1.
Now the feast of unleavened bread drew nigh, which is called the Passover.
Now, &c. Compare Matthew 26:17-19 . Mark 14:12-16 .
drew = was drawing.
passover . Aramaic, pascha. App-94 .
2.
And the chief priests and scribes sought how they might kill him; for they feared the people.
sought = were seeking. Contemporaneously with the Feast.
kill Him = get rid of, or make away with Him. Greek. anaireo = take up and carry off.
for, &c. Therefore their aim was to take Him secretly, and evade a public trial.
3.
Then entered Satan into Judas surnamed Iscariot, being of the number of the twelve.
Satan . See note on Matthew 4:10 .
into. Greek. eis. App-104 .
Judas . . . the twelve . See App-141 .
of . Greek. ek. App-104 .
4.
And he went his way, and communed with the chief priests and captains, how he might betray him unto them.
went his way . . . and = having gone away.
captains = officers of the Levitical Temple guards. Compare Jeremiah 20:1 .Acts 4:1 .
betray Him = deliver Him up.
5.
And they were glad, and covenanted to give him money.
glad = rejoiced. Because that promised to solve their difficulty.
covenanted = agreed.
6.
And he promised, and sought opportunity to betray him unto them in the absence of the multitude.
he promised . For his part. See notes on Proverbs 16:1 , Proverbs 16:9 , Proverbs 16:33 .
opportunity. Implying the difficulty.
in the absence of = without. Greek. ater. Occurs only here, and Luke 22:35 .
the multitude = a crowd.
7.
Then came the day of unleavened bread, when the passover must be killed.
came = came near; for the prepara tion had not yet been made. See App-156 .
the day . The 15th of Nisan. This was only the 10th.
passover . Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6 , for the Lamb. Aramaic. See note on Luke 22:1 .
8.
And he sent Peter and John, saying, Go and prepare us the passover, that we may eat.
eat = eat [it]: not the Lamb, but the Feast = the Chagigah.
9.
And they said unto him, Where wilt thou that we prepare?
wilt . Greek. thelo. App-102 .
10.
And he said unto them, Behold, when ye are entered into the city, there shall a man meet you, bearing a pitcher of water; follow him into the house where he entereth in.
Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .
man. Greek anthropos. App-123 . An unusual sight. They have met many men carrying wine-skins, and women carrying pitchers, but not a man carrying a "pitcher".
11.
And ye shall say unto the goodman of the house, The Master saith unto thee, Where is the guestchamber, where I shall eat the passover with my disciples?
goodman = the master of the house. App-98 .
The Master = The Teacher. App-98 . Luke 22:2 .
with . Greek meta. App-104 .
12.
And he shall shew you a large upper room furnished: there make ready.
13.
And they went, and found as he had said unto them: and they made ready the passover.
as = even as.
14.
And when the hour was come, he sat down, and the twelve apostles with him.
And when, &c. Compare Matthew 26:20 . Mark 14:17 .
was come = had come to pass: i.e. had arrived.
sat down (Greek. anapipto) = reclined.
apostles . This is supplementary. Matthew and Mark have "the twelve" only.
with. Greek. sun. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 22:22 , Luke 22:59; Luke 22:59 ; but the same as in Luke 22:56 .
15.
And he said unto them, With desire I have desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer:
unto . Greek. pros. App-104 .
With desire I have desired = I have earnestly desired. Figure of speech Polyptoton ( App-6 ). See note on Gcn. Luk 26:28 .
this passover . Not the eating of the Lamb, but the Chagigah or feast which preceded it = this [as) a Pass-over.
16.
For I say unto you, I will not any more eat thereof, until it be fulfilled in the kingdom of God.
not = by no means. Greek. ou me. App-105 .
thereof = of (Greek. ek. App-104 .) it.
it be fulfilled = it may be fulfilled. Which it would have soon been, had the nation repented.
in . Greek. en. App-104 .
the kingdom of God . See App-114 .
17.
And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and said, Take this, and divide it among yourselves:
cup. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of the Subject), App-6 , for the wine in it.
18.
