1.

Now it came to pass, when Sanballat, and Tobiah, and Geshem the Arabian, and the rest of our enemies, heard that I had builded the wall, and that there was no breach left therein; (though at that time I had not set up the doors upon the gates;)

SanbalLatin Tobiah. See notes on Nehemiah 2:19 ; Nehemiah 4:7 .
and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton ( App-6 ), for emphasis.
Geshem. Another spelling in Sanballat's letter (Nehemiah 6:6 ), Gashmu.

2.

That Sanballat and Geshem sent unto me, saying, Come, let us meet together in some one of the villages in the plain of Ono. But they thought to do me mischief.

some one of the villages = in Cepherim (Nehemiah 7:29 . Ezra 2:25 ); now Kefr 'Ana, twenty-five miles from Jerusalem; eight miles east of Jaffa; six miles north of Lydda.
plain = valley, or combe.
Ono. Now Kefr 'Ana, five miles north of Lydda (Ezra 2:33 ). Compare Ch. Nehemiah 11:31 .
mischief: to kill or capture Nehemiah. Compare Proverbs 26:24 .

3.

And I sent messengers unto them, saying, I am doing a great work, so that I cannot come down: why should the work cease, whilst I leave it, and come down to you?

why . . . ? Figure of speech Erotesis. App-6 .

4.

Yet they sent unto me four times after this sort; and I answered them after the same manner.

four times. The enemy takes no denial.
after the same manner. The only sure and safe procedure. Compare 1 Samuel 17:30 .

5.

Then sent Sanballat his servant unto me in like manner the fifth time with an open letter in his hand;

servant = young man.
open letter. That others might read it.

6.

Wherein was written, It is reported among the heathen, and Gashmu saith it, that thou and the Jews think to rebel: for which cause thou buildest the wall, that thou mayest be their king, according to these words.

heathen = nations.

7.

And thou hast also appointed prophets to preach of thee at Jerusalem, saying, There is a king in Judah: and now shall it be reported to the king according to these words. Come now therefore, and let us take counsel together.

There is a king: or, he hath become king.
Come now, &c. The object still compromise.

8.

Then I sent unto him, saying, There are no such things done as thou sayest, but thou feignest them out of thine own heart.

feignest. Only here and 1 Kings 12:33 (devise).

9.

For they all made us afraid, saying, Their hands shall be weakened from the work, that it be not done. Now therefore, O God, strengthen my hands.

made us afraid. Sought to make them afraid, but Nehemiah had no fear. See Nehemiah 6:11 .
NOW. Some codices, with three (and one in margin) early printed editions, read "Thou".
hands. Some codices, with six early printed editions, read "hand".

10.

Afterward I came unto the house of Shemaiah the son of Delaiah the son of Mehetabeel, who was shut up; and he said, Let us meet together in the house of God, within the temple, and let us shut the doors of the temple: for they will come to slay thee; yea, in the night will they come to slay thee.

Shemaiah. A professed friend, but a false prophet. See Nehemiah 6:12 .
shut up = confined, as in prison. Hebrew. 'azar. See Jeremiah 33:1 ; Jeremiah 36:5 .
the house of God. This must have been a temporary structure. Nehemiah would not be without some place wherein to worship. The Altar not yet erected. The Temple not yet built. See notes on Nehemiah 7:4 , and p. 618; also App-58 .
God. Hebrew. Elohim. (with Art.) = the [true] God.
shut = close, so as to conceal.

11.

And I said, Should such a man as I flee? and who is there, that, being as I am, would go into the temple to save his life? I will not go in.

Should. Figure of speech Erotesis. App-6 . Hebrew. sagar. Compare Nehemiah 13:19 .

12.

And, lo, I perceived that God had not sent him; but that he pronounced this prophecy against me: for Tobiah and Sanballat had hired him.

lo. Figure of speech Asterismos.

13.

Therefore was he hired, that I should be afraid, and do so, and sin, and that they might have matter for an evil report, that they might reproach me.

Therefore = to this end.
sin. Hebrew. chata '. App-44 .

14.

My God, think thou upon Tobiah and Sanballat according to these their works, and on the prophetess Noadiah, and the rest of the prophets, that would have put me in fear.

think. Figure of speech Anthropopatheia. Compare Nehemiah 5:19 .

15.

So the wall was finished in the twenty and fifth day of the month Elul, in fifty and two days.

fifty and two days. If finished on twenty-fifth Elul, and work took fifty-two days, it must have been commenced on third of Ab (fifth month). Work rapid, because all materials there: and God's good hand was there upon them.

16.

And it came to pass, that when all our enemies heard thereof, and all the heathen that were about us saw these things, they were much cast down in their own eyes: for they perceived that this work was wrought of our God.

17.

Moreover in those days the nobles of Judah sent many letters unto Tobiah, and the letters of Tobiah came unto them.

the noblest = certain nobles. Not necessarily all.

18.

For there were many in Judah sworn unto him, because he was the son in law of Shechaniah the son of Arah; and his son Johanan had taken the daughter of Meshullam the son of Berechiah.

son in law. Connected also with a high priest Eliashib Compare Nehemiah 13:4 .
Meshullam. Compare Nehemiah 3:4 , Nehemiah 3:30 .

19.

Also they reported his good deeds before me, and uttered my words to him. And Tobiah sent letters to put me in fear.