1.
And when it was determined that we should sail into Italy, they delivered Paul and certain other prisoners unto one named Julius, a centurion of Augustus' band.
when: Acts 19:21, Acts 23:11, Acts 25:12, Acts 25:25, Genesis 50:20, Psalms 33:11, Psalms 76:10, Proverbs 19:21, Lamentations 3:27, Daniel 4:35, Romans 15:22-29
Italy: Italy is a well-known country of Europe, bounded by the Adriatic or Venetian Gulf on the east, the Tyrrhene or Tuscan Sea on the west, and by the Alps on the north. Acts 10:1, Acts 18:2, Hebrews 13:24
a centurion: Acts 27:11, Acts 27:43, Acts 10:22, Acts 21:32, Acts 22:26, Acts 23:17, Acts 24:23, Acts 28:16, Matthew 8:5-10, Matthew 27:54, Luke 7:2, Luke 23:47
Augustus': Acts 25:25
Reciprocal: Matthew 27:27 - band Mark 15:39 - the centurion Acts 21:8 - we that Acts 22:25 - the centurion Acts 23:18 - Paul Acts 25:21 - Augustus Acts 27:3 - Julius Acts 27:6 - the centurion Romans 1:10 - a prosperous Romans 15:32 - I may 2 Corinthians 11:23 - in prisons 2 Corinthians 11:25 - thrice
2.
And entering into a ship of Adramyttium, we launched, meaning to sail by the coasts of Asia; one Aristarchus, a Macedonian of Thessalonica, being with us.
Adramyttium: Adramyttium, now Adramyti, was a maritime city of Mysia in Asia Minor, seated at the foot of Mount Ida, on a gulf of the same name, opposite the island of Lesbos.
we: Acts 21:1, Luke 8:22
to sail: Acts 20:15, Acts 20:16, Acts 21:1-3
Aristarchus: Acts 19:19, Acts 20:4, Colossians 4:10, Philemon 1:24
with us: Acts 16:10-13, Acts 16:17, Acts 20:5, Acts 21:5, Acts 28:2, Acts 28:10, Acts 28:12, Acts 28:16
Reciprocal: Acts 17:1 - Thessalonica Acts 19:29 - Aristarchus
3.
And the next day we touched at Sidon. And Julius courteously entreated Paul, and gave him liberty to go unto his friends to refresh himself.
Sidon: Acts 12:20, Genesis 10:15, Genesis 49:13, Isaiah 23:2-4, Isaiah 23:12, Zechariah 9:2
Julius: Acts 24:23, Acts 27:1, Acts 27:3, Acts 28:16
Reciprocal: Jeremiah 40:5 - gave him Luke 7:2 - centurion's Acts 22:25 - the centurion Acts 27:43 - willing Acts 28:2 - showed Hebrews 13:3 - them that 1 Peter 3:8 - courteous
4.
And when we had launched from thence, we sailed under Cyprus, because the winds were contrary.
Cyprus: Acts 4:36, Acts 11:19, Acts 11:20, Acts 13:4, Acts 15:39, Acts 21:3, Acts 21:16
the winds: Matthew 14:24, Mark 6:48
Reciprocal: Acts 27:7 - under
5.
And when we had sailed over the sea of Cilicia and Pamphylia, we came to Myra, a city of Lycia.
Cilicia: Acts 6:9, Acts 15:23, Acts 15:41, Acts 21:39, Acts 22:3, Galatians 1:21
Pamphylia: Acts 2:10, Acts 13:13, Acts 15:38
Myra: Myra was a city of Lycia, situated on a hill, twenty stadia from the sea.
6.
And there the centurion found a ship of Alexandria sailing into Italy; and he put us therein.
the centurion: Acts 27:1
Alexandria: Alexandria, now Scanderoon, was a celebrated city and port of Egypt, built by Alexander the Great, situated on the Mediterranean and the lake Moeris, opposite the island of Pharos, and about twelve miles from the western branch of the Nile. Acts 6:9, Acts 18:24, Acts 28:11
Reciprocal: Acts 21:2 - finding
7.
