1.

Then came David to Nob to Ahimelech the priest: and Ahimelech was afraid at the meeting of David, and said unto him, Why art thou alone, and no man with thee?

Ahimelech . So called here and in 1 Samuel 22:9 , 1 Samuel 22:11 , 1 Samuel 22:14 , 1 Samuel 22:16 , 1 Samuel 22:20 . See note on 1 Samuel 14:3 and Mark 2:26 ,
man . Hebrew. 'ish. App-14 .

2.

And David said unto Ahimelech the priest, The king hath commanded me a business, and hath said unto me, Let no man know any thing of the business whereabout I send thee, and what I have commanded thee: and I have appointed my servants to such and such a place.

3.

Now therefore what is under thine hand? give me five loaves of bread in mine hand, or what there is present.

4.

And the priest answered David, and said, There is no common bread under mine hand, but there is hallowed bread; if the young men have kept themselves at least from women.

common : i.e. or unhallowed.
hallowed = holy. See note on Exodus 3:5 .
kept . And thus ceremonially clean, to eat such bread.

5.

And David answered the priest, and said unto him, Of a truth women have been kept from us about these three days, since I came out, and the vessels of the young men are holy, and the bread is in a manner common, yea, though it were sanctified this day in the vessel.

vessels = wallets. Compare 1 Samuel 17:40 . Word not used in O.T. in the N.T. sense of 2 Timothy 2:21 . 1 Thessalonians 4:4 , &. c. holy. See note on Exodus 3:5 . Compare "hallowed", 1 Samuel 21:4 .
yea, though it were sanctified this day in the vessel = and the more so, when to-day [there are other loaves] to be hallowed in respect of their vessels,

6.

So the priest gave him hallowed bread: for there was no bread there but the shewbread, that was taken from before the LORD, to put hot bread in the day when it was taken away.

the LORD . Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4 .

7.

Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name was Doeg, an Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul.

detained , &c. Probably from some ceremonial reason. Compare "shut up "(Jeremiah 36:5 ), or a "vow "(Acts 21:23-27 ), or "uncleanness" (Leviticus 13:4 , Leviticus 13:11 , Leviticus 13:21 ).

8.

And David said unto Ahimelech, And is there not here under thine hand spear or sword? for I have neither brought my sword nor my weapons with me, because the king's business required haste.

9.

And the priest said, The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom thou slewest in the valley of Elah, behold, it is here wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod: if thou wilt take that, take it: for there is no other save that here. And David said, There is none like that; give it me.

behold . Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .

10.

And David arose, and fled that day for fear of Saul, and went to Achish the king of Gath.

for fear of Saul = from the face of Saul.

11.

And the servants of Achish said unto him, Is not this David the king of the land? did they not sing one to another of him in dances, saying, Saul hath slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands?

Is not this . Compare 1 Samuel 18:7 and 1 Samuel 29:5 .
did they not . . . ? Figure of speech Erotesis. App-6 . Compare 1 Samuel 18:7 and 1 Samuel 29:5 .

12.

And David laid up these words in his heart, and was sore afraid of Achish the king of Gath.

Achish. See subscription of Psalms 55 (Comp. Bible). (Not superscription of Psalms 56 as in Authorized Version)
[ Conversion Note ]
Subscription of Psalms 55 reads: To the chief Musician ° upon ° Jonath-elem-rechokim.
Psalms 34:1 contains a reference to Achish (referenced in the original text below), and the author may have intended to reference it instead.

13.

And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.

changed, &c. See Psalms 34:1
scrabbled on. Septuagint reads "struck against".

14.

Then said Achish unto his servants, Lo, ye see the man is mad: wherefore then have ye brought him to me?

Lo . Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .
wherefore . . . ? Figure of speech Erotesis. App-6 .
him = the man (1 Samuel 21:7 ).

15.

Have I need of mad men, that ye have brought this fellow to play the mad man in my presence? shall this fellow come into my house?

Have I . . . ? shall this . . . ? Figure of speech Erotesis. App-6 .