1.
And it came to pass after this, that the king of the children of Ammon died, and Hanun his son reigned in his stead.
AM 2967, bc 1037, An, Ex, Is, 454
king: Judges 10:7-9, Judges 11:12-28, 1 Samuel 11:1-3, 1 Chronicles 19:1-3
Reciprocal: Genesis 19:38 - children Genesis 22:17 - thy seed Genesis 27:29 - Let people 2 Samuel 17:27 - the son of Nahash 1 Kings 5:1 - sent 2 Chronicles 27:5 - the king of the Ammonites Nehemiah 4:7 - the Ammonites Psalms 18:38 - General Psalms 18:43 - made Psalms 68:30 - Rebuke Psalms 118:10 - All nations Jeremiah 40:14 - Ammonites Amos 1:13 - and for
2.
Then said David, I will shew kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father shewed kindness unto me. And David sent to comfort him by the hand of his servants for his father. And David's servants came into the land of the children of Ammon.
show kindness: Deuteronomy 23:3-6, Nehemiah 4:3-7, Nehemiah 13:1-3
Nahash: 1 Samuel 11:1
as his father: 1 Samuel 22:3, 1 Samuel 22:4
Reciprocal: 2 Samuel 2:6 - I also 2 Samuel 17:27 - the son of Nahash 1 Kings 5:1 - sent 2 Kings 20:12 - sent letters Isaiah 39:1 - sent letters Jeremiah 37:2 - the prophet John 11:19 - to comfort Ephesians 6:20 - bonds
3.
And the princes of the children of Ammon said unto Hanun their lord, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? hath not David rather sent his servants unto thee, to search the city, and to spy it out, and to overthrow it?
Thinkest thou that David doth: Heb. In thine eyes doth David
not: Genesis 42:9, Genesis 42:16, 1 Corinthians 13:5, 1 Corinthians 13:7
Reciprocal: Joshua 2:3 - to search 2 Samuel 3:25 - and to know Romans 2:3 - thinkest
4.
Wherefore Hanun took David's servants, and shaved off the one half of their beards, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks, and sent them away.
and shaved: The beard is held in high respect and greatly valued in the East: the possessor considers it as his greatest ornament; often swears by it; and, in matters of great importance, pledges it; and nothing can be more secure than such a pledge; for its owner will redeem it at the hazard of his life. The beard was never cut off but in mourning, or as a sign of slavery. It is customary to shave the Ottoman princes, as a mark of their subjection to the reigning emperor. The beard is a mark of authority and liberty among the Mohammedans. The Persians who clip the beard, and shave above the jaw, are reputed heretics. They who serve in the seraglios have their beards shaven, as a sign of servitude; nor do they suffer them to grow till the sultan has set them at liberty. Among the Arabians, it is more infamous for anyone to appear with his beard cut off, than among us to be publicly whipped or branded; and many would prefer death to such a punishment. Leviticus 19:27, 1 Chronicles 19:3, 1 Chronicles 19:4, Psalms 109:4, Psalms 109:5, Isaiah 15:2
cut off: Isaiah 20:4, Isaiah 47:2, Isaiah 47:3, Jeremiah 41:5
Reciprocal: Isaiah 50:6 - my cheeks
5.
When they told it unto David, he sent to meet them, because the men were greatly ashamed: and the king said, Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.
Jericho: Joshua 6:24-26, 1 Kings 16:34, 1 Chronicles 19:5
Reciprocal: 1 Chronicles 19:4 - sent them
6.
And when the children of Ammon saw that they stank before David, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Syrians of Beth-rehob, and the Syrians of Zoba, twenty thousand footmen, and of king Maacah a thousand men, and of Ish-tob twelve thousand men.
stank: Genesis 34:30, Exodus 5:21, 1 Samuel 13:4, 1 Samuel 27:12, 1 Chronicles 19:6, 1 Chronicles 19:7
Syrians of Bethrehob: 2 Samuel 8:3, 2 Samuel 8:5, 2 Samuel 8:12, Zobah, Proverbs 25:8, Isaiah 8:9, Isaiah 8:10
Maacah: Joshua 13:11-13
Ishtob: or, the men of Tob, Judges 11:3, Judges 11:5
Reciprocal: Deuteronomy 3:14 - Geshuri Judges 18:28 - Bethrehob 1 Samuel 14:47 - Zobah 2 Samuel 10:8 - Rehob 1 Chronicles 18:3 - Zobah Psalms 9:5 - rebuked Psalms 48:4 - General Psalms 83:5 - they are Psalms 144:11 - and deliver me Ecclesiastes 3:8 - a time of war Jeremiah 40:8 - Maachathite Jeremiah 46:21 - her hired Ezekiel 27:16 - Syria
7.
And when David heard of it, he sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men.
all the host: 2 Samuel 23:8-39, 1 Chronicles 19:8-19
Reciprocal: 2 Samuel 18:2 - the hand of Joab
8.
And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entering in of the gate: and the Syrians of Zoba, and of Rehob, and Ish-tob, and Maacah, were by themselves in the field.
at the entering: This was at the city of Medeba, a city upon the borders of the Ammonites, and in their possession. 1 Chronicles 19:7
Rehob: 2 Samuel 10:6, Numbers 13:21, Joshua 19:28, Judges 1:31
Reciprocal: 1 Kings 11:23 - Hadadezer 1 Chronicles 19:9 - the kings 2 Chronicles 13:14 - looked back Jeremiah 40:8 - Maachathite
9.