For I say unto you, I will not drink of the fruit of the vine, until the kingdom of God shall come.
of = from. Greek. apo. App-104 .
the fruit = the produce: i.e. the wine (gennema, not karpos = fruit).
shall come = may have come.
19.
And he took bread, and gave thanks, and brake it, and gave unto them, saying, This is my body which is given for you: this do in remembrance of me.
And He , &c. Compare Matthew 26:26-29 . Mark 14:22-26 . 1 Corinthians 11:23-25 .
bread. A thin flat hard biscuit, which was broken, and not cut.
gave thanks . Greek. eucharisteo.
This is My body . See App-159 .
is given = is being given.
for = on your behalf. Greek. huper. App-104 .
in = for. Greek. eis. App-104 .
in remembrance , &c. = for My memorial.
20.
Likewise also the cup after supper, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood, which is shed for you.
also the cup = the cup also. after. Greek. meta. App-104 . new. Greek kaine. See Matthew 9:16 , Matthew 9:17 .
testament = covenant. Greek. diatheke. See notes on Hebrews 9:14-23 . Blood has nothing to do with a "will" or "testament", but it has with a covenant. for. Greek. eis. App-104 .
21.
But, behold, the hand of him that betrayeth me is with me on the table.
betrayeth Me = is delivering Me up. The first warning.
on . Greek. epi. App-104 . 1.
22.
And truly the Son of man goeth, as it was determined: but woe unto that man by whom he is betrayed!
23.
And they began to inquire among themselves, which of them it was that should do this thing.
among. Greek. pros. App-104 .
should do = was about to do.
24.
And there was also a strife among them, which of them should be accounted the greatest.
there was = there happened.
also a strife = a strife also.
a strife = a love of dispute. Greek philoneikia. Occurs only here.
among . Greek. en. App-104 .
greatest = greater.
25.
And he said unto them, The kings of the Gentiles exercise lordship over them; and they that exercise authority upon them are called benefactors.
Gentiles = nations.
exercise lordship = lord it. Greek. kurieuo.
exercise authority . Greek. exousiaco. Compare App-172 .
benefactors . See note on Matthew 20:26 .
26.
But ye shall not be so: but he that is greatest among you, let him be as the younger; and he that is chief, as he that doth serve.
not . Greek. ou. App-106 .
is chief = the leader. serve. See note on "minister" (Matthew 20:26 ). Compare Philippians 1:2 , Philippians 1:7 .
27.
For whether is greater, he that sitteth at meat, or he that serveth? is not he that sitteth at meat? but I am among you as he that serveth.
sitteth = reclineth,
among = in the midst of.
28.
Ye are they which have continued with me in my temptations.
temptations = trials.
29.
And I appoint unto you a kingdom, as my Father hath appointed unto me;
appoint = assign.
as = even as. Father. App-98 .
30.
That ye may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom, and sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
at. Gr epi. App-104 .
31.
And the Lord said, Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat:
the Lord. See App-98 . B.C.
Simon, Simon. The sixth example of this Figure of speech Epizeuxis ( App-6 ). See note on the first (Genesis 22:11 ).
Satan . See note on Matthew 4:10 .
hath desired = hath demanded. Greek. exciteo. Occurs only here in N.T. It means to obtain by asking. you. Plural.
sift. Greek. siniazo = to sift (as wheat), to get rid of the corn. Occurs only here. The Lord "winnows "to get rid of the chaff. Compare Matthew 3:12 . Pet. Luke 5:8 , Luke 5:9 .
32.
But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not: and when thou art converted, strengthen thy brethren.
prayed. Greek. deomai. App-134 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 22:40 , Luke 22:4 , Luke 22:44 , Luk 40:46 .
for = concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .
thee . Simon. thy faith. Not Simon himself.
not. Greek. me. App-105 .
when thou , &c. - thou, when thou hast once turned again.
strengthen = establish. Compare 1 Peter 5:10 .
33.
And he said unto him, Lord, I am ready to go with thee, both into prison, and to death.
Lord. App-98 . A.
to = into. Greek. eis, as "into" prison. App-104 .
34.
And he said, I tell thee, Peter, the cock shall not crow this day, before that thou shalt thrice deny that thou knowest me.
