1.
I say the truth in Christ, I lie not, my conscience also bearing me witness in the Holy Ghost,
in . Greek. en . App-104 .
Christ . App-98 .
bearing . . . witness . See Romans 2:15 .
the Holy Ghost . App-101 .
2.
That I have great heaviness and continual sorrow in my heart.
heaviness = sorrow.
continual . Greek. adialeiptos. Only here and 2 Timothy 1:3 .
sorrow = pangs. Greek. odune. Only here and 1 Timothy 6:10 .
3.
For I could wish that myself were accursed from Christ for my brethren, my kinsmen according to the flesh:
could = used to. Figure of speech Anamnesis. App-6 .
wish . App-134 .
accursed . See Acts 23:14 .
Christ = the Christ. See Romans 9:1 . The words in Romans 9:3 "For I" to "Christ" are in a parenthesis. Figure of speech Epitrechon. App-6 .
according to . Greek. kata. App-104 . The sorrow was on behalf of his brethren.
4.
Who are Israelites; to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises;
to whom, &c . = whose are.
adoption . See Romans 8:15 .
glory . See p. 1511.
covenants . See Matthew 26:28 .
giving, &c . Greek. nomothesia . Only here.
service . App-190 .
5.
Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen.
as, &c . Read "is the Christ as to the flesh".
as concerning . Same as according to, Romans 9:3 .
all . Compare John 17:2 . 1Co 15:27 , 1 Corinthians 15:28 . Colossians 1:16-19 ; Colossians 2:9 .
God . App-98 .
blessed . See Romans 1:25 .
for ever . App-151 . a. This is an example of the Figure of speech Anamnesis. App-6 . Note the seven privileges of Paul's people in Romans 9:4 . App-10 . To account for various readings, the Revised Version sometimes appeals in the margin to ancient authorities, meaning Greek MSS., &c, but here, and here only, modern interpreters are allowed to introduce, by varying punctuation, devices for destroying this emphatic testimony to the Deity of the Lord. See App-94 .
6.
Not as though the word of God hath taken none effect. For they are not all Israel, which are of Israel:
word. Greek. logos. App-121 .
God . App-98 .
taken, &c Literally fallen out = failed. Compare 1 Corinthians 13:8 .
7.
Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children: but, In Isaac shall thy seed be called.
Neither . Greek. oude.
children . Greek. teknon. App-108 .
8.
That is, They which are the children of the flesh, these are not the children of God: but the children of the promise are counted for the seed.
counted . Greek. logizomai. See Romans 2:26 .
for . Greek. eis . App-104 .
9.
For this is the word of promise, At this time will I come, and Sara shall have a son.
son. Greek. huios. App-108 . See Genesis 18:14 .
10.
And not only this; but when Rebecca also had conceived by one, even by our father Isaac;
by . Greek. ek . App-104 .
11.
(For the children being not yet born, neither having done any good or evil, that the purpose of God according to election might stand, not of works, but of him that calleth;)
neither . Greek. mede .
evil . Greek. kakos. App-128 .
that = in order that. Greek. hina .
purpose . Greek. prothesis. See Acts 11:23 .
stand = abide. Greek. meno. Only here translated "stand". Compare 1 Peter 1:23 , 1 Peter 1:25 .
12.
It was said unto her, The elder shall serve the younger.
unto = to.
elder = greater.
serve . Greek. douleuo . App-190 .
younger = less. See Genesis 25:23 .
13.
As it is written, Jacob have I loved, but Esau have I hated.
have . Omit.
loved . Greek. agapao. App-135 . See Deuteronomy 21:15 .
14.
What shall we say then? Is there unrighteousness with God? God forbid.
What, &c . See Romans 3:5 .
unrighteousness . Greek. adikia. App-128 .
with . Greek. para . App-104 .
God forbid . See Luke 20:16 .
15.
For he saith to Moses, I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.
have mercy = pity.
will . Omit.
have compassion on = compassionate. Greek. oikteiro. Only here. Compare Romans 12:1 . See Exodus 33:19 .
16.
So then it is not of him that willeth, nor of him that runneth, but of God that sheweth mercy.
willeth . Greek. thelo . App-102 . Isaac willed, Esau ran.
17.
For the scripture saith unto Pharaoh, Even for this same purpose have I raised thee up, that I might shew my power in thee, and that my name might be declared throughout all the earth.
purpose . Literally thing.
raised . . . up . App-178 . The same word is used in the Septuagint of 2 Samuel 12:11 .
shew . See Romans 2:15 .
power . App-172 .
declared . See Luke 9:60 (preach). App-121 .
throughout . App-104 .
earth . App-129 . Quoted from Exodus 9:16 .
18.
Therefore hath he mercy on whom he will have mercy, and whom he will he hardeneth.
hardeneth . See Acts 19:9 . Compare Exodus 4:21 .
