3:5 .
31.
For if they do these things in a green tree, what shall be done in the dry?
if they do . Assuming the case. App-118 .
do = are doing.
a green tree = the
living wood: i.e. the Lord.
shall be done = must happen.
the dry = the dry [wood]: i, e. the nation.
32.
And there were also two other, malefactors, led with him to be put to death.
also two other = others also, two.
other = different ones. Greek. Plural of heteros. App-124 .
malefactors = evildoers. Greek. kakourgoi. Not lestai = brigands, as in Matthew 27:38 . See App-164 .
led with Him. The brigands were brought later.
33.
And when they were come to the place, which is called Calvary, there they crucified him, and the malefactors, one on the right hand, and the other on the left.
to . Greek. epi. App-104 .
Calvary is the Greek for the Hebrew Golgotha = a skull. Now called "a hill". But see Conder's Jerusalem, p. 80.
crucified . See App-162 .
on = at. Greek. ek. App-104 .
and the other = and one.
left. Greek. aristeros. Only here, Mat 6:3 . 2 Corinthians 6:7 . Not the same word as in Matthew 27:38 .
34.
Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And they parted his raiment, and cast lots.
Father . See App-98 .
forgive them. The last of eight recorded occasions of prayer in Luke. See note on Luke 3:21 , and compare Matthew 27:46 for the last "seven words" on the cross. Compare Isaiah 53:12 .
know . Greek. oida. App-1 .Luke 3:2 , Luke 3:11 .
not . Greek. ou. App-105 .
do = are doing. Compare Acts 3:17 . 1 Corinthians 2:8 .
35.
And the people stood beholding. And the rulers also with them derided him, saying, He saved others; let him save himself, if he be Christ, the chosen of God.
beholding = looking on, or gazing at. Greek theoreo. App-133 . Not the same word as in Luke 23:29 .
derided = were mocking: i.e. turning up their noses at Him. Same word as in 16. is. Compare Psalms 2:4 ; Psalms 22:7 ; Psalms 35:16 .
others. Greek. allos. App-124 . Not the same word as in Luke 23:32 ; Luke 23:40 .
he = This fellow.
Christ = the Messiah. App-98 .
God. App-98 .
36.
And the soldiers also mocked him, coming to him, and offering him vinegar,
coming = coming up close.
offering, &c . See note on Matthew 27:33 ; Matthew 27:48 .
37.
And saying, If thou be the king of the Jews, save thyself.
38.
And a superscription also was written over him in letters of Greek, and Latin, and Hebrew, THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.
superscription . Not the same word as in Matthew and John. See App-163 .
over. Greek. epi. App-104 .
THIS IS, &c. See App-48 for this type; and App-163 for the words themselves.
39.
And one of the malefactors which were hanged railed on him, saying, If thou be Christ, save thyself and us.
railed = kept up a railing.
Christ. The Lewis Codex of the Syriac Gospels recently found at Mount Sinai reads "Saviour", not Messiah. save Thyself and us. This reads (in the same Codex), "save Thyself alive this day, and us also".
40.
But the other answering rebuked him, saying, Dost not thou fear God, seeing thou art in the same condemnation?
condemnation . App-177 .6.
41.
And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing amiss.
receive = are receiving.
our deeds = what we did.
hath done = did.
42.
And he said unto Jesus, Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom.
Lord. Most Texts omit this, but not the Syriac which reads "my Lord". App-98 . A.
comest = shalt have come.
into = in (Greek. en), but some texts with Syriac read "into ": i.e. into possession of.
43.
And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in paradise.
I say unto, thee, To day = "I say unto thee to day".
To day . Connect this with "I say", to emphasize the solemnity of the occasion; not with "shalt thou be". See the Hebraism in note on Deuteronomy 4:26 . As to the punctuation, see App-94 .; and as to the whole clause, see App-173 . with. Greek. meta. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 23:11 , Luke 23:32 , Luke 23:35 .
paradise = the paradise: i.e. the one well known to Scripture. See note on Ecclesiastes 2:5 . Ecc 2:44 Verses 44-46. Compare Matthew 27:45-50 ; Mark 15:33-37 .