Peter. The Lord addressed him as such, only here, and Matthew 16:18 , to remind him of his weakness. See App-147 . He mentions him in Mark 16:7 .
the cock = a cock. See App-160 .
crow. See App-173 , and note on Matthew 26:34 . this day-to-day. Greek. semeron.
knowest . Greek. oida. App-132 .
35.
And he said unto them, When I sent you without purse, and scrip, and shoes, lacked ye any thing? And they said, Nothing.
When I sent, &c. See on Luke 9:2 , Luke 9:3 .
and . Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton ( App-6 ).
scrip. See note on Matthew 10:10 .
36.
Then said he unto them, But now, he that hath a purse, let him take it, and likewise his scrip: and he that hath no sword, let him sell his garment, and buy one.
37.
For I say unto you, that this that is written must yet be accomplished in me, And he was reckoned among the transgressors: for the things concerning me have an end.
is written = standeth written. See Isaiah 53:12 ,
among = with. Greek. meta. App-104 .
concerning . Greek. peri. App-104 .
38.
And they said, Lord, behold, here are two swords. And he said unto them, It is enough.
But now , &c. Showing that precepts given when the kingdom was being proclaimed, no longer held good when it had been rejected.
no sword = not [money]. Greek. me. App-105 .
one = a sword.
39.
And he came out, and went, as he was wont, to the mount of Olives; and his disciples also followed him.
as He was wont = according to (Greek. kata. App-104 .) [His] custom.
disciples. The eleven.
40.
And when he was at the place, he said unto them, Pray that ye enter not into temptation.
the place. Gethsemane =oil-press.
Pray. Greek. proseuchomai. App-134 . Not the same word as in Luke 22:32 .
41.
And he was withdrawn from them about a stone's cast, and kneeled down, and prayed,
he = He Himself.
was withdrawn = was parted. Greek apospao. Only here; Matthew 26:51 .Acts 20:30 ; Acts 21:1 .
from . Greek. apo. App-104 .
42.
Saying, Father, if thou be willing, remove this cup from me: nevertheless not my will, but thine, be done.
if, &c. See App-118 .
Thou be willing . -it be Thine intention. Compare App-102 .
will = desire. Greek. thelema. Compare App-102 . Verses Luk 43:44 are omitted or marked as doubtful by most texts, but the Syriac includes them. See App-94 . note.
43.
And there appeared an angel unto him from heaven, strengthening him.
appeared. App-106 . an
angel. As after the Temptation (Matthew 4:11 ).
heaven . Singular, without the Art. See Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .
strengthening. Greek. enischuo. Occurs only here, and Acts 9:19 .
44.
And being in an agony he prayed more earnestly: and his sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling down to the ground.
being = becoming. Implying in creasing intensity,
an agony . Greek. agenia. Occurs only here. more earnestly. Only here.
was = became.
to = upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .
ground = earth. Greek. ge. App-129 .
45.
And when he rose up from prayer, and was come to his disciples, he found them sleeping for sorrow,
to. Greek. pros. App-104 .
for = from. Greek. apo. App-104 . Verses 47-53. Compare Matthew 26:47-56 . Mark 14:43-52 .
46.
And said unto them, Why sleep ye? rise and pray, lest ye enter into temptation.
47.
And while he yet spake, behold a multitude, and he that was called Judas, one of the twelve, went before them, and drew near unto Jesus to kiss him.
yet spake = was yet speaking.
multitude = crowd.
went = was going. Jesus. See App-98 .
48.
But Jesus said unto him, Judas, betrayest thou the Son of man with a kiss?
betrayest thou = deliverest thou up.
49.
When they which were about him saw what would follow, they said unto him, Lord, shall we smite with the sword?
about = around. Greek. peri. App-104 . saw. Greek. eidon. App-133 .
would follow = was about to happen.
with. Greek en. App-104 .
50.
And one of them smote the servant of the high priest, and cut off his right ear.
the servant . The well-known servant Malchus (John 18:10 ).
51.
And Jesus answered and said, Suffer ye thus far. And he touched his ear, and healed him.
healed him. Added by Luke. See on Luke 6:17 .
52.