And when we had sailed slowly many days, and scarce were come over against Cnidus, the wind not suffering us, we sailed under Crete, over against Salmone;
Cnidus: Cnidus was a town and promontory of Caria in Asia Minor, opposite Crete, now Cape Krio.
we sailed: Acts 27:12, Acts 27:13, Acts 27:21, Acts 2:11, Titus 1:5, Titus 1:12
under: Acts 27:4
Crete: or, Candy, Crete, now Candy, is a large island in the Mediterranean, 250 miles in length, 50 in breadth, and 600 in circumference, lying at the entrance of the Aegean sea.
Salmone: Salmone, now Salamina, was a city and cape on the east of the island of Crete.
8.
And, hardly passing it, came unto a place which is called The fair havens; nigh whereunto was the city of Lasea.
The fair havens: The Fair Havens, still known by the same name, was a port on the south-eastern part of Crete, near Lasea, of which nothing now remains. Acts 27:8
Reciprocal: Acts 27:12 - the haven
9.
Now when much time was spent, and when sailing was now dangerous, because the fast was now already past, Paul admonished them,
the fast: "The fast was on the tenth day of the seventh month." Leviticus 16:29, Leviticus 23:27-29, Numbers 29:7
Reciprocal: Psalms 107:23 - go down Jeremiah 36:6 - upon Acts 27:21 - ye should
10.
And said unto them, Sirs, I perceive that this voyage will be with hurt and much damage, not only of the lading and ship, but also of our lives.
I perceive: Acts 27:21-26, Acts 27:31, Acts 27:34, Genesis 41:16-25, Genesis 41:38, Genesis 41:39, 2 Kings 6:9, 2 Kings 6:10, Psalms 25:14, Daniel 2:30, Amos 3:7
damage: or, injury, Acts 27:20, Acts 27:41-44, 1 Peter 4:18
Reciprocal: Acts 14:15 - Sirs
11.
Nevertheless the centurion believed the master and the owner of the ship, more than those things which were spoken by Paul.
believed: Acts 27:21, Exodus 9:20, Exodus 9:21, 2 Kings 6:10, Proverbs 27:12, Ezekiel 3:17, Ezekiel 3:18, Ezekiel 33:4, Hebrews 11:7
Reciprocal: Isaiah 7:9 - If ye Acts 27:1 - a centurion Acts 27:25 - I believe Acts 27:31 - said Acts 27:43 - willing
12.
And because the haven was not commodious to winter in, the more part advised to depart thence also, if by any means they might attain to Phenice, and there to winter; which is an haven of Crete, and lieth toward the south west and north west.
the haven: Acts 27:8, Psalms 107:30
Phenice: Phenice, was a sea-port on the western side of Crete; probably defended from the fury of the winds by a high and winding shore, forming a semicircle, and perhaps by some small island in front; leaving two openings, one towards the south-west, and the other towards the north-west.
Crete: Acts 27:7
Reciprocal: Acts 2:11 - Cretes 1 Corinthians 16:6 - winter Philippians 3:11 - by Titus 1:5 - Crete
13.
And when the south wind blew softly, supposing that they had obtained their purpose, loosing thence, they sailed close by Crete.
the south: Job 37:17, Psalms 78:26, Song of Solomon 4:16, Luke 12:55
loosing: Acts 27:21
Reciprocal: Ecclesiastes 1:6 - The wind Jonah 1:4 - the Lord Matthew 8:5 - a centurion Acts 13:13 - loosed Acts 27:7 - we sailed Acts 28:13 - the south
14.
But not long after there arose against it a tempestuous wind, called Euroclydon.
not: Exodus 14:21-27, Jonah 1:3-5
arose: or beat
a tempestuous: Psalms 107:25-27, Ezekiel 27:26, Matthew 8:24, Mark 4:37
Euroclydon: Probably, as Dr. Shaw supposes, one of those tempestuous winds called levanters, which blow in all directions, from ne round by e to se
Reciprocal: Luke 8:23 - came James 3:4 - are driven
15.
And when the ship was caught, and could not bear up into the wind, we let her drive.
we: Acts 27:27, James 3:4
Reciprocal: Psalms 107:27 - are at their wit's end
16.
And running under a certain island which is called Clauda, we had much work to come by the boat:
Clauda: Clauda, called Cauda and Gaudos by Mela and Pliny, and Claudos by Ptolemy, and now Gozo, according to Dr. Shaw, is a small island, situated at the south-western extremity of the island of Crete. Acts 27:16
Reciprocal: Acts 27:30 - the boat
17.