44.
And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour.
sixth hour : i.e. noon. See App-165 .
was = came to be.
over . Greek. epi. App-104 .
the earth = the land. Greek. ge. App-129 .
ninth hour: i.e. 3pm. See App-165 .
45.
And the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst.
the veil. See Leviticus 4:6 . Matthew 27:51 .
the Temple- the Naos. See note on Matthew 23:16 .
46.
And when Jesus had cried with a loud voice, he said, Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit: and having said thus, he gave up the ghost.
commend = commit, or entrust. Compare Psalms 31:5 . Act 7:59 . 1 Peter 2:23 .
spirit. Greek. pneuma. App-101 . Compare Luke 8:55 .
gave up the ghost = expired, or breathed (His last).
47.
Now when the centurion saw what was done, he glorified God, saying, Certainly this was a righteous man.
Now , &c. Compare Matthew 27:51-56 . Mar 15:39-54 .
was done = took place.
48.
And all the people that came together to that sight, beholding the things which were done, smote their breasts, and returned.
people = crowds.
were done = took place.
smote, &c. = beating. returned. The women "stood". returned. Greek. hupostrepho = turned back. Occurs thirty-two times in Luke and Acts, and only three times elsewhere in N.T.
49.
And all his acquaintance, and the women that followed him from Galilee, stood afar off, beholding these things.
And = But. Marking the contrast between the people and the women.
His acquaintance = thosewho knew ( App-132 . ) Him,
followed = followed with.
Galilee . See App-169 .
stood = continued standing. The crowds turned back.
beholding = looking on. Greek. horao. App-133 .
50.
And, behold, there was a man named Joseph, a counseller; and he was a good man, and a just:
man . Greek. aner. App-123 .
Joseph. One of two secret disciples who buried the Lord: Nicodemus being the other (see John 3:1 , John 3:4 , John 3:9 ; John 7:50 ; John 19:39 ). The Eleven had no part in it.
counsellor . A member of the Sanhedrin.
51.
(The same had not consented to the counsel and deed of them;) he was of Arimathaea, a city of the Jews: who also himself waited for the kingdom of God.
consented = voted with. Greek. sunkatatithemi. Occurs only here. counsel. Greek. Louie. App-102 .
of = from. Greek. apo. App-104 .
also himself = himself also.
the kingdom of God. See App-114 .
52.
This man went unto Pilate, and begged the body of Jesus.
begged = asked. Greek. aiteo. Same word as "re-quire", Luke 23:23 , and "desire", Luke 23:25 . App-134 .
53.
And he took it down, and wrapped it in linen, and laid it in a sepulchre that was hewn in stone, wherein never man before was laid.
linen . Showing he was a rich man. Compare Matthew 27:5 Mark 14:51 ; Mark 15:46 .
sepulchre = tomb.
hewn in stone = hewn in a rock. Greek. laxeutos. Occurs only here. -
never . . . before . Greek. ouk oudepo oudeis.
54.
And that day was the preparation, and the sabbath drew on.
the preparation. See App-156 .
the sabbath. The high sabbath. See App-156 .
55.
And the women also, which came with him from Galilee, followed after, and beheld the sepulchre, and how his body was laid.
came = were come with. Only here and Acts 16:17 .
from = out of. Greek ek. App-104 . followed after. Greek. sunakoloutheo. Only here and Mark 5:37 .
beheld . Greek. theaomai. App-133 .
56.
And they returned, and prepared spices and ointments; and rested the sabbath day according to the commandment.
prepared , &c. These had to be bought (Mark 16:1 ) between the two sabbaths. See App-156 .
rested . Greek. hesuchazo = to rest from labour. Occurs only here, and in Luke 14:4 .Acts 11:18 ; Acts 21:14 ; and 1 Thessalonians 4:11 .
the commandment . Leviticus 23:4-7 . See App-156 .