The burden of the word of the LORD in the land of Hadrach, and Damascus shall be the rest thereof: when the eyes of man, as of all the tribes of Israel, shall be toward the LORD.
The burden of the word of the LORD in the land of Hadrach, and Damascus shall be the rest thereof: when the eyes of man, as of all the tribes of Israel, shall be toward the LORD.
The use of a varied vocabulary is no proof of a different authorship. It is necessitated by the changes of subject.
burden = Divine declaration. Hebrew. massa' . Compare Isaiah 13:1 .Nahum 1:1 .
of = that is to say. Genitive of Apposition. See App-17 .
the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah . App-4 .
in: or, on: i.e. resting on.
Hadrach. A country in the neighborhood of Damascus and Hamath (Zechariah 9:2 ) &c., mentioned in the Assyrian Inscriptions, with the 'arka of Genesis 10:17 .
the rest thereof = its resting place: i.e. the burden will rest upon it.
And Hamath also shall border thereby; Tyrus, and Zidon, though it be very wise.
Hamath. Now Hama,
shall border thereby = [which] bordereth thereon: i.e. on the land of Hadrach.
though = because.
And Tyrus did build herself a strong hold, and heaped up silver as the dust, and fine gold as the mire of the streets.
Tyrus. strong hold. Note the Figure of speech Paronomasia . Hebrew. zor mazor , which cannot be reproduced in English.
as = like.
Behold, the Lord will cast her out, and he will smite her power in the sea; and she shall be devoured with fire.
Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .
the Lord* . One of 134 places where the Sopherim say they altered "Jehovah" to "Adonai". App-32 and compare App-4 .
cast her out = dispossess her.
Ashkelon shall see it, and fear; Gaza also shall see it, and be very sorrowful, and Ekron; for her expectation shall be ashamed; and the king shall perish from Gaza, and Ashkelon shall not be inhabited.
Ashkelon. Now 'Askalan.
see. fear. Note the Figure of speech Paronomasia ( App-6 ). Hebrew. tera. vetira . May be Englished by "shall gaze . and be amazed (or be dazed) ": or "shall peer and fear".
And a bastard shall dwell in Ashdod, and I will cut off the pride of the Philistines.
bastard = half-breed, or mongrel.
dwell = sit [as king].
Ashdod. Now Esdud.
And I will take away his blood out of his mouth, and his abominations from between his teeth: but he that remaineth, even he, shall be for our God, and he shall be as a governor in Judah, and Ekron as a Jebusite.
blood. Hebrew bloods. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6 , for the sacrifices (which were, of course, eaten).
abominations: i.e. the idolatrous sacrifices.
he that remaineth: i.e. the remnant of them.
even be = he also.
shall be for. Supply the Ellipsis thus: "[shall be subject unto]. "
God. Hebrew. Elohim . App-4 .
governor = chieftain, or duke.
Ekron. Put by Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Part), App-6 , for Philistines.
Jebusite. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of the Adjunct), App-6 , for bondservant. (1 Kings 9:20 , 1 Kings 9:21 .Isaiah 11:14 .)
And I will encamp about mine house because of the army, because of him that passeth by, and because of him that returneth: and no oppressor shall pass through them any more: for now have I seen with mine eyes.
because of = against.
passeth by. returneth : i.e. marcheth to and fro. and: or, so that.
oppressor. Hebrew. nagas = to press hard, as a task-master (Exodus 5:6 ), or as a foreign oppressor (Isaiah 9:4 ; Isaiah 14:2 , Isaiah 14:4 ), or as an exactor (2 Kings 23:35 ).
seen . Supply the Ellipsis: "seen [the affliction of My People] with Mine eyes".
Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion; shout, O daughter of Jerusalem: behold, thy King cometh unto thee: he is just, and having salvation; lowly, and riding upon an ass, and upon a colt the foal of an ass.
Rejoice, &c. Figure of speech Paeenismos. App-6 . This verse foretells the first coming of Messiah, recorded in the Gospels.
cometh unto = will come unto. See note on Micah 5:2 , where we have the going forth from Bethlehem (Matthew 2:1 ). Here we have the coming unto Jerusalem (Matthew 21:5 ). Between these lay all the events which we call "the first advent'. So will it be at "the second advent" with its many events, before e. to is fulfilled. See notes on Matthew 21:1-10 , and Luke 19:25-44 ; App-107 and App-156 .
He is , &c. Note the four features of Messiah's character and condition at His first advent.
(1) just = righteous, as being justified or vindicated. Compare Isaiah 45:21 ; Isaiah 53:11 .Jeremiah 23:5 , Jeremiah 23:6 .