When Joab saw that the front of the battle was against him before and behind, he chose of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians:
Joshua 8:21, Joshua 8:22, Judges 20:42, Judges 20:43
Reciprocal: 2 Samuel 20:6 - Abishai 1 Chronicles 19:10 - when Joab 1 Chronicles 26:28 - Joab Jeremiah 50:14 - in array
10.
And the rest of the people he delivered into the hand of Abishai his brother, that he might put them in array against the children of Ammon.
Reciprocal: 2 Samuel 20:6 - Abishai 2 Samuel 23:18 - Abishai 1 Chronicles 18:12 - Moreover
11.
And he said, If the Syrians be too strong for me, then thou shalt help me: but if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, then I will come and help thee.
1 Chronicles 19:9-12, Nehemiah 4:20, Luke 22:32, Romans 15:1, Galatians 6:2, Philippians 1:27, Philippians 1:28
Reciprocal: Judges 1:3 - I likewise 2 Samuel 8:12 - Syria 2 Samuel 18:3 - succour Proverbs 27:17 - so
12.
Be of good courage, and let us play the men for our people, and for the cities of our God: and the LORD do that which seemeth him good.
Be of good: This is a very animating address, and equal to anything of the kind in ancient or modern times. Ye fight pro aris et focis; for every good, sacred and civil; for God, for your families, and for your countries. Such harangues, especially in very trying circumstances, are very natural, and may perhaps be found in the records of every nation. Several instances might be quoted from Roman and Grecian history; but few are more remarkable than that of Tyrtaeus, the lame Athenian poet, to whom the command of the army was given in one of the Messenian wars. The Spartans had at that time suffered great losses, and all their stratagems proved ineffectual, so that they began to despair of success; when the poet, by his lectures on honour and courage, delivered in moving verse to the army, ravished them to such a degree with the thoughts of dying for their country, that, rushing on with a furious transport to meet their enemies, they gave them an entire overthrow, and by one decisive battle brought the war to a happy conclusion. Numbers 13:20, Deuteronomy 31:6, Joshua 1:6, Joshua 1:7, Joshua 1:9, Joshua 1:18, 1 Samuel 14:6, 1 Samuel 14:12, 1 Samuel 17:32, 2 Chronicles 32:7, Nehemiah 4:14, Hebrews 13:6
play: 1 Samuel 4:9, 1 Chronicles 19:13, 1 Corinthians 16:13
the Lord: 2 Samuel 16:10, 2 Samuel 16:11, Judges 10:15, 1 Samuel 3:18, Job 1:21
Reciprocal: Judges 18:9 - be not 1 Samuel 17:37 - Go 2 Samuel 2:7 - let your 2 Samuel 24:3 - General 1 Kings 2:2 - and show Esther 4:16 - if I perish Psalms 60:12 - we shall Proverbs 27:17 - so
13.
And Joab drew nigh, and the people that were with him, unto the battle against the Syrians: and they fled before him.
14.
And when the children of Ammon saw that the Syrians were fled, then fled they also before Abishai, and entered into the city. So Joab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Jerusalem.
Reciprocal: 2 Samuel 8:12 - Syria 2 Samuel 20:6 - Abishai 2 Samuel 22:38 - General 2 Samuel 23:18 - Abishai 1 Chronicles 18:12 - Moreover Psalms 48:4 - General
15.
And when the Syrians saw that they were smitten before Israel, they gathered themselves together.
am 2968, bc 1036, An, Ex, Is, 455
gathered: Psalms 2:1, Isaiah 8:9, Isaiah 8:10, Micah 4:11, Micah 4:12, Zechariah 14:2, Zechariah 14:3, Revelation 19:19-21
Reciprocal: 1 Kings 11:23 - Hadadezer
16.
And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.
Hadarezer: 2 Samuel 8:3-8, 1 Chronicles 18:3, 1 Chronicles 18:5
the river: i.e. Euphrates
Shobach: or, Shophach, 1 Chronicles 19:16
Reciprocal: Psalms 48:4 - General Psalms 60:1 - when he strove
17.
And when it was told David, he gathered all Israel together, and passed over Jordan, and came to Helam. And the Syrians set themselves in array against David, and fought with him.
he gathered: 1 Chronicles 19:17
18.
And the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew the men of seven hundred chariots of the Syrians, and forty thousand horsemen, and smote Shobach the captain of their host, who died there.
fled: 2 Samuel 8:4, Psalms 18:38, Psalms 46:11
horsemen: 1 Chronicles 19:18, footmen
Shobach: Judges 4:2, Judges 4:22, Judges 5:26
Reciprocal: 1 Kings 20:29 - an hundred thousand 2 Chronicles 12:3 - twelve hundred Psalms 20:7 - Some trust Psalms 76:6 - both
19.
And when all the kings that were servants to Hadarezer saw that they were smitten before Israel, they made peace with Israel, and served them. So the Syrians feared to help the children of Ammon any more.
servants: Genesis 14:1-5, Joshua 11:10, Judges 1:7, 1 Kings 20:1, Daniel 2:37
feared: 2 Samuel 8:6, 1 Chronicles 19:19, Psalms 18:37, Psalms 18:38, Psalms 48:4, Psalms 48:5, Isaiah 26:11, Revelation 18:10
Reciprocal: Psalms 119:67 - Before