Which when they had taken up, they used helps, undergirding the ship; and, fearing lest they should fall into the quicksands, strake sail, and so were driven.
fearing: Acts 27:29, Acts 27:41
18.
And we being exceedingly tossed with a tempest, the next day they lightened the ship;
being: Psalms 107:27
the next: Acts 27:19, Acts 27:38, Jonah 1:5, Matthew 16:26, Luke 16:8, Philippians 3:7, Philippians 3:8, Hebrews 12:1
Reciprocal: Job 2:4 - all that Isaiah 54:11 - tossed Mark 13:15 - General Luke 12:23 - General Acts 27:27 - the fourteenth
19.
And the third day we cast out with our own hands the tackling of the ship.
we: Job 2:4, Jonah 1:5, Mark 8:35-37, Luke 9:24, Luke 9:25
Reciprocal: Ecclesiastes 3:6 - and a time to cast Isaiah 33:23 - Thy tacklings are loosed Mark 13:15 - General Luke 12:23 - General Acts 27:18 - the next Acts 27:38 - they lightened Philippians 3:7 - General
20.
And when neither sun nor stars in many days appeared, and no small tempest lay on us, all hope that we should be saved was then taken away.
neither: Exodus 10:21-23, Psalms 105:28, Matthew 24:29
and no: Psalms 107:25-27, Jonah 1:4, Jonah 1:11-14, Matthew 8:24, Matthew 8:25, 2 Corinthians 11:25
all: Isaiah 57:10, Jeremiah 2:25, Ezekiel 37:11, Ephesians 2:12, 1 Thessalonians 4:13
Reciprocal: Job 3:4 - darkness Job 36:32 - General Isaiah 43:1 - I have called Jeremiah 49:23 - on the sea Daniel 3:17 - our God Acts 27:10 - damage
21.
But after long abstinence Paul stood forth in the midst of them, and said, Sirs, ye should have hearkened unto me, and not have loosed from Crete, and to have gained this harm and loss.
after: Acts 27:33-35, Psalms 107:5, Psalms 107:6
ye should: Acts 27:9, Acts 27:10, Genesis 42:22
not: Acts 27:13
Reciprocal: Acts 14:15 - Sirs Acts 27:7 - we sailed Acts 27:11 - believed Acts 27:25 - I believe Acts 27:31 - said 1 Corinthians 3:15 - he shall Titus 1:5 - Crete
22.
And now I exhort you to be of good cheer: for there shall be no loss of any man's life among you, but of the ship.
I exhort: Acts 27:25, Acts 27:36, Acts 23:11, 1 Samuel 30:6, Ezra 10:2, Job 22:29, Job 22:30, Psalms 112:7, Isaiah 43:1, Isaiah 43:2, 2 Corinthians 1:4-6, 2 Corinthians 4:8, 2 Corinthians 4:9
for: Acts 27:31, Acts 27:34, Acts 27:44, Job 2:4
Reciprocal: John 16:33 - but
23.
For there stood by me this night the angel of God, whose I am, and whom I serve,
there: Acts 5:19, Acts 12:8-11, Acts 12:23, Acts 23:11, Daniel 6:22, Hebrews 1:14, Revelation 22:16
whose: Exodus 19:5, Deuteronomy 32:9, Psalms 135:4, Song of Solomon 2:16, Song of Solomon 6:3, Isaiah 44:5, Jeremiah 31:33, Jeremiah 32:38, Ezekiel 36:38, Zechariah 13:9, Malachi 3:17, John 17:9, John 17:10, 1 Corinthians 6:20, Titus 2:14, 1 Peter 2:9, 1 Peter 2:10
and: Acts 16:17, Psalms 116:16, Psalms 143:12, Isaiah 44:21, Daniel 3:17, Daniel 3:26, Daniel 3:28, Daniel 6:16, Daniel 6:20, John 12:26, Romans 1:1, Romans 1:9, Romans 6:22, 2 Timothy 1:3, 2 Timothy 2:24, Titus 1:1
Reciprocal: Genesis 18:19 - that the Deuteronomy 26:17 - avouched Joshua 22:5 - serve Judges 7:9 - the same 1 Samuel 9:15 - the Lord 1 Kings 17:1 - before whom Ezra 5:11 - We are Psalms 107:28 - General Psalms 119:94 - I am thine Song of Solomon 7:10 - my Song of Solomon 8:5 - leaning Jonah 1:9 - and I Malachi 3:18 - between him Matthew 18:10 - their Luke 2:9 - lo John 7:44 - no man Acts 8:26 - The angel Acts 10:3 - an Acts 12:7 - the angel Acts 16:9 - a vision Acts 18:9 - spake Acts 20:19 - Serving Acts 23:9 - if Acts 26:16 - in the 2 Timothy 4:17 - the Lord
24.