(2) having salvation. Hebrew. nosha is the Niphal participle, which, though it may be reflexive, is never active. He was heard and delivered (Psalms 22:20 , Psalms 22:21 .Hebrews 5:7; Hebrews 5:7 ), referring to His own sufferings and death out of (Greek. ek, App-104 .), which He was delivered (Psalms 16:10 . Acts 2:24 ), and by which He becomes the Saviour of others (Isaiah 53:8 , Isaiah 53:10 , Isaiah 53:11 ).
(3) lowly = afflicted, or oppressed. Same word (' ant; see note on "poverty", Proverbs 6:11 ) as in Psalms 22:24 .Isaiah 53:4 , Isaiah 53:7 .
(4) riding upon an ass , &c. Fulfilled (1) in Matthew 21:1-11 , and from two days afterward (2) in Mark 11:8-11 .Luke 19:36-46 . John 12:12-19 . See App-156 . A mark of His lowliness. Note the above four characteristics.
And I will cut off the chariot from Ephraim, and the horse from Jerusalem, and the battle bow shall be cut off: and he shall speak peace unto the heathen: and his dominion shall be from sea even to sea, and from river even to the ends of the earth.
I will cut off. Septuagint reads "and He will cut off". This refers to the yet future second coming; the present dispensation ( App-71 and App-72 ) lying between Zechariah 9:9-10 .
He shall speak peace , Sc. Compare Psalms 46:9 ; Psalms 47:3 .Isaiah 2:4 ; Isaiah 9:6 , Isaiah 9:7 . Micah 5:5 .
heathen = nations.
from sea . . . to sea. Compare Psalms 72:8 .
the river : i.e. the Euphrates.
As for thee also, by the blood of thy covenant I have sent forth thy prisoners out of the pit wherein is no water.
thee = thee [O Zion] (feminine; agreeing with Zion), which is also feminine in verses: Zechariah 9:9 , Zechariah 9:13 .
the blood of thy covenant : or, thy covenant of blood. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 24:5-8 ) Compare Hebrews 13:20 .
have sent forth = i.e. sent forth [from their captivity].
out of the pit, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Genesis 37:24 ).
Turn you to the strong hold, ye prisoners of hope: even to day do I declare that I will render double unto thee;
Turn = Return.
strong hold. Hebrew. bizzaron (from bazaar , to cut off) = a safe because of inaccessible place. Occurs only here.
hope = the hope: i.e. which God had given, and on which He had caused them to hope (Psalms 119:49 ).
double: i.e. a prosperity and blessing double what was possessed before.
The firstborn's share . Compare Isaiah 61:7 .
When I have bent Judah for me, filled the bow with Ephraim, and raised up thy sons, O Zion, against thy sons, O Greece, and made thee as the sword of a mighty man.
filled = grasped.
thy sons, O Greece. Septuagint reads "the sons of Greece.
Greece. Hebrew. Yavan . Compare Genesis 10:2 , Genesis 10:4 .Isaiah 66:19 . Ezekiel 27:13 .Daniel 8:21 ; Daniel 11:2 .Joel 3:6 .
And the LORD shall be seen over them, and his arrow shall go forth as the lightning: and the LORD GOD shall blow the trumpet, and shall go with whirlwinds of the south.
His arrow. Figure of speech Anthropopatheia. App-6 .
the Lord. Hebrew. Adonai App-4 .
God. Hebrew. Jehovah .
The LORD of hosts shall defend them; and they shall devour, and subdue with sling stones; and they shall drink, and make a noise as through wine; and they shall be filled like bowls, and as the corners of the altar.
The Lord of hosts. See note on Zechariah 1:3 .
defend. See note on Isaiah 31:5 .
devour = devour [their enemies].
subdue with sling stones: or, trample on their weapons.
and. Some codices, with three early printed editions, read this "and" in the text.
make noise = shout.
wine. Hebrew. yayin . App-27 .
filled: i.e. filled [with wine] like.
as, &c. = as the sacrificial bowls [are filled with blood, which are tossed against] the corners (or horns) of the altar.
And the LORD their God shall save them in that day as the flock of his people: for they shall be as the stones of a crown, lifted up as an ensign upon his land.
stones = gems.
crown = diadem.
lifted up = conspicuous, or sparkling.
land = soil.
For how great is his goodness, and how great is his beauty! corn shall make the young men cheerful, and new wine the maids.
cheerful = flourish.
new wine. Hebrew. tirosh. App-27 .