Then Jesus said unto the chief priests, and captains of the temple, and the elders, which were come to him, Be ye come out, as against a thief, with swords and staves?
chief priests . The heads of the twenty-four courses.
temple. Greek. hieron. See note on Matthew 23:16 .
to = against. Greek. epi. App-104 .
against. Same as "to", above.
a thief = a brigand, or robber. See note on Luk 27:38 , and App-164 .
53.
When I was daily with you in the temple, ye stretched forth no hands against me: but this is your hour, and the power of darkness.
no = not. App-105 .
your hour, &c. = your hour [and the hour of] the authority ( App-172 ) of darkness. See 2 Chronicles 1:13; 2 Chronicles 1:13 ; and compare Hebrews 2:14 .
54.
Then took they him, and led him, and brought him into the high priest's house. And Peter followed afar off.
took = seized. Verses Luke 22:54-60 . Compare Luk 26:57-75 .Mark 14:53-72 .
followed = was following.
55.
And when they had kindled a fire in the midst of the hall, and were set down together, Peter sat down among them.
kindled = lighted. Greek. hapto. Only in Luke 8:16 ; Luke 11:33 ; Luke 15:8 .
hall = court.
56.
But a certain maid beheld him as he sat by the fire, and earnestly looked upon him, and said, This man was also with him.
a certain maid See App-160 .
beheld = saw, as in Luke 22:49
by = at. Greek. pros. App-104 .
fire = light App-130 .
earnestly looked . App-133 .
This man was also = This one also was
57.
And he denied him, saying, Woman, I know him not.
58.
And after a little while another saw him, and said, Thou art also of them. And Peter said, Man, I am not.
another = different one. Greek. heteros. App-124 .
thou art also = thou also art.
59.
And about the space of one hour after another confidently affirmed, saying, Of a truth this fellow also was with him: for he is a Galilaean.
another = a certain other (Greek. altos. App-124 .) See App-160 .
Of = Upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .
60.
And Peter said, Man, I know not what thou sayest. And immediately, while he yet spake, the cock crew.
immediately = on the spot. Greek. parachrema. See Luke 1:64 .
yet spake = was yet speaking. App-160
61.
And the Lord turned, and looked upon Peter. And Peter remembered the word of the Lord, how he had said unto him, Before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice.
and looked . He was bound; and to speak aloud was out of the question, looked upon Greek. emblepo. App-133 .
word . Greek. logos. See note on Mark 9:32 .
62.
And Peter went out, and wept bitterly.
out = outside.
63.
And the men that held Jesus mocked him, and smote him.
the men. Greek. p1. of aner. App-123 . Not thesame word as in Luke 22:10 .
mocked = were mocking. Greek. empaizo. Compare Luke 18:32 .
and smote = smiting.
64.
And when they had blindfolded him, they struck him on the face, and asked him, saying, Prophesy, who is it that smote thee?
blindfolded = covered. Greek. perikalupto. Only here; Mark 14:65 .Hebrews 9:4 .
the face. Still covered.
asked = kept asking. App-134 .
65.
And many other things blasphemously spake they against him.
other = different. App-124 .
spake = said.
against = to. Greek. eis. App-104 .
66.
And as soon as it was day, the elders of the people and the chief priests and the scribes came together, and led him into their council, saying,
was = became.
the elders = the assembly of the elders, as in Acts 22:5 .
and, &c. Read "both chief priests and scribes". There are no Articles.
council. Greek. sunhedrion.
67.
Art thou the Christ? tell us. And he said unto them, If I tell you, ye will not believe:
Art thou = lf thou art, &c. The condition assumed. See App-118 .
the Christ = the Messiah. App-98 .
If I tell you. Implying "which I do not". App-118 .
believe. App-150 .
68.
And if I also ask you, ye will not answer me, nor let me go.
I also ask you = I ask [you] also.
69.
Hereafter shall the Son of man sit on the right hand of the power of God.
70.
Then said they all, Art thou then the Son of God? And he said unto them, Ye say that I am.
the Son of God. App-98 .
ye say, &c. A Hebraism, denoting a strong affirmation.
71.
And they said, What need we any further witness? for we ourselves have heard of his own mouth.
What need , &c. = Why have we still need of testimony?
have heard = heard.