Saying, Fear not, Paul; thou must be brought before Caesar: and, lo, God hath given thee all them that sail with thee.
Fear not: Acts 18:9, Acts 18:10, Genesis 15:1, Genesis 46:3, 1 Kings 17:13, 2 Kings 6:16, Isaiah 41:10-14, Isaiah 43:1-5, Matthew 10:28, Revelation 1:17
thou: Acts 9:15, Acts 19:21, Acts 23:11, Acts 25:11, Matthew 10:18, John 11:9, 2 Timothy 4:16, 2 Timothy 4:17, Revelation 11:5-7
lo: Acts 27:37, Genesis 12:2, Genesis 18:23-32, Genesis 19:21, Genesis 19:22, Genesis 19:29, Genesis 30:27, Genesis 39:5, Genesis 39:23, Isaiah 58:11, Isaiah 58:12, Micah 5:7, James 5:16
Reciprocal: Genesis 18:19 - that the Genesis 18:24 - spare Deuteronomy 3:2 - Fear Deuteronomy 20:3 - be ye terrified Joshua 6:23 - out Rahab 2 Kings 2:12 - My father 2 Kings 6:10 - saved 2 Kings 20:6 - I will add Job 22:30 - He shall deliver the island of the innocent Job 35:8 - may profit Psalms 31:15 - My times Psalms 49:5 - Wherefore Psalms 64:1 - preserve Psalms 119:94 - I am thine Isaiah 38:5 - I will Lamentations 3:57 - thou saidst Ezekiel 14:16 - they shall Daniel 2:24 - Destroy Daniel 6:16 - Thy God Daniel 10:12 - Fear not Jonah 1:12 - for Haggai 2:5 - fear Matthew 24:6 - must Luke 1:30 - General John 16:13 - he will show Acts 12:7 - the angel Acts 16:9 - a vision Acts 22:15 - thou shalt Acts 26:16 - in the Acts 27:44 - that 1 Peter 4:18 - if
25.
Wherefore, sirs, be of good cheer: for I believe God, that it shall be even as it was told me.
I believe: Acts 27:11, Acts 27:21, Numbers 23:19, 2 Chronicles 20:20, Luke 1:45, Romans 4:20, Romans 4:21, 2 Timothy 1:12
Reciprocal: Psalms 112:7 - trusting Psalms 119:42 - for I trust Isaiah 7:9 - If ye Isaiah 43:1 - I have called Jonah 3:5 - believed John 16:33 - but Acts 14:15 - Sirs Acts 23:11 - Be Acts 27:22 - I exhort Romans 4:18 - against
26.
Howbeit we must be cast upon a certain island.
a certain: Acts 28:1
Reciprocal: Acts 27:41 - they ran
27.
But when the fourteenth night was come, as we were driven up and down in Adria, about midnight the shipmen deemed that they drew near to some country;
the fourteenth: Acts 27:18-20
Adria: Adria strictly speaking, was the name of the Adriatic gulf, now the Gulf of Venice, an arm of the Mediterranean, about 400 miles long and 140 broad, stretching along the eastern shores of Italy on one side, and Dalmatia, Sclavonia, and Macedonia on the other. But the term Adria was extended far beyond the limits of this gulf, and appears to have been given to an indeterminate extent of sea, as we say, generally, the Levant. It is observable, that the sacred historian does not say "in the Adriatic gulf," but "in Adria," (that is, the Adriatic sea, נוכבדןע [Strong's G99] being understood); which, says Hesychius, was the same as the Ionian sea; and Strabo says that the Ionian gulf "is a part of that now called the Adriatic." But not only the Ionian, but even the Sicilian sea, and part of that which washes Crete, were called the Adriatic. Thus the scholiast on Dionysius Periegetis says, "they call this Sicilian sea Adria." And Ptolemy says that Sicily was bounded on the east by the Adriatic, ץנן [Strong's G5259], הסיןי [Strong's G99], and that Crete was bounded on the west by the Adriatic sea, ץנן [Strong's G5259], פןץ [Strong's G5120], הסיבפיךןם נוכבדןע [Strong's G3989].
the shipmen: Acts 27:30, 1 Kings 9:27, Jonah 1:6, Revelation 18:17
Reciprocal: Acts 27:15 - we Acts 27:33 - This
28.