19.
Thou wilt say then unto me, Why doth he yet find fault? For who hath resisted his will?
find fault . Greek. memphomai. Only here, Mark 7:2 .Hebrews 8:8 .
will . App-102 .
20.
Nay but, O man, who art thou that repliest against God? Shall the thing formed say to him that formed it, Why hast thou made me thus?
repliest against . Greek. antapokrinomai. Only here and Luke 14:6 . Compare App-104 and App-122 :3.
Shall . Question preceded by me , as Romans 9:14 .
thing formed. Greek. plasma. Only here.
formed . Greek. plasso. Only here and 1 Timothy 2:13 . Quoted from Isaiah 45:9 .
21.
Hath not the potter power over the clay, of the same lump to make one vessel unto honour, and another unto dishonour?
power. App-172 .
over = of.
clay . See John 9:6 .
lump . Greek. phurama. Only here, Rom 11:16 . 1 Corinthians 5:6 , 1 Corinthians 5:7 . Galatians 1:5 , Galatians 1:9 .
unto . App-104 . Compare Isaiah 45:9 ; Isaiah 64:8 . Jeremiah 18:1-6 .
dishonour = not shame, but lack of honour.
22.
What if God, willing to shew his wrath, and to make his power known, endured with much longsuffering the vessels of wrath fitted to destruction:
if . App-118 .
power . Greek. to dunaton.
with . App-104 .
the . Omit.
fitted = pieced up together, as a broken vessel. App-125 .
to . App-104 .
destruction = perdition, as in John 17:12 . From this is it not clear that in the resurrection the unjust come forth from the grave in the self-same bodies in which they entered it (John 5:28 , John 5:29 )?
23.
And that he might make known the riches of his glory on the vessels of mercy, which he had afore prepared unto glory,
riches . See Romans 2:4 .
afore prepared. Greek. proetoimazo . Only here and Ephesians 2:10 .
24.
Even us, whom he hath called, not of the Jews only, but also of the Gentiles?
Even, &c. = "Us whom He called . . . but of the Gentiles also? "
25.
As he saith also in Osee, I will call them my people, which were not my people; and her beloved, which was not beloved.
also, &c . = in Hosea also.
people . See Acts 2:47 . Quoted from Hosea 2:23 . Compare 1 Peter 2:10 .
26.
And it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people; there shall they be called the children of the living God.
come to pass = be.
children . App-108 . Quoted from Hosea 1:9 , Hosea 1:10 .
27.
Esaias also crieth concerning Israel, Though the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea, a remnant shall be saved:
concerning = over. App-104 .
Though . App-118 .
a = the.
remnant . Greek. kataleimma. Only here.
28.
For he will finish the work, and cut it short in righteousness: because a short work will the Lord make upon the earth.
finish = close. Greek. sunteleo. See Acts 21:27 .
work = account. Greek. logos. App-121 .
cut . . . short . Greek. suntemno. Only here and next clause.
righteousness . App-191 .
the Lord . App-98 .
upon . App-104 . Quoted almost verbatim from the Septuagint of Isaiah 10:22 , Isaiah 10:23 . App-107 .
29.
And as Esaias said before, Except the Lord of Sabaoth had left us a seed, we had been as Sodoma, and been made like unto Gomorrha.
Except = If ( App-118 . a) not ( App-105 .)
Sabaoth = Hosts. Only here and James 5:4 . First occurance: 1 Samuel 1:11 . Quoted from Isaiah 1:9 . App-107 .
left . Greek. enkataleipo. See Acts 2:27 .
30.
What shall we say then? That the Gentiles, which followed not after righteousness, have attained to righteousness, even the righteousness which is of faith.
have attained to = obtained. Greek. katalambano. See John 12:35 .
faith . App-150 . That is, on faith-principle, as in Romans 1:17 .
31.
But Israel, which followed after the law of righteousness, hath not attained to the law of righteousness.
the = a.
hath = omit.
attained . Greek. phthano. Not the same word as in 30. See Luke 11:20 .
32.
Wherefore? Because they sought it not by faith, but as it were by the works of the law. For they stumbled at that stumblingstone;
of the law . The texts omit.
stumbled . Greek. proskopto. Here, Romans 14:21 . 1 Peter 2:8 , and five times in the Gospels.
stumblingstone . Greek. proskomma. Here, Romans 9:33 ; Romans 14:13 , Romans 14:20 ; 1 Peter 2:8 .
33.
As it is written, Behold, I lay in Sion a stumblingstone and rock of offence: and whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed.
Behold . App-133 .
Sion . App-68 .
offence . See 1 Corinthians 1:23 .
whosoever . The texts read "he who".
believeth . App-150 .
ashamed = put to shame. See Romans 5:6 . Quoted from Isaiah 28:16 .