1.
The word which came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, when Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and all his army, and all the kingdoms of the earth of his dominion, and all the people, fought against Jerusalem, and against all the cities thereof, saying,
The Twenty-Seventh Prophecy of Jeremiah (see book comments for Jeremiah).
The word. This chapter is Ch. Jeremiah 32:1-5 , told over again more fully.
Nebuchadnezzar. Not that he was necessarily present.
fought = were fighting, or about to fight.
2.
Thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel; Go and speak to Zedekiah king of Judah, and tell him, Thus saith the LORD; Behold, I will give this city into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he shall burn it with fire:
the LORD, the God of Israel. See note on Jeremiah 11:3 .
3.
And thou shalt not escape out of his hand, but shalt surely be taken, and delivered into his hand; and thine eyes shall behold the eyes of the king of Babylon, and he shall speak with thee mouth to mouth, and thou shalt go to Babylon.
thine eyes shall behold, &c. See note on Jeremiah 32:4 .
4.
Yet hear the word of the LORD, O Zedekiah king of Judah; Thus saith the LORD of thee, Thou shalt not die by the sword:
5.
But thou shalt die in peace: and with the burnings of thy fathers, the former kings which were before thee, so shall they burn odours for thee; and they will lament thee, saying, Ah lord! for I have pronounced the word, saith the LORD.
with. Some codices, with Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "like".
burn odours. Compare 2 Chronicles 16:14 , and observe the word is saraph , not katar ( App-43 for both)
6.
Then Jeremiah the prophet spake all these words unto Zedekiah king of Judah in Jerusalem,
7.
When the king of Babylon's army fought against Jerusalem, and against all the cities of Judah that were left, against Lachish, and against Azekah: for these defenced cities remained of the cities of Judah.
Lachish. Now Tell el Hesy, south of Eglon, ten and a half miles from Eleutheropolis.
Azekah. Now Tell Zakariya, in the valley of Elah. JEREMIAH: Page: 1066
8.
This is the word that came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, after that the king Zedekiah had made a covenant with all the people which were at Jerusalem, to proclaim liberty unto them;
The Twenty-Eighth Prophecy of Jeremiah (see book comments for Jeremiah).
a covenant. Note the illustration of the two covenants, (verses: Jeremiah 34:8-10 ) and (verses: Jeremiah 34:12-15 ), and compare with the other illustration in (Jeremiah 35:1-11 ).
to proclaim liberty, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 21:2 .Leviticus 25:10 , Leviticus 25:39-46 . Outside the Pent, the word occurs only in Isaiah 61:1 , and Ezekiel 46:17 .
9.
That every man should let his manservant, and every man his maidservant, being an Hebrew or an Hebrewess, go free; that none should serve himself of them, to wit, of a Jew his brother.
every man. Hebrew. 'ish . App-14 .
go free. See note on Jeremiah 34:8 , and compare verses: Jeremiah 34:21 , Jeremiah 34:22 , which show that this covenant was made during a temporary withdrawal of the besiegers, on account of the Egyptians (Jeremiah 37:5 ).
serve himself of them = use them as bondservants.
10.
Now when all the princes, and all the people, which had entered into the covenant, heard that every one should let his manservant, and every one his maidservant, go free, that none should serve themselves of them any more, then they obeyed, and let them go.
The Twenty-Ninth Prophecy of Jeremiah (see book comments for Jeremiah).
every one = ' ish , as in Jeremiah 34:9 .
11.
But afterward they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids.
12.
Therefore the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah from the LORD, saying,
13.
Thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel; I made a covenant with your fathers in the day that I brought them forth out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondmen, saying,
in the day = when. See App-18 .
bondmen = slaves.
14.
At the end of seven years let ye go every man his brother an Hebrew, which hath been sold unto thee; and when he hath served thee six years, thou shalt let him go free from thee: but your fathers hearkened not unto me, neither inclined their ear.
15.
And ye were now turned, and had done right in my sight, in proclaiming liberty every man to his neighbour; and ye had made a covenant before me in the house which is called by my name:
which is called by My name = upon which My name is called.
16.
But ye turned and polluted my name, and caused every man his servant, and every man his handmaid, whom ye had set at liberty at their pleasure, to return, and brought them into subjection, to be unto you for servants and for handmaids.
polluted My name. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 19:12 , the same word). App-92 .
he = every man.
at their pleasure = for their own soul. Hebrew. nephesh ( App-13 ): "soul" being put for the affections of the person.
17.
Therefore thus saith the LORD; Ye have not hearkened unto me, in proclaiming liberty, every one to his brother, and every man to his neighbour: behold, I proclaim a liberty for you, saith the LORD, to the sword, to the pestilence, and to the famine; and I will make you to be removed into all the kingdoms of the earth.
liberty . . . liberty. Figure of speech Antanaclasis , by which the same word is used in two different senses in the same sentence.
to. Some codices, with three early printed editions, Aramaean, Septuagint, and Syriac, read "and to", completing the Figure of speech Polysyndeton .
make you to be removed. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 28:25 , Deuteronomy 28:64 ). App-92 . Compare Jeremiah 24:9 .
18.
And I will give the men that have transgressed my covenant, which have not performed the words of the covenant which they had made before me, when they cut the calf in twain, and passed between the parts thereof,
men. Hebrew, plural of 'enosh. App-14 .
transgressed. Hebrew. 'abar. App-44 .
cut the calf in twain. Compare Genesis 15:9 , Genesis 15:10 .
passed between, &c. Ref to Pentateuch (Genesis 15:10-17 ).
19.
The princes of Judah, and the princes of Jerusalem, the eunuchs, and the priests, and all the people of the land, which passed between the parts of the calf;
20.
I will even give them into the hand of their enemies, and into the hand of them that seek their life: and their dead bodies shall be for meat unto the fowls of the heaven, and to the beasts of the earth.
life = soul. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13 .
21.
And Zedekiah king of Judah and his princes will I give into the hand of their enemies, and into the hand of them that seek their life, and into the hand of the king of Babylon's army, which are gone up from you.
which are gone up from you. See note on Jeremiah 34:9 .
22.
Behold, I will command, saith the LORD, and cause them to return to this city; and they shall fight against it, and take it, and burn it with fire: and I will make the cities of Judah a desolation without an inhabitant.
a desolation, &c.: or, too desolate to have an inhabitant; or, desolate through having no inhabitant.