1.

And all the people gathered themselves together as one man into the street that was before the water gate; and they spake unto Ezra the scribe to bring the book of the law of Moses, which the LORD had commanded to Israel.

And = Then.
street = broad or open space. See verses: Nehemiah 8:3 , Nehemiah 8:16 , Neh 8:26 ; Nehemiah 12:30 , Nehemiah 12:37 , Nehemiah 12:40 .
the water gate. See notes on Nehemiah 3:26 with Nehemiah 5:9 .
the book = scroll. The well-known book (Deuteronomy 31:10 , Deuteronomy 31:11 ). See App-47 .
the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. (with 'eth). App-4 .

2.

And Ezra the priest brought the law before the congregation both of men and women, and all that could hear with understanding, upon the first day of the seventh month.

Ezra the priest. It was the priest's duty at this and at all times to teach the people the Word of God. See note on Deuteronomy 17:11 ; Deuteronomy 33:10 ; and compare Malachi 2:7 .
congregation = assembly or muster.
upon the first day, &c. This was according to the requirement of Deuteronomy 31:9-12 , every seventh year. Compare Leviticus 23:23 - Nehemiah 2:5 ).

3.

And he read therein before the street that was before the water gate from the morning until midday, before the men and the women, and those that could understand; and the ears of all the people were attentive unto the book of the law.

morning = daylight.
men. Hebrew, plural 'enosh . App-14 .

4.

And Ezra the scribe stood upon a pulpit of wood, which they had made for the purpose; and beside him stood Mattithiah, and Shema, and Anaiah, and Urijah, and Hilkiah, and Maaseiah, on his right hand; and on his left hand, Pedaiah, and Mishael, and Malchiah, and Hashum, and Hashbadana, Zechariah, and Meshullam.

pulpit = high platform. Eng. "pulpit" from Latin. pulpitum, a stage of a theatre.
beside him. Thirteen priests with him: fourteen in all.
and. Some codices, with five early printed editions, omit this "and".

5.

And Ezra opened the book in the sight of all the people; (for he was above all the people;) and when he opened it, all the people stood up:

opened the book = unrolled the scroll.
in the sight = before the eyes.
stood up. In token of reverence (Judges 3:20 . Job 29:8 , Job 37:14 ).

6.

And Ezra blessed the LORD, the great God. And all the people answered, Amen, Amen, with lifting up their hands: and they bowed their heads, and worshipped the LORD with their faces to the ground.

God. Hebrew. Elohim. (with Art.) = the [true]God. App-4 .
Amen, Amen. Figure of speech Epizeuxis , emphasizing the great solemnity.
lifting up. Hebrew. mo'al. Occurs only here. Compare 1 Timothy 2:8 .

7.

Also Jeshua, and Bani, and Sherebiah, Jamin, Akkub, Shabbethai, Hodijah, Maaseiah, Kelita, Azariah, Jozabad, Hanan, Pelaiah, and the Levites, caused the people to understand the law: and the people stood in their place.

8.

So they read in the book in the law of God distinctly, and gave the sense, and caused them to understand the reading.

read in the book: i.e. the Hebrew text of the Pentateuch. See App-47 .
distinctly = a distinct [reading], i.e. (according to the Talmud) translating and interpreting it in the Chaldee paraphrase.
and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton ( App-6 ), to emphasize each clause.
gave the sense: i.e. divided the sentences, &c, according to sense.
caused them to understand the reading: i.e. gave the traditional pronunciation of the words (which were then without the vowel points).

9.

And Nehemiah, which is the Tirshatha, and Ezra the priest the scribe, and the Levites that taught the people, said unto all the people, This day is holy unto the LORD your God; mourn not, nor weep. For all the people wept, when they heard the words of the law.

Nehemiah. He now uses the third person. This is not necessarily a sign of change of authorship.
holy. See note on Exodus 3:5 .

10.

Then he said unto them, Go your way, eat the fat, and drink the sweet, and send portions unto them for whom nothing is prepared: for this day is holy unto our Lord: neither be ye sorry; for the joy of the LORD is your strength.

is = it [is].
joy. Chaldee. hedvah. Occurs only here, 1 Chronicles 16:27 , and Ezra 6:16 . is = that [is].
strength = defence, or refuge.

11.

So the Levites stilled all the people, saying, Hold your peace, for the day is holy; neither be ye grieved.

12.

And all the people went their way to eat, and to drink, and to send portions, and to make great mirth, because they had understood the words that were declared unto them.

13.

And on the second day were gathered together the chief of the fathers of all the people, the priests, and the Levites, unto Ezra the scribe, even to understand the words of the law.

chief = heads.

14.

And they found written in the law which the LORD had commanded by Moses, that the children of Israel should dwell in booths in the feast of the seventh month:

found: i.e. they came to the place where direction was given.
written. See note on Exodus 17:14 , and App-47 .
children = sons.
booths. Compare Lev 28:39-43 .Deuteronomy 16:13-15 .

15.

And that they should publish and proclaim in all their cities, and in Jerusalem, saying, Go forth unto the mount, and fetch olive branches, and pine branches, and myrtle branches, and palm branches, and branches of thick trees, to make booths, as it is written.

mount = hill country.
as it is written. See Leviticus 23:42 .

16.

So the people went forth, and brought them, and made themselves booths, every one upon the roof of his house, and in their courts, and in the courts of the house of God, and in the street of the water gate, and in the street of the gate of Ephraim.

and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton ( App-6 ), to mark the minuteness of the obedience.
one = man. Hebrew. 'ish. App-14 .

17.

And all the congregation of them that were come again out of the captivity made booths, and sat under the booths: for since the days of Jeshua the son of Nun unto that day had not the children of Israel done so. And there was very great gladness.

Jeshua. Another spelling of Joshua.
not . . . done so. 2 Chronicles 8:13 speaks only of the offerings required by the Law, which Solomon offered. Nothing is said th e r e of what the People did; so that there is no "discrepancy", as is alleged.
Israel. See note on 1 Kings 12:17 .

18.

Also day by day, from the first day unto the last day, he read in the book of the law of God. And they kept the feast seven days; and on the eighth day was a solemn assembly, according unto the manner.

he. Some codices, with Syriac, read "they".
assembly = restraint: i.e. restraint from work.
manner = regulation, or ordinance. Nehemiah 9:1 Nehemiah 10:39 is parallel with Ezra 9:1 Ezra 10:44 .Ezra 4:1; Ezra 4:1 Ezra 8:36 comes between Nehemiah 8:18 with Nehemiah 9:1 . See the Table and Structure on p. 617, notes on p. 618, and App-58 .