And sounded, and found it twenty fathoms: and when they had gone a little further, they sounded again, and found it fifteen fathoms.
Reciprocal: Ezekiel 3:6 - of a strange speech and of an hard language
29.
Then fearing lest we should have fallen upon rocks, they cast four anchors out of the stern, and wished for the day.
fallen: Acts 27:17, Acts 27:41
anchors: Acts 27:30, Acts 27:40, Hebrews 6:19
and wished: Deuteronomy 28:67, Psalms 130:6
Reciprocal: Acts 27:33 - while
30.
And as the shipmen were about to flee out of the ship, when they had let down the boat into the sea, under colour as though they would have cast anchors out of the foreship,
the boat: Acts 27:16, Acts 27:32
foreship: Acts 27:41
Reciprocal: Isaiah 33:23 - Thy tacklings are loosed Acts 27:27 - the shipmen Acts 27:29 - anchors Acts 27:40 - taken up
31.
Paul said to the centurion and to the soldiers, Except these abide in the ship, ye cannot be saved.
said: Acts 27:11, Acts 27:21, Acts 27:42, Acts 27:43
Except: Acts 27:22-24, Psalms 91:11, Psalms 91:12, Jeremiah 29:11-13, Ezekiel 36:36, Ezekiel 36:37, Luke 1:34, Luke 1:35, Luke 4:9-12, John 6:37, 2 Thessalonians 2:13, 2 Thessalonians 2:14
Reciprocal: Genesis 18:19 - that the Numbers 35:28 - he should Joshua 2:19 - whosoever 1 Kings 1:12 - save Matthew 8:5 - a centurion Acts 10:1 - a centurion Acts 27:10 - I perceive Acts 28:16 - the centurion 1 Peter 4:18 - if
32.
Then the soldiers cut off the ropes of the boat, and let her fall off.
Luke 16:8, Philippians 3:7-9
Reciprocal: Acts 27:30 - the boat
33.
And while the day was coming on, Paul besought them all to take meat, saying, This day is the fourteenth day that ye have tarried and continued fasting, having taken nothing.
while: Acts 27:29
This: Acts 27:27
Reciprocal: Esther 4:16 - eat nor drink Matthew 15:32 - three Acts 9:19 - when Acts 27:21 - after
34.
Wherefore I pray you to take some meat: for this is for your health: for there shall not an hair fall from the head of any of you.
for this: Matthew 15:32, Mark 8:2, Mark 8:3, Philippians 2:5, 1 Timothy 5:23
for there: 1 Kings 1:52, Matthew 10:30, Luke 12:7, Luke 21:18
Reciprocal: 1 Samuel 14:45 - there shall not 2 Samuel 14:11 - not one hair 1 Kings 18:41 - Get Daniel 3:27 - nor was Acts 27:10 - I perceive Acts 27:22 - for
35.
And when he had thus spoken, he took bread, and gave thanks to God in presence of them all: and when he had broken it, he began to eat.
and gave: Acts 2:46, Acts 2:47, 1 Samuel 9:13, Matthew 15:36, Mark 8:6, Luke 24:30, John 6:11, John 6:23, Romans 14:6, 1 Corinthians 10:30, 1 Corinthians 10:31, 1 Timothy 4:3, 1 Timothy 4:4
in: Psalms 119:46, Romans 1:16, 2 Timothy 1:8, 2 Timothy 1:12, 1 Peter 4:16
Reciprocal: Matthew 14:19 - he blessed Mark 6:41 - blessed Luke 9:16 - he blessed 1 Corinthians 15:57 - thanks
36.
Then were they all of good cheer, and they also took some meat.
they all: Psalms 27:14, 2 Corinthians 1:4-6
Reciprocal: Acts 27:22 - I exhort
37.
