1.
And you hath he quickened, who were dead in trespasses and sins;
And you = Even you. Resuming from Ephesians 1:19 .
hath He quickened . Omit. The Ellipsis in Authorized Version and Revised Version supplied from Ephesians 2:5 .
dead . App-139 .
in = by. No preposition. Dative case.
trespasses . App-128 . The texts prefix "your".
sins . App-128 .
2.
Wherein in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience:
Wherein = In (Greek. en) which.
in time past = once.
the course ( aion ) of this world = the age of this world ( App-129 .)
course . Greek. aio n. App-129 .
prince = ruler, i.e. Satan. Compare 2 Corinthians 4:4 . Greek. archon. In this Epistle Paul uses the very terminology of the Gnostic teaching that the universe was ruled by AEONS, emanations of Deity. The archon here being the one who had dominion over the air, and the whole body of AEONS forming the pleroma (fulness) of the spiritual world, in contrast with the emptiness ( kenona ) or unsubstantial character of the material world ( kosmos ).
power . App-172 .
spirit . App-101 .
worketh = is working. See Ephesians 1:11 .
children of disobedience . Hebraism: not disobedient children, but sons ( App-108 .) of Satan in a special manner, being those in whom he works, and on whom the wrath of God comes (Ephesians 5:6 ).
disobedience = the disobedience. See Romans 11:30 .
3.
Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others.
Among. Greek. en . App-104 .
also we . . . past = we also all once lived.
conversation . See 2 Corinthians 1:12 .
lusts . Greek. epithumia, strong desire. See Luke 22:15 . Not necessarily evil desire, as see the verb in 1 Timothy 3:1 .
flesh . Old nature. See Romans 7:5 .
fulfilling = doing. Greek. poieo.
desires . App-102 .
flesh . The coarse lusts of the body.
mind . Greek. dianoia, thought. The refined lusts of the mind.
by nature . See Romans 2:27 .
the . Omit.
children . App-108 .
wrath . See Romans 1:18 .
even as . Add "also".
4.
But God, who is rich in mercy, for his great love wherewith he loved us,
God . App-98 .
Who is = being.
mercy . Compare Romans 9:23 .
for = on account of. App-104 .Ephesians 2:2 .
love, loved . App-135 .
5.
Even when we were dead in sins, hath quickened us together with Christ, (by grace ye are saved;)
sins . As trespasses in Ephesians 2:1 .
hath . Omit.
quickened . . . together = made . . . alive with. Greek. suzoopoieo. Only here and Co Ephesians 1:2 , Ephesians 1:13 .
Christ . App-98 .
by No preposition. Dative case. grace. App-184 .
are = were.
6.
And hath raised us up together, and made us sit together in heavenly places in Christ Jesus:
hath raised, &c . = raised . . . together (with Him). Greek. sunegeiro. Only here. Co Ephesians 1:2 , Ephesians 1:12 ; Ephesians 3:1 .
made us, &c. = made us to sit down together. Greek. sunkathizo. Only here and Luke 22:55 .
heavenly places . As in Ephesians 1:3 .
Christ Jesus . See Ephesians 1:1 .
7.
That in the ages to come he might shew the exceeding riches of his grace in his kindness toward us through Christ Jesus.
That = In order that. Greek. hina.
ages . See App-129 .
exceeding . See Ephesians 1:19 .
kindness . See Romans 2:4 . App-184 .
through . Greek. en . App-104 .
8.
For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God:
through . Greek. dia . App-104 .Ephesians 2:1 .
faith . App-150 . We are saved by grace, not by faith, which is the channel through ( dia ) which flows to us the Divine stream of saving grace. Both alike God's gifts.
not . App-105 .
of . Greek. ek . App-104 .
9.
Not of works, lest any man should boast.
lest any man = in order that (Greek. hina) no (Greek. me.) one (Greek. tis. App-123 .)
boast . See Romans 2:17 .
10.
For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained that we should walk in them.
workmanship = handiwork. Greek. poiema. Only here and Romans 1:20 . Refers to the new creation of verses: Ephesians 2:5 , Ephesians 2:6 .
created = having been created. Gr ktizo. See Romans 1:25 .
unto . Greek. epi . App-104 .
hath before ordained = afore prepared. Greek. proetoimazo. See Romans 9:23 , the only other occurances.
that = in order that. Greek. hina .
11.
Wherefore remember, that ye being in time past Gentiles in the flesh, who are called Uncircumcision by that which is called the Circumcision in the flesh made by hands;
Uncircumcision . See Romans 2:25 .
by . App-104 .
the . Omit.
made by hands . Greek. cheiropoietos. In the Epp. only here and Hebrews 9:11 , Hebrews 9:24 . Made Jews by rite . Compare Romans 2:28 , Romans 2:29 .
12.
That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world:
without = apart from.
being aliens = having been estranged from. Greek. apallotrioo. Only here; Ephesians 4:18 . Colossians 1:21 .
commonwealth = polity. Greek. politeia. Only here and Acts 22:28 .
Israel . In the Prison Epp. only here and Philippians 1:3 , Philippians 1:5 .
strangers . Greek. xenos . See Acts 17:21 .
promise = the promise
without God . Greek. atheos. Only here.
13.
But now in Christ Jesus ye who sometimes were far off are made nigh by the blood of Christ.
now . Emph.
sometimes = once.
are = were.
the blood . i.e. His death, not His life. Compare Ephesians 1:7 Romans 5:9 . Philippians 1:2 , Philippians 1:8 . Colossians 1:14 , Colossians 1:20 .
14.
For he is our peace, who hath made both one, and hath broken down the middle wall of partition between us;
peace . Peace itself, objectively, and its Author (1 Thessalonians 5:23 . 2 Thessalonians 3:16 ), to us and in us. Compare Isaiah 9:6 ; Isaiah 52:7 ; Isaiah 53:5 ; Isaiah 57:19 . Micah 5:5 .Haggai 2:9 . Zechariah 9:10 . Luke 2:14 .John 14:27 ; John 20:19 , John 20:21 , John 20:26 .
hath = having.
both . Jews and Gentiles.
hath broken down = having destroyed. See 1 John 3:8 .
middle wall. Greek. mesotoichon . Only here. The type is seen in the stone palisade, about three cubits high, which separated the Court of the Gentiles from that of the Jews, to pass which was death to any Gentile. A notice, of which Josephus speaks, was found in 1871.
partition = the partition. Only here; Matthew 21:33 .Mark 12:1 .Luke 14:23 (hedge).
between us . Omit.
15.
Having abolished in his flesh the enmity, even the law of commandments contained in ordinances; for to make in himself of twain one new man, so making peace;
abolished = done away with. Greek. katargeo. See Romans 3:3 .
His flesh . i.e. His death.
enmity . See Romans 8:7 .
the law . . . in ordinances = the law of the dogmatic commandments. Compare Romans 8:4 .
ordinances . Greek. dogma. See Co Ephesians 1:2 , Ephesians 1:14 .
for to make = in order that (Greek. hina) He might create (as Ephesians 2:10 ).
twain = the two, Jew and Gentile.
one new man = into (Greek. eis) one new (Greek. kainos. See Matthew 9:17 ) man.
16.
And that he might reconcile both unto God in one body by the cross, having slain the enmity thereby:
reconcile = bring together again. Greek. apokatallasso. Only here and Colossians 1:20 , Colossians 1:21 . The intensive form, katallasso with prefix apo ( App-104 .), implies reinstatement. Here it refers to the bringing together again of the two, so that "in one body" they may be united to God, in Christ. See App-196 .
unto = to.
the cross . Compare 1 Corinthians 1:17 . Galatians 1:6 , Galatians 1:12 , Galatians 1:14 .
the enmity . i.e. of the law of dogmatic commandments (Ephesians 2:15 ) which was against us (see Colossians 2:14 ), and which we could not keep.
thereby = by (Greek. en) it, i.e. the cross.
17.
And came and preached peace to you which were afar off, and to them that were nigh.
came = having come (Aor.)
and preached peace = He preached the good news ( App-121 .) peace.
and . The texts add "peace".
18.
For through him we both have access by one Spirit unto the Father.
access = the access. Greek. . prosagoge. Occ Ephesians 3:12 . See Romans 5:2 .
Spirit . App-101 .
Father . App-98 .
19.
Now therefore ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellowcitizens with the saints, and of the household of God;
Now therefore = So then.
no more = no longer. Greek. ouketi.
foreigners = sojourners. Greek. paroikos. See Acts 7:6 .
fellowcitizens . Greek. sumpolites. Only here. Whose seat of government ( politeuma ) is in heaven. See Philippians 1:3 , Philippians 1:20 .
household . Literally the domestics. Greek. oikeios. Only here; Galatians 1:6 , Galatians 1:10 . 1 Timothy 5:8 .
20.
And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone;
And are = Having been. Compare Acts 20:32 .
upon . App-104 .
the foundation . . . prophets . The foundation laid by the apostles and prophets (compare Hebrews 2:3 , Hebrews 2:4 ; Hebrews 6:1 , Hebrews 6:2 ), or (2) the foundation of the apostles and prophets themselves, laid by God.
foundation . Greek. themelios. See App-146 .
apostles and prophets . App-189 .
Jesus Christ . The texts re "Christ Jesus". App-98 .
the . Omit.
chief corner stone = foundation corner-stone. Greek. akrogoniaios. Only here and 1 Peter 2:6 . See Septuagint of Isaiah 28:16 . Christ is both foundation corner-stone, and head of the corner. Compare Psalms 118:22 . See Acts 4:11 .
21.
In whom all the building fitly framed together groweth unto an holy temple in the Lord:
all the building = Every building (Greek. oikodome) . The texts omit "the". Compare 1 Corinthians 3:9 .
fitly framed together = harmoniously fitted together. Greek. sunarmologeo. Only here and Ephesians 4:16 .
groweth = is growing, increasing.
Temple = Sanctuary. Greek. naos. See Matthew 23:16 .
22.
In whom ye also are builded together for an habitation of God through the Spirit.
builded together = being built in together. Greek. sunoikodomeo. Only here.
for . App-104 .
habitation . Greek. katoiketerion. Only here and Revelation 18:2 .
Spirit . App-101 .