And we were in all in the ship two hundred threescore and sixteen souls.
two: Acts 27:24
souls: Acts 2:41, Acts 7:14, Romans 13:1, 1 Peter 3:20
38.
And when they had eaten enough, they lightened the ship, and cast out the wheat into the sea.
they lightened: Acts 27:18, Acts 27:19, Job 2:4, Jonah 1:5, Matthew 6:25, Matthew 16:26, Hebrews 12:1
The wheat: The Romans imported corn from Egypt, by way of Alexandria, to which this ship belonged; for a curious account of which see Bryant's treatise on the Euroclydon.
Reciprocal: Ecclesiastes 3:6 - and a time to cast Mark 13:15 - General Luke 12:23 - General Philippians 3:7 - General
39.
And when it was day, they knew not the land: but they discovered a certain creek with a shore, into the which they were minded, if it were possible, to thrust in the ship.
40.
And when they had taken up the anchors, they committed themselves unto the sea, and loosed the rudder bands, and hoised up the mainsail to the wind, and made toward shore.
taken up: etc. or, cut the anchors, they left them in the sea, etc. Acts 27:29, Acts 27:30
the rudder bands: Or, "the bands of the rudders;" for large vessels in ancient times had two or more rudders, which were fastened to the ship by means of bands, or chains, by which they were hoisted out of the water when incapable of being used. These bands being loosed, the rudders would fall into their proper places, and serve to steer the vessel into the creek, which they had in view, and hoisted. Isaiah 33:23
Reciprocal: Hebrews 6:19 - as an
41.
And falling into a place where two seas met, they ran the ship aground; and the forepart stuck fast, and remained unmoveable, but the hinder part was broken with the violence of the waves.
they ran: Acts 27:17, Acts 27:26-29, 2 Corinthians 11:25
broken: 1 Kings 22:48, 2 Chronicles 20:37, Ezekiel 27:26, Ezekiel 27:34, 2 Corinthians 11:25, 2 Corinthians 11:26
Reciprocal: Isaiah 33:23 - Thy tacklings are loosed Mark 4:37 - great storm Acts 27:10 - damage Acts 27:29 - fallen Acts 27:30 - foreship Romans 15:32 - I may
42.
And the soldiers' counsel was to kill the prisoners, lest any of them should swim out, and escape.
Psalms 74:20, Proverbs 12:10, Ecclesiastes 9:3, Mark 15:15-20, Luke 23:40, Luke 23:41
Reciprocal: Acts 26:17 - Delivering Acts 27:31 - said 1 Peter 4:18 - if
43.
But the centurion, willing to save Paul, kept them from their purpose; and commanded that they which could swim should cast themselves first into the sea, and get to land:
willing: Acts 27:3, Acts 27:11, Acts 27:31, Acts 23:10, Acts 23:24, Proverbs 16:7, 2 Corinthians 11:25
Reciprocal: Jeremiah 26:24 - that Jeremiah 40:5 - gave him Matthew 8:5 - a centurion Matthew 27:54 - the centurion Mark 15:39 - the centurion Luke 7:2 - centurion's Acts 10:1 - a centurion Acts 22:25 - the centurion Acts 28:16 - the centurion
44.
And the rest, some on boards, and some on broken pieces of the ship. And so it came to pass, that they escaped all safe to land.
that: Acts 27:22, Acts 27:24, Psalms 107:28-30, Amos 9:9, John 6:39, John 6:40, 2 Corinthians 1:8-10, 1 Peter 4:18
land: Melita, now Malta, the island on which Paul and his companions were cast, is situate in the Mediterranean sea, about fifty miles from the coast of Sicily, towards Africa; and is one immense rock of soft white free-stone, twenty miles long, twelve in its greatest breadth, and sixty in circumference. Some, however, with the learned Jacob Bryant, are of opinion that this island was Melita in the Adriatic gulf, near Illyricum; but it may be sufficient to observe, that the course of the Alexandrian ship, first to Syracuse and then to Rhegium, proves that it was the present Malta, as the proper course from the Illyrian Melita would have been first to Rhegium, before it reached Syracuse, to which indeed it need not have gone at all.
Reciprocal: Acts 28:1 - the island 1 Corinthians 3:15 - he shall 1 Corinthians 10:13 - make